From 533107497ee74b3cc8dce16f419da1a525c3d11a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2025 10:30:56 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 001/174] Reuse AbstractStreamBuilder.getChannel(Channel)

---
 .../io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java     | 34 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 17 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
index 949ff8cbd8e..f87b109abb9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
@@ -25,7 +25,6 @@
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 import java.nio.charset.CharsetEncoder;
 import java.nio.charset.StandardCharsets;
-import java.nio.file.Files;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
@@ -93,6 +92,7 @@ public static class Builder extends AbstractStreamBuilder<ReversedLinesFileReade
         public Builder() {
             setBufferSizeDefault(DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE);
             setBufferSize(DEFAULT_BLOCK_SIZE);
+            setOpenOptions(StandardOpenOption.READ);
         }
 
         /**
@@ -311,42 +311,42 @@ private ReversedLinesFileReader(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
         this.blockSize = builder.getBufferSize();
         this.charset = Charsets.toCharset(builder.getCharset());
         // check & prepare encoding
-        final CharsetEncoder charsetEncoder = this.charset.newEncoder();
+        final CharsetEncoder charsetEncoder = charset.newEncoder();
         final float maxBytesPerChar = charsetEncoder.maxBytesPerChar();
-        if (maxBytesPerChar == 1f || this.charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_8) {
+        if (maxBytesPerChar == 1f || charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_8) {
             // all one byte encodings are partNumber problem
             byteDecrement = 1;
-        } else if (this.charset == Charset.forName("Shift_JIS") || // Same as for UTF-8
+        } else if (charset == Charset.forName("Shift_JIS") || // Same as for UTF-8
                 // http://www.herongyang.com/Unicode/JIS-Shift-JIS-Encoding.html
-                this.charset == Charset.forName("windows-31j") || // Windows code page 932 (Japanese)
-                this.charset == Charset.forName("x-windows-949") || // Windows code page 949 (Korean)
-                this.charset == Charset.forName("gbk") || // Windows code page 936 (Simplified Chinese)
-                this.charset == Charset.forName("x-windows-950")) { // Windows code page 950 (Traditional Chinese)
+                charset == Charset.forName("windows-31j") || // Windows code page 932 (Japanese)
+                charset == Charset.forName("x-windows-949") || // Windows code page 949 (Korean)
+                charset == Charset.forName("gbk") || // Windows code page 936 (Simplified Chinese)
+                charset == Charset.forName("x-windows-950")) { // Windows code page 950 (Traditional Chinese)
             byteDecrement = 1;
-        } else if (this.charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16BE || this.charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16LE) {
+        } else if (charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16BE || charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16LE) {
             // UTF-16 new line sequences are not allowed as second tuple of four byte
             // sequences,
             // however byte order has to be specified
             byteDecrement = 2;
-        } else if (this.charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16) {
+        } else if (charset == StandardCharsets.UTF_16) {
             throw new UnsupportedEncodingException("For UTF-16, you need to specify the byte order (use UTF-16BE or UTF-16LE)");
         } else {
             throw new UnsupportedEncodingException("Encoding " + charset + " is not supported yet (feel free to submit a patch)");
         }
         // NOTE: The new line sequences are matched in the order given, so it is
         // important that \r\n is BEFORE \n
-        this.newLineSequences = new byte[][] { StandardLineSeparator.CRLF.getBytes(this.charset), StandardLineSeparator.LF.getBytes(this.charset),
-                StandardLineSeparator.CR.getBytes(this.charset) };
+        this.newLineSequences = new byte[][] { StandardLineSeparator.CRLF.getBytes(charset), StandardLineSeparator.LF.getBytes(charset),
+                StandardLineSeparator.CR.getBytes(charset) };
         this.avoidNewlineSplitBufferSize = newLineSequences[0].length;
         // Open file
-        this.channel = Files.newByteChannel(builder.getPath(), StandardOpenOption.READ);
+        this.channel = builder.getChannel(SeekableByteChannel.class);
         this.totalByteLength = channel.size();
-        int lastBlockLength = (int) (this.totalByteLength % blockSize);
+        int lastBlockLength = (int) (totalByteLength % blockSize);
         if (lastBlockLength > 0) {
-            this.totalBlockCount = this.totalByteLength / blockSize + 1;
+            this.totalBlockCount = totalByteLength / blockSize + 1;
         } else {
-            this.totalBlockCount = this.totalByteLength / blockSize;
-            if (this.totalByteLength > 0) {
+            this.totalBlockCount = totalByteLength / blockSize;
+            if (totalByteLength > 0) {
                 lastBlockLength = blockSize;
             }
         }

From 028dd621009cb0cca677116cd0acdc69192d3d66 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2025 16:31:54 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 002/174] Improve `FileUtils.forceDelete()` tests on Windows
 (#791)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* Improve `FileUtils.forceDelete()` tests on Windows

On Windows, the `DeleteFile` Win32 API has a little quirk: it refuses to delete files with the legacy **DOS read-only attribute** set. (Because apparently 99% of Windows users don’t realize that “deleting a file” is actually an operation on the *directory*, not the file itself 😉).

So the usual drill is: clear the read-only flag first, then delete.

* Until JDK 25, `File.delete()` did this for you behind the scenes: it quietly stripped the flag before calling into `DeleteFile`. That meant your file might be left behind (with the flag missing) if the *real* ACLs didn’t allow deletion.
* From JDK 25 onward, `File.delete()` doesn’t touch the flag anymore. If the bit is set, `DeleteFile` fails, end of story.
* `FileUtils.forceDelete()` already knows how to juggle the flag itself, so its behavior didn’t change.

This PR:

* Updates two tests that were (unfairly) comparing `File.delete` with `FileUtils.forceDelete`. With JDK 25, their expectations diverged.
* Adds a new test to confirm that `FileUtils.forceDelete` restores the read-only flag if the actual deletion fails.

> [!WARNING]
> I didn’t develop this on a Windows box, so I couldn’t test it locally. Leaving this as a **draft PR** until CI tells us whether Windows agrees with me.

* fix: always clear read-only bit

* fix: check for `IOException`, not `AccessDeniedException`

* feat: add holder for file and parent attributes

Introduce a helper that snapshots file and parent directory attributes before `setReadOnly` is applied.
If a deletion attempt fails, the holder can restore the original attributes to keep the filesystem state consistent.

* fix: Spotbugs failure

* fix: prefer POSIX to DOS attributes when both are available

On Linux/Unix, both POSIX and DOS attribute views may be supported,
while on Windows only DOS attributes are available.
Check for POSIX first to ensure the correct view is used across platforms.

* fix: revert read-only related changes
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java  | 57 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 36 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
index 4f6efa0f946..ced4b106638 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@
 import java.nio.file.Paths;
 import java.nio.file.StandardCopyOption;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.AclFileAttributeView;
+import java.nio.file.attribute.DosFileAttributeView;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.FileTime;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermission;
 import java.nio.file.attribute.PosixFilePermissions;
@@ -1735,21 +1736,31 @@ void testForceDeleteReadOnlyDirectory() throws Exception {
     void testForceDeleteReadOnlyFile() throws Exception {
         try (TempFile destination = TempFile.create("test-", ".txt")) {
             final File file = destination.toFile();
-            assertTrue(file.setReadOnly());
-            assertTrue(file.canRead());
-            assertFalse(file.canWrite());
-            // sanity check that File.delete() deletes read-only files.
-            assertTrue(file.delete());
+            assertTrue(file.setReadOnly(), "Setting file read-only successful");
+            assertTrue(file.canRead(), "File must be readable");
+            assertFalse(file.canWrite(), "File must not be writable");
+            assertTrue(file.exists(), "File doesn't exist to delete");
+            // Since JDK 25 on Windows, File.delete() refuses to remove files
+            // with the DOS readonly bit set (JDK-8355954).
+            // We clear the bit here for consistency across JDK versions.
+            setDosReadOnly(file.toPath(), false);
+            assertTrue(file.delete(), "File.delete() must delete read-only file");
         }
         try (TempFile destination = TempFile.create("test-", ".txt")) {
             final File file = destination.toFile();
             // real test
-            assertTrue(file.setReadOnly());
-            assertTrue(file.canRead());
-            assertFalse(file.canWrite());
+            assertTrue(file.setReadOnly(), "Setting file read-only successful");
+            assertTrue(file.canRead(), "File must be readable");
+            assertFalse(file.canWrite(), "File must not be writable");
             assertTrue(file.exists(), "File doesn't exist to delete");
             FileUtils.forceDelete(file);
-            assertFalse(file.exists(), "Check deletion");
+            assertFalse(file.exists(), "FileUtils.forceDelete() must delete read-only file");
+        }
+    }
+
+    private static void setDosReadOnly(Path p, boolean readOnly) throws IOException {
+        if (Files.getFileStore(p).supportsFileAttributeView(DosFileAttributeView.class)) {
+            Files.setAttribute(p, "dos:readonly", readOnly, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1823,23 +1834,27 @@ void testForceDeleteUnwritableDirectory() throws Exception {
     void testForceDeleteUnwritableFile() throws Exception {
         try (TempFile destination = TempFile.create("test-", ".txt")) {
             final File file = destination.toFile();
-            assertTrue(file.canWrite());
-            assertTrue(file.setWritable(false));
-            assertFalse(file.canWrite());
-            assertTrue(file.canRead());
-            // sanity check that File.delete() deletes unwritable files.
-            assertTrue(file.delete());
+            assertTrue(file.canWrite(), "File must be writable");
+            assertTrue(file.setWritable(false), "Setting file unwritable successful");
+            assertFalse(file.canWrite(), "File must not be writable");
+            assertTrue(file.canRead(), "File must be readable");
+            assertTrue(file.exists(), "File must exist to delete");
+            // Since JDK 25 on Windows, File.delete() refuses to remove files
+            // with the DOS readonly bit set (JDK-8355954).
+            // We clear the bit here for consistency across JDK versions.
+            setDosReadOnly(file.toPath(), false);
+            assertTrue(file.delete(), "File.delete() must delete unwritable file");
         }
         try (TempFile destination = TempFile.create("test-", ".txt")) {
             final File file = destination.toFile();
             // real test
-            assertTrue(file.canWrite());
-            assertTrue(file.setWritable(false));
-            assertFalse(file.canWrite());
-            assertTrue(file.canRead());
-            assertTrue(file.exists(), "File doesn't exist to delete");
+            assertTrue(file.canWrite(), "File must be writable");
+            assertTrue(file.setWritable(false), "Setting file unwritable successful");
+            assertFalse(file.canWrite(), "File must not be writable");
+            assertTrue(file.canRead(), "File must be readable");
+            assertTrue(file.exists(), "File must exist to delete");
             FileUtils.forceDelete(file);
-            assertFalse(file.exists(), "Check deletion");
+            assertFalse(file.exists(), "FileUtils.forceDelete() must delete unwritable file");
         }
     }
 

From c2ee341e0134df62c967c6f03741894383ef83a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2025 20:27:46 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 003/174] Bump ossf/scorecard-action from 2.4.2 to 2.4.3 (#792)

Bumps [ossf/scorecard-action](https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action) from 2.4.2 to 2.4.3.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action/blob/main/RELEASE.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/ossf/scorecard-action/compare/05b42c624433fc40578a4040d5cf5e36ddca8cde...4eaacf0543bb3f2c246792bd56e8cdeffafb205a)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: ossf/scorecard-action
  dependency-version: 2.4.3
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index cf4d6ba87b0..dc25de392ba 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ jobs:
           persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: "Run analysis"
-        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@05b42c624433fc40578a4040d5cf5e36ddca8cde    # 2.4.2
+        uses: ossf/scorecard-action@4eaacf0543bb3f2c246792bd56e8cdeffafb205a    # 2.4.3
         with:
           results_file: results.sarif
           results_format: sarif

From ac2d382eeaa8b1d630051cdbc8dd302372ee4f21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2025 20:28:20 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 004/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 3.30.4 to 3.30.6
 (#793)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 3.30.4 to 3.30.6.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/303c0aef88fc2fe5ff6d63d3b1596bfd83dfa1f9...64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 3.30.6
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index fcc16fe390a..db18ec4ae56 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@303c0aef88fc2fe5ff6d63d3b1596bfd83dfa1f9    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@303c0aef88fc2fe5ff6d63d3b1596bfd83dfa1f9    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@303c0aef88fc2fe5ff6d63d3b1596bfd83dfa1f9    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index dc25de392ba..3b7d3020e33 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@303c0aef88fc2fe5ff6d63d3b1596bfd83dfa1f9    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 07d2cd9c493baae1e82553b3da420d17a6093c05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 2 Oct 2025 20:29:27 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 005/174] Bump actions/dependency-review-action from 4.7.3 to
 4.8.0 (#794)

Bumps [actions/dependency-review-action](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action) from 4.7.3 to 4.8.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/compare/595b5aeba73380359d98a5e087f648dbb0edce1b...56339e523c0409420f6c2c9a2f4292bbb3c07dd3)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/dependency-review-action
  dependency-version: 4.8.0
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index 1e043924237..edfe8756642 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
-        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@595b5aeba73380359d98a5e087f648dbb0edce1b # v4.7.3
+        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@56339e523c0409420f6c2c9a2f4292bbb3c07dd3 # v4.8.0

From 45578a74f54886a2e2b4b72f8faeda0728146f14 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Fri, 3 Oct 2025 21:32:36 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 006/174] Add missing `read` argument validation in `IOUtils`
 (#795)

* Add missing `read` argument validation in `IOUtils`

In #790 I introduced `IOUtils#checkIndexFromLength` calls to validate arguments across the codebase. Ironically, the `IOUtils` class itself was left out.

This PR addresses that omission by adding argument validation to `IOUtils#read` and `IOUtils#readFully`.

Key points:

* Ensures consistency with the rest of Commons IO by validating `offset` and `length`.
* Fixes inconsistent exception behavior:

  * Previously, `length < 0` resulted in an `IllegalArgumentException`.
  * `offset < 0` did not trigger validation and failed later with an `IndexOutOfBoundsException`.
* With this change, both invalid cases are handled consistently and upfront.

* fix: failing tests
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 60 +++++++------------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 35 ++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 55 insertions(+), 40 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index a882d4d87cb..66d785885ee 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -2054,6 +2054,7 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final Reader reader) {
      * @param input where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
      * @throws IOException if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
@@ -2074,40 +2075,19 @@ public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throws IOEx
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
+     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
      * @throws IOException              if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
             throws IOException {
-        if (length == 0) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        return read(input::read, buffer, offset, length);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Reads bytes from an input. This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case
-     * for subclasses of {@link InputStream}.
-     *
-     * @param input  How to read input.
-     * @param buffer destination.
-     * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
-     * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
-     * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
-     * @throws IOException              if a read error occurs.
-     * @since 2.2
-     */
-    static int read(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer> input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
-            throws IOException {
-        if (length < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Length must not be negative: " + length);
-        }
+        checkFromIndexSize(buffer, offset, length);
         int remaining = length;
         while (remaining > 0) {
             final int location = length - remaining;
-            final int count = input.apply(buffer, offset + location, remaining);
+            final int count = input.read(buffer, offset + location, remaining);
             if (EOF == count) {
                 break;
             }
@@ -2172,15 +2152,15 @@ public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IOExcept
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
+     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
      * @throws IOException              if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
             throws IOException {
-        if (length < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Length must not be negative: " + length);
-        }
+        checkFromIndexSize(buffer, offset, length);
         int remaining = length;
         while (remaining > 0) {
             final int location = length - remaining;
@@ -2202,9 +2182,9 @@ public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offse
      *
      * @param input where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
      * @throws EOFException             if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
@@ -2222,9 +2202,11 @@ public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throw
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
+     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
      * @throws EOFException             if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
@@ -2286,9 +2268,9 @@ public static void readFully(final ReadableByteChannel input, final ByteBuffer b
      *
      * @param reader where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
      * @throws EOFException             if the number of characters read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IOException {
@@ -2306,9 +2288,11 @@ public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IO
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if length is negative.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
+     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
      * @throws EOFException             if the number of characters read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 02574946bf8..a2164ce49d1 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -1195,6 +1195,31 @@ void testRead_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    static Stream<Arguments> invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider() {
+        final InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[10]);
+        final byte[] b = new byte[10];
+        return Stream.of(
+            // input is null
+            Arguments.of(null, b, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
+            // b is null
+            Arguments.of(input, null, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
+            // off is negative
+            Arguments.of(input, b, -1, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // len is negative
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 0, -1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // off + len is too big
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 1, 10, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // off + len is too big
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 10, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
+    void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testReadFully_InputStream__ReturnByteArray() throws Exception {
         final byte[] bytes = "abcd1234".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
@@ -1213,7 +1238,7 @@ void testReadFully_InputStream_ByteArray() throws Exception {
         final byte[] buffer = new byte[size];
         final InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size]);
 
-        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IndexOutOfBoundsException");
 
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 0);
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, size - 1);
@@ -1260,7 +1285,7 @@ void testReadFully_Reader() throws Exception {
 
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 0);
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, size - 3);
-        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IndexOutOfBoundsException");
         assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 5), "Should have failed with EOFException");
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(input);
     }
@@ -1274,6 +1299,12 @@ void testReadFully_Reader_Offset() throws Exception {
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
+    void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testReadLines_CharSequence() throws IOException {
         final File file = TestUtils.newFile(temporaryFolder, "lines.txt");

From 8178f48ed70b7c023f741a602b493e110880aa5b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2025 13:15:45 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 007/174] Fix inconsistent exception in `IOUtils.toByteArray`
 (#796)

The implementation of `IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream, int, int)` added in #776 throws different exceptions depending on the requested size:

* For request sizes larger than the internal chunk size, it correctly throws an `EOFException`.
* For smaller requests, it incorrectly throws a generic `IOException`.

This PR makes the behavior consistent by always throwing an `EOFException` when the stream ends prematurely.

Note: This also affects `RandomAccessFiles.read`. Its previous truncation behavior was undocumented and inconsistent with `RandomAccessFile.read` (which reads as much as possible). The new behavior is not explicitly documented here either, since it is unclear whether throwing on truncation is actually desirable.
---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java     |  3 ++-
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java | 11 ++++++++++-
 2 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 66d785885ee..4d5b7d1a526 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -2941,6 +2941,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final long size) throw
      * @param input the input to read, not null.
      * @param size the size of the input to read, where 0 &lt; {@code size} &lt;= length of input.
      * @return byte [] of length {@code size}.
+     * @throws EOFException if the end of the input is reached before reading {@code size} bytes.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs or input length is smaller than parameter {@code size}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is less than zero.
      */
@@ -2958,7 +2959,7 @@ static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer>
             offset += read;
         }
         if (offset != size) {
-            throw new IOException("Unexpected read size, current: " + offset + ", expected: " + size);
+            throw new EOFException("Unexpected read size, current: " + offset + ", expected: " + size);
         }
         return data;
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index a2164ce49d1..9d99d10f214 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -158,7 +158,9 @@ static Stream<Arguments> testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Throws() {
                 Arguments.of(-1, 128, IllegalArgumentException.class),
                 // Invalid buffer size
                 Arguments.of(0, 0, IllegalArgumentException.class),
-                // Huge size: should not cause OutOfMemoryError
+                // Truncation with requested size < chunk size
+                Arguments.of(64, 128, EOFException.class),
+                // Truncation with requested size > chunk size
                 Arguments.of(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 128, EOFException.class));
     }
 
@@ -1788,6 +1790,13 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_Truncated() throws Exception {
+        try (InputStream in = new NullInputStream(0)) {
+            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, 1), "Should have failed with EOFException");
+        }
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Succeeds(final byte[] data, final int size, final int bufferSize) throws IOException {

From 6b41b2efbcf7e7dac52d2c485c9e1f5d0873c23b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2025 07:17:15 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 008/174] IOUtils.toByteArray now throws EOFException when not
 enough data is available #796

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index fb68216e20a..3bcc4145197 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Deprecate IOUtils.readFully(InputStream, int) in favor of toByteArray(InputStream, int).</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">JIOUtils.toByteArray now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>

From d190051aceefe8ba4eb1b79aa69d4ee8b502beff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2025 07:49:05 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 009/174] Better exception messages

Better unit test messages
---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java    | 13 +++++++------
 .../commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java      |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java     | 11 ++++-------
 3 files changed, 12 insertions(+), 14 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 4d5b7d1a526..aac71be0fa5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -2898,15 +2898,16 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final int size) throws
     public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final int size, final int chunkSize) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(input, "input");
         if (chunkSize <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Chunk size must be greater than zero: " + chunkSize);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("chunkSize <= 0, chunkSize = %,d", chunkSize));
         }
         if (size <= chunkSize) {
             // throws if size < 0
             return toByteArray(input::read, size);
         }
         final UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream output = copyToOutputStream(input, size, chunkSize);
-         if (output.size() != size) {
-            throw new EOFException("Unexpected read size, current: " + output.size() + ", expected: " + size);
+        final int outSize = output.size();
+        if (outSize != size) {
+            throw new EOFException(String.format("Expected read size: %,d, actual: %,d", size, outSize));
         }
         return output.toByteArray();
     }
@@ -2930,7 +2931,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final int size, final
      */
     public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final long size) throws IOException {
         if (size > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Size cannot be greater than Integer max value: " + size);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("size > Integer.MAX_VALUE, size = %,d", size));
         }
         return toByteArray(input, (int) size);
     }
@@ -2947,7 +2948,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final long size) throw
      */
     static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer> input, final int size) throws IOException {
         if (size < 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("Size must be equal or greater than zero: " + size);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("size < 0, size = %,d", size));
         }
         if (size == 0) {
             return EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY;
@@ -2959,7 +2960,7 @@ static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer>
             offset += read;
         }
         if (offset != size) {
-            throw new EOFException("Unexpected read size, current: " + offset + ", expected: " + size);
+            throw new EOFException(String.format("Expected read size: %,d, actual: %,d", size, offset));
         }
         return data;
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index bcee009a431..57edd41bcb7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ private ReadAheadInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final int bufferSize
             final boolean shutdownExecutorService) {
         super(Objects.requireNonNull(inputStream, "inputStream"));
         if (bufferSizeInBytes <= 0) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException("bufferSizeInBytes should be greater than 0, but the value is " + bufferSizeInBytes);
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("bufferSizeInBytes <= 0, bufferSizeInBytes = %,d", bufferSizeInBytes));
         }
         this.executorService = Objects.requireNonNull(executorService, "executorService");
         this.shutdownExecutorService = shutdownExecutorService;
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 9d99d10f214..9e9b6c8bfc8 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -1772,10 +1772,8 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_LongerThanIntegerMaxValue() throws Exception {
     @Test
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_NegativeSize() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
-            final IllegalArgumentException exc = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, -1),
-                    "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("Size must be equal or greater than zero"),
-                    "Exception message does not start with \"Size must be equal or greater than zero\"");
+            final IllegalArgumentException exc = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, -1));
+            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("size < 0"), exc.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -1820,7 +1818,7 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeIllegal() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
             final IOException exc = assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, testFile.length() + 1),
                     "Should have failed with IOException");
-            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("Unexpected read size"), "Exception message does not start with \"Unexpected read size\"");
+            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("Expected read size"), exc.getMessage());
         }
     }
 
@@ -1829,8 +1827,7 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeLong() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
             final IllegalArgumentException exc = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1),
                     "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("Size cannot be greater than Integer max value"),
-                    "Exception message does not start with \"Size cannot be greater than Integer max value\"");
+            assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("size > Integer.MAX_VALUE"), exc.getMessage());
         }
     }
 

From 26e5aa9661a72bfd9697fb384ca72f58e5d672e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 4 Oct 2025 07:57:41 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 010/174] Don't override JUnit messages to say the same thing

Reduce vertical space
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 96 +++++--------------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 71 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 9e9b6c8bfc8..8a830ec316a 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -683,13 +683,10 @@ void testConsumeReader() throws Exception {
         final long size = (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + (long) 1;
         final Reader in = new NullReader(size);
         final Writer out = NullWriter.INSTANCE;
-
         // Test copy() method
         assertEquals(-1, IOUtils.copy(in, out));
-
         // reset the input
         in.close();
-
         // Test consume() method
         assertEquals(size, IOUtils.consume(in), "consume()");
     }
@@ -913,12 +910,9 @@ void testCopy_ByteArray_OutputStream() throws Exception {
             // Create our byte[]. Rely on testInputStreamToByteArray() to make sure this is valid.
             in = IOUtils.toByteArray(fin);
         }
-
         try (OutputStream fout = Files.newOutputStream(destination.toPath())) {
             CopyUtils.copy(in, fout);
-
             fout.flush();
-
             TestUtils.checkFile(destination, testFile);
             TestUtils.checkWrite(fout);
         }
@@ -933,7 +927,6 @@ void testCopy_ByteArray_Writer() throws Exception {
             // Create our byte[]. Rely on testInputStreamToByteArray() to make sure this is valid.
             in = IOUtils.toByteArray(fin);
         }
-
         try (Writer fout = Files.newBufferedWriter(destination.toPath())) {
             CopyUtils.copy(in, fout);
             fout.flush();
@@ -951,11 +944,9 @@ void testCopy_String_Writer() throws Exception {
             // Create our String. Rely on testReaderToString() to make sure this is valid.
             str = IOUtils.toString(fin);
         }
-
         try (Writer fout = Files.newBufferedWriter(destination.toPath())) {
             CopyUtils.copy(str, fout);
             fout.flush();
-
             TestUtils.checkFile(destination, testFile);
             TestUtils.checkWrite(fout);
         }
@@ -970,19 +961,16 @@ void testCopyLarge_CharExtraLength() throws IOException {
             // Create streams
             is = new CharArrayReader(carr);
             os = new CharArrayWriter();
-
             // Test our copy method
             // for extra length, it reads till EOF
             assertEquals(200, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, 2000));
             final char[] oarr = os.toCharArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(200, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
             assertEquals(1, oarr[1]);
             assertEquals(79, oarr[79]);
             assertEquals((char) -1, oarr[80]);
-
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
@@ -997,18 +985,15 @@ void testCopyLarge_CharFullLength() throws IOException {
             // Create streams
             is = new CharArrayReader(carr);
             os = new CharArrayWriter();
-
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(200, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, -1));
             final char[] oarr = os.toCharArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(200, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
             assertEquals(1, oarr[1]);
             assertEquals(79, oarr[79]);
             assertEquals((char) -1, oarr[80]);
-
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
@@ -1023,18 +1008,15 @@ void testCopyLarge_CharNoSkip() throws IOException {
             // Create streams
             is = new CharArrayReader(carr);
             os = new CharArrayWriter();
-
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(100, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, 100));
             final char[] oarr = os.toCharArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(100, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
             assertEquals(1, oarr[1]);
             assertEquals(79, oarr[79]);
             assertEquals((char) -1, oarr[80]);
-
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
@@ -1049,18 +1031,15 @@ void testCopyLarge_CharSkip() throws IOException {
             // Create streams
             is = new CharArrayReader(carr);
             os = new CharArrayWriter();
-
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(100, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 10, 100));
             final char[] oarr = os.toCharArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(100, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
             assertEquals(11, oarr[1]);
             assertEquals(79, oarr[69]);
             assertEquals((char) -1, oarr[70]);
-
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
@@ -1076,15 +1055,12 @@ void testCopyLarge_CharSkipInvalid() {
 
     @Test
     void testCopyLarge_ExtraLength() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr);
-            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr); ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
             // Create streams
-
             // Test our copy method
             // for extra length, it reads till EOF
             assertEquals(200, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, 2000));
             final byte[] oarr = os.toByteArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(200, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
@@ -1096,12 +1072,10 @@ void testCopyLarge_ExtraLength() throws IOException {
 
     @Test
     void testCopyLarge_FullLength() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr);
-            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr); ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(200, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, -1));
             final byte[] oarr = os.toByteArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(200, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
@@ -1113,12 +1087,10 @@ void testCopyLarge_FullLength() throws IOException {
 
     @Test
     void testCopyLarge_NoSkip() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr);
-            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr); ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(100, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 0, 100));
             final byte[] oarr = os.toByteArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(100, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
@@ -1130,12 +1102,10 @@ void testCopyLarge_NoSkip() throws IOException {
 
     @Test
     void testCopyLarge_Skip() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr);
-            ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
+        try (ByteArrayInputStream is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr); ByteArrayOutputStream os = new ByteArrayOutputStream()) {
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(100, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, 10, 100));
             final byte[] oarr = os.toByteArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(100, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
@@ -1162,18 +1132,15 @@ void testCopyLarge_SkipWithInvalidOffset() throws IOException {
             // Create streams
             is = new ByteArrayInputStream(iarr);
             os = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
-
             // Test our copy method
             assertEquals(100, IOUtils.copyLarge(is, os, -10, 100));
             final byte[] oarr = os.toByteArray();
-
             // check that output length is correct
             assertEquals(100, oarr.length);
             // check that output data corresponds to input data
             assertEquals(1, oarr[1]);
             assertEquals(79, oarr[79]);
             assertEquals(-1, oarr[80]);
-
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(is);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(os);
@@ -1191,7 +1158,7 @@ void testRead_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
             assertEquals(0, buffer.remaining());
             assertEquals(0, input.read(buffer));
             buffer.clear();
-            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer), "Should have failed with EOFException");
+            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer));
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(input, fileInputStream);
         }
@@ -1226,11 +1193,8 @@ void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b
     void testReadFully_InputStream__ReturnByteArray() throws Exception {
         final byte[] bytes = "abcd1234".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
         final ByteArrayInputStream stream = new ByteArrayInputStream(bytes);
-
         final byte[] result = IOUtils.readFully(stream, bytes.length);
-
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
-
         assertEqualContent(result, bytes);
     }
 
@@ -1240,11 +1204,11 @@ void testReadFully_InputStream_ByteArray() throws Exception {
         final byte[] buffer = new byte[size];
         final InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size]);
 
-        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IndexOutOfBoundsException");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1));
 
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 0);
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, size - 1);
-        assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 2), "Should have failed with EOFException");
+        assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 2));
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(input);
     }
 
@@ -1273,7 +1237,7 @@ void testReadFully_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
             assertEquals(0, input.read(buffer));
             IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer);
             buffer.clear();
-            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer), "Should have failed with EOFxception");
+            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer));
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(input, fileInputStream);
         }
@@ -1287,8 +1251,8 @@ void testReadFully_Reader() throws Exception {
 
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 0);
         IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, size - 3);
-        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1), "Should have failed with IndexOutOfBoundsException");
-        assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 5), "Should have failed with EOFException");
+        assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, -1));
+        assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.readFully(input, buffer, 0, 5));
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(input);
     }
 
@@ -1628,13 +1592,11 @@ void testSkip_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
     @Test
     void testSkipFully_InputStream() throws Exception {
         final int size = 1027;
-
         try (InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size])) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1));
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, 0);
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, size - 1);
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1643,11 +1605,10 @@ void testSkipFully_InputStream_Buffer_New_bytes() throws Exception {
         final int size = 1027;
         final Supplier<byte[]> bas = () -> new byte[size];
         try (InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size])) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, bas), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, bas));
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, 0, bas);
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, size - 1, bas);
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, bas), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, bas));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1657,11 +1618,10 @@ void testSkipFully_InputStream_Buffer_Reuse_bytes() throws Exception {
         final byte[] ba = new byte[size];
         final Supplier<byte[]> bas = () -> ba;
         try (InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size])) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, bas), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, bas));
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, 0, bas);
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, size - 1, bas);
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, bas), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, bas));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1670,11 +1630,10 @@ void testSkipFully_InputStream_Buffer_Reuse_ThreadLocal() throws Exception {
         final int size = 1027;
         final ThreadLocal<byte[]> tl = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new byte[size]);
         try (InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[size])) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, tl::get), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1, tl::get));
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, 0, tl::get);
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, size - 1, tl::get);
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, tl::get), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 2, tl::get));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1683,10 +1642,10 @@ void testSkipFully_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
         final FileInputStream fileInputStream = new FileInputStream(testFile);
         final FileChannel fileChannel = fileInputStream.getChannel();
         try {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, -1), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, -1));
             IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, 0);
             IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, FILE_SIZE - 1);
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, 2), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(fileChannel, 2));
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(fileChannel, fileInputStream);
         }
@@ -1698,8 +1657,8 @@ void testSkipFully_Reader() throws Exception {
         try (Reader input = new CharArrayReader(new char[size])) {
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, 0);
             IOUtils.skipFully(input, size - 3);
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1), "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 5), "Should have failed with IOException");
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, -1));
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.skipFully(input, 5));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1711,7 +1670,6 @@ void testStringToOutputStream() throws Exception {
             // Create our String. Rely on testReaderToString() to make sure this is valid.
             str = IOUtils.toString(fin);
         }
-
         try (OutputStream fout = Files.newOutputStream(destination.toPath())) {
             CopyUtils.copy(str, fout);
             // Note: this method *does* flush. It is equivalent to:
@@ -1720,7 +1678,6 @@ void testStringToOutputStream() throws Exception {
             // _out.flush();
             // out = fout;
             // note: we don't flush here; this IOUtils method does it for us
-
             TestUtils.checkFile(destination, testFile);
             TestUtils.checkWrite(fout);
         }
@@ -1791,7 +1748,7 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size() throws Exception {
     @Test
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_Truncated() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream in = new NullInputStream(0)) {
-            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, 1), "Should have failed with EOFException");
+            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, 1));
         }
     }
 
@@ -1816,8 +1773,7 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Throws(
     @Test
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeIllegal() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
-            final IOException exc = assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, testFile.length() + 1),
-                    "Should have failed with IOException");
+            final IOException exc = assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, testFile.length() + 1));
             assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("Expected read size"), exc.getMessage());
         }
     }
@@ -1825,8 +1781,7 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeIllegal() throws Exception {
     @Test
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeLong() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
-            final IllegalArgumentException exc = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1),
-                    "Should have failed with IllegalArgumentException");
+            final IllegalArgumentException exc = assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(fin, (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1));
             assertTrue(exc.getMessage().startsWith("size > Integer.MAX_VALUE"), exc.getMessage());
         }
     }
@@ -1864,7 +1819,6 @@ void testToByteArray_String() throws Exception {
         try (Reader fin = Files.newBufferedReader(testFilePath)) {
             // Create our String. Rely on testReaderToString() to make sure this is valid.
             final String str = IOUtils.toString(fin);
-
             final byte[] out = IOUtils.toByteArray(str);
             assertEqualContent(str.getBytes(), out);
         }

From 66706b4961259d7a5b2e4c32783ced10e12a3402 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Oct 2025 08:49:59 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 011/174] Javadoc

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java     | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
index 5e37676ac9c..937895c822c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
@@ -153,7 +153,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter and(final IOFileFilter... filters) {
      * @return a filter that ANDs the two specified filters
      * @see #and(IOFileFilter...)
      * @see AndFileFilter
-     * @deprecated use {@link #and(IOFileFilter...)}
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #and(IOFileFilter...)}
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static IOFileFilter andFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFileFilter filter2) {
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter or(final IOFileFilter... filters) {
      * @return a filter that ORs the two specified filters
      * @see #or(IOFileFilter...)
      * @see OrFileFilter
-     * @deprecated use {@link #or(IOFileFilter...)}
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #or(IOFileFilter...)}
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static IOFileFilter orFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFileFilter filter2) {

From eed5803bf23ab83b6506cfda48fae7c351d51ef2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 7 Oct 2025 09:43:16 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 012/174] Javadoc

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java |  6 ++--
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java | 12 +++----
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java   |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 34 +++++++++----------
 .../commons/io/charset/CharsetDecoders.java   |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/charset/CharsetEncoders.java   |  2 +-
 .../io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java  |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java   |  4 +--
 .../io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java     |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java   |  2 +-
 .../output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/output/LockableFileWriter.java |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java |  6 ++--
 13 files changed, 39 insertions(+), 39 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index ad426952e4e..e22adef83be 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public static int copy(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output) throw
      * Copies and convert bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
      * {@link Writer}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ public static void copy(
      * Serialize chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an
      * {@link OutputStream}, and flush the {@link OutputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from
@@ -293,7 +293,7 @@ public static int copy(
      * {@link OutputStream}, and
      * flush the {@link OutputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link String} to read from
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index 203fe84bfc5..523c2c1fd26 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -2755,7 +2755,7 @@ public static byte[] readFileToByteArray(final File file) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Reads the contents of a file into a String using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}. The
+     * Reads the contents of a file into a String using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}. The
      * file is always closed.
      *
      * @param file the file to read, must not be {@code null}.
@@ -2804,7 +2804,7 @@ public static String readFileToString(final File file, final String charsetName)
     }
 
     /**
-     * Reads the contents of a file line by line to a List of Strings using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Reads the contents of a file line by line to a List of Strings using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * The file is always closed.
      *
      * @param file the file to read, must not be {@code null}.
@@ -3212,7 +3212,7 @@ public static boolean waitFor(final File file, final int seconds) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param file the file to write.
      * @param data the content to write to the file.
@@ -3226,7 +3226,7 @@ public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data) throws IOExce
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param file   the file to write.
      * @param data   the content to write to the file.
@@ -3501,7 +3501,7 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final C
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param file the file to write
      * @param data the content to write to the file
@@ -3514,7 +3514,7 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data) throws
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param file   the file to write
      * @param data   the content to write to the file
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
index cb7efa7b2f2..41c026b2fb1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
      * data array are dumped.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param data  the byte array to be dumped
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index aac71be0fa5..52eb5c971fc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -1269,7 +1269,7 @@ public static long copy(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream output
 
     /**
      * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
-     * {@link Writer} using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * {@link Writer} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
      * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
@@ -1421,8 +1421,8 @@ public static long copy(final Reader reader, final Appendable output, final Char
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset},
-     * and calling flush.
+     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default
+     * charset}, and calling flush.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
@@ -2319,7 +2319,7 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final CharSequence csq) throws UncheckedIOE
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings,
-     * one entry per line, using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * one entry per line, using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
      * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
@@ -2967,7 +2967,7 @@ static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer>
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
      * {@link BufferedReader}.
@@ -3032,7 +3032,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final Reader reader, final String charsetName)
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of a {@link String} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This is the same as {@link String#getBytes()}.
      * </p>
@@ -3093,7 +3093,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final URLConnection urlConnection) throws IOExc
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
      * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
@@ -3178,7 +3178,7 @@ public static char[] toCharArray(final Reader reader) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param input the CharSequence to convert.
      * @return an input stream.
@@ -3223,7 +3223,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final CharSequence input, final String c
 
     /**
      * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param input the string to convert.
      * @return an input stream.
@@ -3268,7 +3268,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final String input, final String charset
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of a {@code byte[]} as a String
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param input the byte array to read.
      * @return the requested String.
@@ -3300,7 +3300,7 @@ public static String toString(final byte[] input, final String charsetName) {
 
     /**
      * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
      * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
@@ -3429,7 +3429,7 @@ public static String toString(final Reader reader) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents at the given URI using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents at the given URI using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param uri The URI source.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
@@ -3470,7 +3470,7 @@ public static String toString(final URI uri, final String charsetName) throws IO
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents at the given URL using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents at the given URL using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param url The URL source.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
@@ -3528,7 +3528,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output)
 
     /**
      * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#String(byte[])}.
      * </p>
@@ -3591,7 +3591,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final Writer writer, final String ch
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@code char[]} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param data   the char array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored.
@@ -3742,7 +3742,7 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final Writer writer) throws IO
 
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes()}.
      * </p>
@@ -3941,7 +3941,7 @@ public static void writeChunked(final char[] data, final Writer writer) throws I
 
     /**
      * Writes the {@link #toString()} value of each item in a collection to an {@link OutputStream} line by line, using the virtual machine's
-     * {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} and the specified line ending.
+     * {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} and the specified line ending.
      *
      * @param lines      the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines.
      * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, null is system default.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetDecoders.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetDecoders.java
index 8595be79e8a..a8aa9a3d50b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetDecoders.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetDecoders.java
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public final class CharsetDecoders {
     /**
      * Returns the given non-null CharsetDecoder or a new default CharsetDecoder.
      * <p>
-     * Null input maps to the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} decoder.
+     * Null input maps to the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} decoder.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param charsetDecoder The CharsetDecoder to test.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetEncoders.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetEncoders.java
index d0f9cd04be1..a1fff5cf1f3 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetEncoders.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/charset/CharsetEncoders.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ public final class CharsetEncoders {
     /**
      * Returns the given non-null CharsetEncoder or a new default CharsetEncoder.
      * <p>
-     * Null input maps to the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} decoder.
+     * Null input maps to the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} decoder.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param charsetEncoder The CharsetEncoder to test.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
index 79aa55d68c1..5868af39a32 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ public MagicNumberFileFilter(final String magicNumber) {
      * MagicNumberFileFilter tarFileFilter = MagicNumberFileFilter("ustar", 257);
      * </pre>
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param magicNumber the magic number to look for in the file.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
index 4d22d28f891..09d7bbaa1a8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
@@ -225,8 +225,8 @@ private ReaderInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs a new {@link ReaderInputStream} that uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} with a default input buffer
-     * size of {@value IOUtils#DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE} characters.
+     * Constructs a new {@link ReaderInputStream} that uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} with a default input
+     * buffer size of {@value IOUtils#DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE} characters.
      *
      * @param reader the target {@link Reader}
      * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
index f87b109abb9..e88606d9e76 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
@@ -354,7 +354,7 @@ private ReversedLinesFileReader(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with default block size of 4KB and the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with default block size of 4KB and the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param file the file to be read
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
index 4d9fe9c4751..620ba6febcd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
@@ -495,7 +495,7 @@ public String toString() {
     private static final String RAF_READ_ONLY_MODE = "r";
 
     /**
-     * The the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} used for reading files.
+     * The the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} used for reading files.
      */
     private static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.defaultCharset();
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
index 6b095474fb2..dc2de64a4a2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ protected <T extends InputStream> InputStream toInputStream(final InputStreamCon
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the current contents of this byte stream as a string using the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the current contents of this byte stream as a string using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @return the contents of the byte array as a String.
      * @see java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream#toString()
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/LockableFileWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/LockableFileWriter.java
index f15048e5c0e..1ee9391af8f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/LockableFileWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/LockableFileWriter.java
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ public LockableFileWriter(final File file, final boolean append) throws IOExcept
     /**
      * Constructs a LockableFileWriter.
      * <p>
-     * The new instance uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * The new instance uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param file    the file to write to, not null.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
index d17318f79b6..9292aaf70e8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
@@ -251,9 +251,9 @@ private WriterOutputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs a new {@link WriterOutputStream} that uses the virtual machine's {@link Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} and with a default output
-     * buffer size of {@value #BUFFER_SIZE} characters. The output buffer will only be flushed when it overflows or when {@link #flush()} or {@link #close()} is
-     * called.
+     * Constructs a new {@link WriterOutputStream} that uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} and with a default
+     * output buffer size of {@value #BUFFER_SIZE} characters. The output buffer will only be flushed when it overflows or when {@link #flush()} or
+     * {@link #close()} is called.
      *
      * @param writer the target {@link Writer}.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.

From c174b656695569f6817f0d877447ce9ec555d98b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2025 14:59:04 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 013/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 88 to 89

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index c356baf502a..10db84b657f 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>88</version>
+    <version>89</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 3bcc4145197..cec7600b7c5 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Add CloseShieldChannel to close-shielded NIO Channels #786.</action>
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Added IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize as a Java 8 backport of Objects.checkFromIndexSize #790.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 88 #774, #783.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 89 #774, #783.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.19.0.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">[test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.7 #769.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.18.0 to 3.19.0.</action>

From 806ada585296d5bd1043d581e133242c29072a7e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 8 Oct 2025 14:59:19 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 014/174] Fix typos

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index cec7600b7c5..302b397962e 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Deprecate IOUtils.readFully(InputStream, int) in favor of toByteArray(InputStream, int).</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
-      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">JIOUtils.toByteArray now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>

From 5ad31b0c1a3f670b2eac34747218a25d493d7bc8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2025 07:22:58 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 015/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 3.30.6 to 4.30.7
 (#797)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 3.30.6 to 4.30.7.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885...e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 4.30.7
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index db18ec4ae56..4d91dcc9f39 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 3b7d3020e33..0de672c8692 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@64d10c13136e1c5bce3e5fbde8d4906eeaafc885    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 12084ca7597f3e35f7d6d2cb8f6de646eab54f38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2025 07:23:56 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 016/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.7 to 1.17.8
 (#798)

Bumps `commons.bytebuddy.version` from 1.17.7 to 1.17.8.

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy` from 1.17.7 to 1.17.8
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.17.7...byte-buddy-1.17.8)

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent` from 1.17.7 to 1.17.8
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.17.7...byte-buddy-1.17.8)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy
  dependency-version: 1.17.8
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent
  dependency-version: 1.17.8
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 10db84b657f..2f2162f800e 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     </commons.osgi.import>
     <commons.scmPubUrl>https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</commons.scmPubUrl>
     <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
-    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.17.7</commons.bytebuddy.version>
+    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.17.8</commons.bytebuddy.version>
     <japicmp.skip>false</japicmp.skip>
     <commons.release.isDistModule>true</commons.release.isDistModule>
     <!-- JaCoCo: Don't make code coverage worse than: -->

From e19519ad1a61ec6852601d28ffe94a8967e4e3e0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 10 Oct 2025 06:58:55 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 017/174] [test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.7 to
 1.17.8

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 302b397962e..ecee3aeca01 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 89 #774, #783.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.19.0.</action>
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">[test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.7 #769.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">[test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.8 #769.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.18.0 to 3.19.0.</action>
       <!-- REMOVE -->
       <action type="remove" dev="pkarwasz"             due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Inline private constant field ProxyInputStream.exceptionHandler #780.</action>

From b95cbfa29df2928578a133b395a3e03dd05658fb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 11 Oct 2025 06:59:52 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 018/174] PMD: Discontinue using Rule name
 category/java/errorprone.xml/UselessOperationOnImmutable as it is scheduled
 for removal from PMD.

PMD 8.0.0 will remove support for this Rule.
---
 src/conf/maven-pmd-plugin.xml | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/conf/maven-pmd-plugin.xml b/src/conf/maven-pmd-plugin.xml
index 215ac295ede..9d51e182ff9 100644
--- a/src/conf/maven-pmd-plugin.xml
+++ b/src/conf/maven-pmd-plugin.xml
@@ -78,7 +78,6 @@ under the License.
     <rule ref="category/java/errorprone.xml/UnconditionalIfStatement" />
     <rule ref="category/java/errorprone.xml/UnnecessaryConversionTemporary" />
     <rule ref="category/java/errorprone.xml/UnusedNullCheckInEquals" />
-    <rule ref="category/java/errorprone.xml/UselessOperationOnImmutable" />
 
     <rule ref="category/java/multithreading.xml/AvoidThreadGroup" />
     <rule ref="category/java/multithreading.xml/DontCallThreadRun" />

From 2542ebc485b095931bb9215a1715554a2bfd77de Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 20:58:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 019/174] Fixes interface discovery in `CloseShieldChannel`
 (#800)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

This PR is split from #799.

The `CloseShieldChannel` implementation only inspects interfaces **directly** implemented by the given channel’s class, ignoring those inherited from its superclasses.
As a result, proxies for types such as `FileChannel` does not expose any of the interfaces declared on `FileChannel` itself.
---
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java       | 10 +++++---
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java   | 24 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 31 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
index a9a462da73b..bde0feb25cc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
@@ -40,11 +40,15 @@ public final class CloseShieldChannel {
     private static final Class<?>[] EMPTY = {};
 
     private static Set<Class<?>> collectChannelInterfaces(final Class<?> type, final Set<Class<?>> out) {
+        Class<?> currentType = type;
         // Visit interfaces
-        for (final Class<?> iface : type.getInterfaces()) {
-            if (Channel.class.isAssignableFrom(iface) && out.add(iface)) {
-                collectChannelInterfaces(iface, out);
+        while (currentType != null) {
+            for (final Class<?> iface : currentType.getInterfaces()) {
+                if (Channel.class.isAssignableFrom(iface) && out.add(iface)) {
+                    collectChannelInterfaces(iface, out);
+                }
             }
+            currentType = currentType.getSuperclass();
         }
         return out;
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
index ac7e85b7a89..42a23f0af1c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
@@ -32,11 +33,13 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.verifyNoMoreInteractions;
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
+import java.io.IOException;
 import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.ByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.Channel;
 import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
+import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.MulticastChannel;
@@ -45,9 +48,12 @@
 import java.nio.channels.ScatteringByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel;
+import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
+import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
 
@@ -280,4 +286,22 @@ void testWritableByteChannelMethods() throws Exception {
         assertThrows(ClosedChannelException.class, () -> shield.write(null));
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(channel);
     }
+
+    @Test
+    void testCorrectlyDetectsInterfaces(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
+        FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
+        try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
+            assertInstanceOf(SeekableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(GatheringByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(WritableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ScatteringByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ReadableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(InterruptibleChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(Channel.class, shield);
+            // These are not interfaces, so can not be implemented
+            assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
+        }
+    }
 }

From a0a6db8d55928b02888351fe40257bcd0d871095 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 15:00:55 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 020/174] Fix interface discovery in `CloseShieldChannel` #800

Sort members
---
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  1 +
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java   | 36 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index ecee3aeca01..ead8994de83 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Fix interface discovery in `CloseShieldChannel` #800.</action> 
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
index 42a23f0af1c..47d04df95d6 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
@@ -119,6 +119,24 @@ void testCloseIsShielded(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exc
         verify(channel, times(2)).isOpen();
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testCorrectlyDetectsInterfaces(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
+        FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
+        try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
+            assertInstanceOf(SeekableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(GatheringByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(WritableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ScatteringByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ReadableByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(InterruptibleChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(ByteChannel.class, shield);
+            assertInstanceOf(Channel.class, shield);
+            // These are not interfaces, so can not be implemented
+            assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testDoesNotDoubleWrap() {
         final ByteChannel channel = mock(ByteChannel.class);
@@ -286,22 +304,4 @@ void testWritableByteChannelMethods() throws Exception {
         assertThrows(ClosedChannelException.class, () -> shield.write(null));
         verifyNoMoreInteractions(channel);
     }
-
-    @Test
-    void testCorrectlyDetectsInterfaces(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
-        final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
-        FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
-        try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
-            assertInstanceOf(SeekableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(GatheringByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(WritableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ScatteringByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ReadableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(InterruptibleChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(Channel.class, shield);
-            // These are not interfaces, so can not be implemented
-            assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
-        }
-    }
 }

From 5c6a2e60b9a2b1aecf6765f8dfceebc9d58153f9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 15:01:43 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 021/174] Don't need need this entry since we have one already
 for the new class

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index ead8994de83..ecee3aeca01 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -56,7 +56,6 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
-      <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Fix interface discovery in `CloseShieldChannel` #800.</action> 
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>

From f51d19cabad7b8c67e2992a2ab22465658249485 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 14 Oct 2025 15:02:23 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 022/174] Sort members

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   |  12 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java  |  12 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 184 +++++++++---------
 .../UnsynchronizedBufferedReaderTest.java     |  54 ++---
 4 files changed, 131 insertions(+), 131 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 52eb5c971fc..a1f9b0709a2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -500,6 +500,12 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final char[] array, final int off, final i
         checkFromIndexSize(off, len, Objects.requireNonNull(array, "char array").length);
     }
 
+    static void checkFromIndexSize(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLength) {
+        if ((off | len | arrayLength) < 0 || arrayLength - len < off) {
+            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(String.format("Range [%s, %<s + %s) out of bounds for length %s", off, len, arrayLength));
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-range {@code [off, off + len)} is within the bounds of the given string.
      *
@@ -536,12 +542,6 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final String str, final int off, final int
         checkFromIndexSize(off, len, Objects.requireNonNull(str, "str").length());
     }
 
-    static void checkFromIndexSize(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLength) {
-        if ((off | len | arrayLength) < 0 || arrayLength - len < off) {
-            throw new IndexOutOfBoundsException(String.format("Range [%s, %<s + %s) out of bounds for length %s", off, len, arrayLength));
-        }
-    }
-
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-sequence {@code [fromIndex, toIndex)} is within the bounds of the given {@link CharSequence}.
      *
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
index ced4b106638..ba9065d4f31 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
@@ -170,9 +170,15 @@ List<File> list(final File startDirectory) throws IOException {
      */
     private static final ListDirectoryWalker LIST_WALKER = new ListDirectoryWalker();
 
+    private static void setDosReadOnly(Path p, boolean readOnly) throws IOException {
+        if (Files.getFileStore(p).supportsFileAttributeView(DosFileAttributeView.class)) {
+            Files.setAttribute(p, "dos:readonly", readOnly, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
+        }
+    }
     private File testFile1;
     private File testFile2;
     private long testFile1Size;
+
     private long testFile2Size;
 
     private void assertContentMatchesAfterCopyURLToFileFor(final String resourceName, final File destination) throws IOException {
@@ -1758,12 +1764,6 @@ void testForceDeleteReadOnlyFile() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
-    private static void setDosReadOnly(Path p, boolean readOnly) throws IOException {
-        if (Files.getFileStore(p).supportsFileAttributeView(DosFileAttributeView.class)) {
-            Files.setAttribute(p, "dos:readonly", readOnly, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test
     public void testForceDeleteSymlink() throws Exception {
         final ImmutablePair<Path, Path> pair = createTempSymbolicLinkedRelativeDir();
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 8a830ec316a..e9fed5c0c0e 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -138,6 +138,71 @@ public static void beforeAll() {
         IO.clear();
     }
 
+    static Stream<Arguments> invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider() {
+        final InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[10]);
+        final byte[] b = new byte[10];
+        return Stream.of(
+            // input is null
+            Arguments.of(null, b, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
+            // b is null
+            Arguments.of(input, null, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
+            // off is negative
+            Arguments.of(input, b, -1, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // len is negative
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 0, -1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // off + len is too big
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 1, 10, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
+            // off + len is too big
+            Arguments.of(input, b, 10, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(-1, 0, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, -1, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 0, -1),
+                // off + len > arrayLength
+                Arguments.of(1, 42, 42),
+                Arguments.of(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1, Integer.MAX_VALUE)
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                // Valid cases
+                Arguments.of(0, 0, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 1, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 42, 42),
+                Arguments.of(41, 1, 42),
+                Arguments.of(42, 0, 42)
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                Arguments.of(-1, 0, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, -1, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 0, -1),
+                // from > to
+                Arguments.of(1, 0, 42),
+                // to > arrayLength
+                Arguments.of(0, 43, 42),
+                Arguments.of(1, 43, 42)
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromToIndexValidCases() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                // Valid cases
+                Arguments.of(0, 0, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 1, 42),
+                Arguments.of(0, 42, 42),
+                Arguments.of(41, 42, 42),
+                Arguments.of(42, 42, 42)
+        );
+    }
+
     private static Stream<Arguments> testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Succeeds() {
         final byte[] data = new byte[1024];
         for (int i = 0; i < 1024; i++) {
@@ -354,34 +419,6 @@ void testByteArrayWithNegativeSize() {
         assertThrows(NegativeArraySizeException.class, () -> IOUtils.byteArray(-1));
     }
 
-    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases() {
-        return Stream.of(
-                // Valid cases
-                Arguments.of(0, 0, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 1, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 42, 42),
-                Arguments.of(41, 1, 42),
-                Arguments.of(42, 0, 42)
-        );
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
-        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(off, len, arrayLength));
-    }
-
-    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases() {
-        return Stream.of(
-                Arguments.of(-1, 0, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, -1, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 0, -1),
-                // off + len > arrayLength
-                Arguments.of(1, 42, 42),
-                Arguments.of(Integer.MAX_VALUE, 1, Integer.MAX_VALUE)
-        );
-    }
-
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
     void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
@@ -402,34 +439,10 @@ void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
         }
     }
 
-    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromToIndexValidCases() {
-        return Stream.of(
-                // Valid cases
-                Arguments.of(0, 0, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 1, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 42, 42),
-                Arguments.of(41, 42, 42),
-                Arguments.of(42, 42, 42)
-        );
-    }
-
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromToIndexValidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
-        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromToIndex(from, to, arrayLength));
-    }
-
-    static Stream<Arguments> testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases() {
-        return Stream.of(
-                Arguments.of(-1, 0, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, -1, 42),
-                Arguments.of(0, 0, -1),
-                // from > to
-                Arguments.of(1, 0, 42),
-                // to > arrayLength
-                Arguments.of(0, 43, 42),
-                Arguments.of(1, 43, 42)
-        );
+    void testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(off, len, arrayLength));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
@@ -452,6 +465,12 @@ void testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
         }
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource
+    void testCheckFromToIndexValidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromToIndex(from, to, arrayLength));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testClose() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.close((Closeable) null));
@@ -1147,6 +1166,12 @@ void testCopyLarge_SkipWithInvalidOffset() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
+    void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testRead_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
         final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(FILE_SIZE);
@@ -1164,31 +1189,6 @@ void testRead_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
-    static Stream<Arguments> invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider() {
-        final InputStream input = new ByteArrayInputStream(new byte[10]);
-        final byte[] b = new byte[10];
-        return Stream.of(
-            // input is null
-            Arguments.of(null, b, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
-            // b is null
-            Arguments.of(input, null, 0, 1, NullPointerException.class),
-            // off is negative
-            Arguments.of(input, b, -1, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
-            // len is negative
-            Arguments.of(input, b, 0, -1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
-            // off + len is too big
-            Arguments.of(input, b, 1, 10, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class),
-            // off + len is too big
-            Arguments.of(input, b, 10, 1, IndexOutOfBoundsException.class)
-        );
-    }
-
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
-    void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
-        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testReadFully_InputStream__ReturnByteArray() throws Exception {
         final byte[] bytes = "abcd1234".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
@@ -1221,6 +1221,12 @@ void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset() throws Exception {
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
     }
 
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
+    void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testReadFully_ReadableByteChannel() throws Exception {
         final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(FILE_SIZE);
@@ -1265,12 +1271,6 @@ void testReadFully_Reader_Offset() throws Exception {
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
     }
 
-    @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
-    void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
-        assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testReadLines_CharSequence() throws IOException {
         final File file = TestUtils.newFile(temporaryFolder, "lines.txt");
@@ -1745,13 +1745,6 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_Truncated() throws Exception {
-        try (InputStream in = new NullInputStream(0)) {
-            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, 1));
-        }
-    }
-
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Succeeds(final byte[] data, final int size, final int bufferSize) throws IOException {
@@ -1770,6 +1763,13 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_BufferSize_Throws(
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testToByteArray_InputStream_Size_Truncated() throws Exception {
+        try (InputStream in = new NullInputStream(0)) {
+            assertThrows(EOFException.class, () -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, 1));
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_SizeIllegal() throws Exception {
         try (InputStream fin = Files.newInputStream(testFilePath)) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReaderTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReaderTest.java
index a144bc418d0..2a2b21a22ad 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReaderTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReaderTest.java
@@ -347,6 +347,33 @@ void testRead() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testReadArray_HARMONY_54() throws IOException {
+        // Regression for HARMONY-54
+        final char[] ch = {};
+        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
+        final UnsynchronizedBufferedReader reader = new UnsynchronizedBufferedReader(new CharArrayReader(ch));
+        // Check exception thrown when the reader is open.
+        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> reader.read(null, 1, 0));
+
+        // Now check IOException is thrown in preference to
+        // NullPointerexception when the reader is closed.
+        reader.close();
+        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> reader.read(null, 1, 0));
+
+        // And check that the IOException is thrown before
+        // ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException
+        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> reader.read(ch, 0, 42));
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testReadArray_HARMONY_831() throws IOException {
+        // regression for HARMONY-831
+        try (Reader reader = new UnsynchronizedBufferedReader(new PipedReader(), 9)) {
+            assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> reader.read(new char[] {}, 7, 0));
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * Tests {@link UnsynchronizedBufferedReader#read(char[], int, int)}.
      *
@@ -437,33 +464,6 @@ public boolean ready() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void testReadArray_HARMONY_831() throws IOException {
-        // regression for HARMONY-831
-        try (Reader reader = new UnsynchronizedBufferedReader(new PipedReader(), 9)) {
-            assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> reader.read(new char[] {}, 7, 0));
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void testReadArray_HARMONY_54() throws IOException {
-        // Regression for HARMONY-54
-        final char[] ch = {};
-        @SuppressWarnings("resource")
-        final UnsynchronizedBufferedReader reader = new UnsynchronizedBufferedReader(new CharArrayReader(ch));
-        // Check exception thrown when the reader is open.
-        assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> reader.read(null, 1, 0));
-
-        // Now check IOException is thrown in preference to
-        // NullPointerexception when the reader is closed.
-        reader.close();
-        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> reader.read(null, 1, 0));
-
-        // And check that the IOException is thrown before
-        // ArrayIndexOutOfBoundException
-        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> reader.read(ch, 0, 42));
-    }
-
     /**
      * Tests {@link UnsynchronizedBufferedReader#read(char[], int, int)}.
      *

From 08573a672d6b24f6340e7111324a85d15c1542ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 16:02:39 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 023/174] Fixes issues in `CloseShieldChannel` (#799)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

* Fixes issues in `CloseShieldChannel`

Two bugs in the `CloseShieldChannel` helper make it unreliable in practice:

1. **Type-erasure bug in `T wrap(T)`**
   The method signature only works correctly when `T` is an **interface** extending `Channel`.
   Since Java’s type system doesn’t allow constraining `T` to “interface types only,” this could lead to unexpected runtime `ClassCastException`s even though the code compiles successfully.

2. **Incomplete interface discovery**
   The implementation only inspected interfaces **directly** implemented by the given channel’s class, ignoring those inherited from its superclasses.
   As a result, proxies for types such as `FileChannel` did not expose any of the interfaces declared on `FileChannel` itself.

#### Fixes

This PR addresses both issues:

* **Reworks the API signature**

  * Replaces `T wrap(T)` with its erasure: `Channel wrap(Channel)`.
  * Introduces a new overload: `T wrap(T, Class<T>)`, which allows callers to explicitly specify the interface type they expect.
    This version fails fast with a clear `IllegalArgumentException` if the provided type is not an interface, instead of allowing a `ClassCastException` later.

* **Improves interface collection logic**

  * Updates the implementation to include interfaces declared on superclasses, ensuring all relevant `Channel` interfaces are correctly proxied.

* Fixes interface discovery in `CloseShieldChannel`

This PR is split from #799.

The `CloseShieldChannel` implementation only inspects interfaces **directly** implemented by the given channel’s class, ignoring those inherited from its superclasses.
As a result, proxies for types such as `FileChannel` does not expose any of the interfaces declared on `FileChannel` itself.

* fix: add overloads for commons channel types

* fix: add `ByteChannel` overload to resolve ambiguity

* fix: Limit interfaces to those verified.

* fix: rollback previous test

* fix: Restore generic method
---
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java       | 35 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java   | 31 ++++++++++++++++
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java   |  5 ---
 3 files changed, 61 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
index bde0feb25cc..ba890d8a6a7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannel.java
@@ -19,7 +19,16 @@
 
 import java.io.Closeable;
 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
+import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.Channel;
+import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.NetworkChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ScatteringByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel;
 import java.util.LinkedHashSet;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.Set;
@@ -27,9 +36,23 @@
 /**
  * Creates a close-shielding proxy for a {@link Channel}.
  *
- * <p>
- * The returned proxy will implement all {@link Channel} sub-interfaces that the delegate implements.
- * </p>
+ * <p>The returned proxy implements all {@link Channel} sub-interfaces that are both supported by this implementation and actually implemented by the given
+ * delegate.</p>
+ *
+ * <p>The following interfaces are supported:</p>
+ *
+ * <ul>
+ * <li>{@link AsynchronousChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link ByteChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link Channel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link GatheringByteChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link InterruptibleChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link NetworkChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link ReadableByteChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link ScatteringByteChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link SeekableByteChannel}</li>
+ * <li>{@link WritableByteChannel}</li>
+ * </ul>
  *
  * @see Channel
  * @see Closeable
@@ -44,7 +67,7 @@ private static Set<Class<?>> collectChannelInterfaces(final Class<?> type, final
         // Visit interfaces
         while (currentType != null) {
             for (final Class<?> iface : currentType.getInterfaces()) {
-                if (Channel.class.isAssignableFrom(iface) && out.add(iface)) {
+                if (CloseShieldChannelHandler.isSupported(iface) && out.add(iface)) {
                     collectChannelInterfaces(iface, out);
                 }
             }
@@ -57,8 +80,10 @@ private static Set<Class<?>> collectChannelInterfaces(final Class<?> type, final
      * Wraps a channel to shield it from being closed.
      *
      * @param channel The underlying channel to shield, not {@code null}.
-     * @param <T>     Any Channel type (interface or class).
+     * @param <T>     A supported channel type.
      * @return A proxy that shields {@code close()} and enforces closed semantics on other calls.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if {@code T} is not a supported channel type.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code channel} is {@code null}.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings({ "unchecked", "resource" }) // caller closes
     public static <T extends Channel> T wrap(final T channel) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
index f13b101c197..a7f3d3694f1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
@@ -21,14 +21,45 @@
 import java.lang.reflect.InvocationTargetException;
 import java.lang.reflect.Method;
 import java.lang.reflect.Proxy;
+import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.Channel;
 import java.nio.channels.ClosedChannelException;
+import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.NetworkChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.ScatteringByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
+import java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel;
+import java.util.Collections;
+import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 final class CloseShieldChannelHandler implements InvocationHandler {
 
+    private static final Set<Class<?>> SUPPORTED_INTERFACES;
+
+    static {
+        final Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
+        interfaces.add(AsynchronousChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(ByteChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(Channel.class);
+        interfaces.add(GatheringByteChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(InterruptibleChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(NetworkChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(ReadableByteChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(ScatteringByteChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(SeekableByteChannel.class);
+        interfaces.add(WritableByteChannel.class);
+        SUPPORTED_INTERFACES = Collections.unmodifiableSet(interfaces);
+    }
+
+    static boolean isSupported(final Class<?> interfaceClass) {
+        return SUPPORTED_INTERFACES.contains(interfaceClass);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Tests whether the given method is allowed to be called after the shield is closed.
      *
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
index 47d04df95d6..1f448f42cc2 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
@@ -34,7 +34,6 @@
 import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
-import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.AsynchronousChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.ByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.Channel;
@@ -42,7 +41,6 @@
 import java.nio.channels.FileChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.GatheringByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.InterruptibleChannel;
-import java.nio.channels.MulticastChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.NetworkChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.ReadableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.ScatteringByteChannel;
@@ -65,14 +63,11 @@ class CloseShieldChannelTest {
     static Stream<Class<? extends Channel>> testedInterfaces() {
         // @formatter:off
         return Stream.of(
-                AsynchronousByteChannel.class,
                 AsynchronousChannel.class,
                 ByteChannel.class,
                 Channel.class,
                 GatheringByteChannel.class,
                 InterruptibleChannel.class,
-                MulticastChannel.class,
-                NetworkChannel.class,
                 NetworkChannel.class,
                 ReadableByteChannel.class,
                 ScatteringByteChannel.class,

From 13c52f99be0cfc604080723ac96e2ad10b9bcf36 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 10:11:34 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 024/174] More precise generics for
 CloseShieldChannelHandler.SUPPORTED_INTERFACES

---
 .../apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
index a7f3d3694f1..919b86d7ceb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
@@ -39,10 +39,10 @@
 
 final class CloseShieldChannelHandler implements InvocationHandler {
 
-    private static final Set<Class<?>> SUPPORTED_INTERFACES;
+    private static final Set<Class<? extends Channel>> SUPPORTED_INTERFACES;
 
     static {
-        final Set<Class<?>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
+        final Set<Class<? extends Channel>> interfaces = new HashSet<>();
         interfaces.add(AsynchronousChannel.class);
         interfaces.add(ByteChannel.class);
         interfaces.add(Channel.class);

From c28dc1bdc28cc3a47ca3a897ce31cac1fc9592c2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 10:25:58 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 025/174] Minor refactoring in CloseShieldChannelTest

---
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java   | 45 ++++++++++---------
 1 file changed, 25 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
index 1f448f42cc2..b21a5b8153b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
@@ -47,9 +47,11 @@
 import java.nio.channels.SeekableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.channels.WritableByteChannel;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
+import java.util.List;
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.ClassUtils;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
 import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
@@ -60,7 +62,10 @@
  */
 class CloseShieldChannelTest {
 
-    static Stream<Class<? extends Channel>> testedInterfaces() {
+    /**
+     * JRE {@link Channel} interfaces.
+     */
+    static Stream<Class<? extends Channel>> channelInterfaces() {
         // @formatter:off
         return Stream.of(
                 AsynchronousChannel.class,
@@ -76,8 +81,15 @@ static Stream<Class<? extends Channel>> testedInterfaces() {
         // @formatter:on
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets all interfaces implemented by the class {@link FileChannel}.
+     */
+    static List<Class<?>> fileChannelInterfaces() {
+        return ClassUtils.getAllInterfaces(FileChannel.class);
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testCloseDoesNotCloseDelegate(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
@@ -86,7 +98,7 @@ void testCloseDoesNotCloseDelegate(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass)
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testCloseIsIdempotent(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
@@ -98,9 +110,9 @@ void testCloseIsIdempotent(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws E
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
-    void testCloseIsShielded(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
-        final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
+    void testCloseIsShielded(final Class<? extends Channel> channelInterface) throws Exception {
+        final Channel channel = mock(channelInterface);
         when(channel.isOpen()).thenReturn(true, false, true, false);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
         // Reflects delegate state initially
@@ -115,19 +127,12 @@ void testCloseIsShielded(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exc
     }
 
     @Test
-    void testCorrectlyDetectsInterfaces(@TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+    void testWrapFileChannel(final @TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
         final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
         FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
         try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
-            assertInstanceOf(SeekableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(GatheringByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(WritableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ScatteringByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ReadableByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(InterruptibleChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(ByteChannel.class, shield);
-            assertInstanceOf(Channel.class, shield);
-            // These are not interfaces, so can not be implemented
+            fileChannelInterfaces().forEach(iface -> assertInstanceOf(iface, shield));
+            // FileChannel is not an interface, so can not be implemented.
             assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
         }
     }
@@ -141,7 +146,7 @@ void testDoesNotDoubleWrap() {
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testEquals(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
@@ -168,7 +173,7 @@ void testGatheringByteChannelMethods() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testHashCode(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
@@ -208,7 +213,7 @@ void testNetworkChannelMethods() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testPreservesInterfaces(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         final Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel);
@@ -275,7 +280,7 @@ void testSeekableByteChannelMethods() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
-    @MethodSource("testedInterfaces")
+    @MethodSource("channelInterfaces")
     void testToString(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception {
         final Channel channel = mock(channelClass);
         when(channel.toString()).thenReturn("MyChannel");

From 5a5c6aee83347bd90cc60a5bfe4645f1d9e7f28f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:30:46 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 026/174] Bump actions/dependency-review-action from 4.8.0 to
 4.8.1 (#802)

Bumps [actions/dependency-review-action](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action) from 4.8.0 to 4.8.1.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/compare/56339e523c0409420f6c2c9a2f4292bbb3c07dd3...40c09b7dc99638e5ddb0bfd91c1673effc064d8a)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/dependency-review-action
  dependency-version: 4.8.1
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index edfe8756642..a657a4ae2cd 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
-        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@56339e523c0409420f6c2c9a2f4292bbb3c07dd3 # v4.8.0
+        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@40c09b7dc99638e5ddb0bfd91c1673effc064d8a # v4.8.1

From 3c5166e34e19efe35b522badd08e5e7960d9c49e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 16 Oct 2025 20:31:36 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 027/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.30.7 to 4.30.8
 (#803)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 4.30.7 to 4.30.8.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5...f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 4.30.8
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 4d91dcc9f39..ea037c8f839 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 0de672c8692..77678628b08 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@e296a935590eb16afc0c0108289f68c87e2a89a5    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From f76ee129d348f04c540d205856853e587ae22766 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 15:23:57 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 028/174] Fix concurrency issue in `IOUtils.skip` (#801)

* Fix concurrency issue in `IOUtils.skip`

This patch addresses a concurrency problem in `IOUtils.skip`, as reported in [COMPRESS-666](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/COMPRESS-666) and [COMPRESS-697](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/COMPRESS-697).

Previously, `IOUtils.skip` relied on `InputStream#read` to skip bytes, using a buffer shared across **all** threads. Although `IOUtils.skip` itself does not consume the data read, certain `InputStream` implementations (e.g. `ChecksumInputStream`) may process that data internally.

In concurrent scenarios, this shared buffer could be overwritten by another thread between the `read` and the subsequent internal processing (such as checksum calculation), leading to incorrect behavior.

This change reverts commit c12eaff7f747353a7a9a97df735fd3301f42e313 and restores the use of a **per-thread buffer** in `IOUtils.skip`, ensuring thread safety and correct behavior in concurrent environments.

* Adds a reentrancy guard to the thread-local pool

* Apply suggestion from @Copilot (1)

Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

* Apply suggestions from @Copilot (2)

Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>

---------

Co-authored-by: Copilot <175728472+Copilot@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |   1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java |  18 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 273 ++++++++++--------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java     |  65 +++--
 .../commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java     | 212 ++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 419 insertions(+), 150 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index ecee3aeca01..3aa41940132 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Fix IOUtils.skip() usage in concurrent scenarios.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index e22adef83be..fdb137d2039 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -278,14 +278,18 @@ public static int copy(
             final Reader input,
             final Writer output)
                 throws IOException {
-        final char[] buffer = IOUtils.getScratchCharArray();
-        int count = 0;
-        int n;
-        while (EOF != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
-            output.write(buffer, 0, n);
-            count += n;
+        final char[] buffer = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            int count = 0;
+            int n;
+            while (EOF != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
+                output.write(buffer, 0, n);
+                count += n;
+            }
+            return count;
+        } finally {
+            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
         }
-        return count;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index a1f9b0709a2..717be4b49bf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -132,6 +132,94 @@ public class IOUtils {
     // Writer. Each method should take at least one of these as a parameter,
     // or return one of them.
 
+    /**
+     * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffers.
+     *
+     * <p>Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer
+     * is allocated to avoid data corruption.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Typical usage:</p>
+     *
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+     * try {
+     *     // use the buffer
+     * } finally {
+     *     ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+     * }
+     * }</pre>
+     */
+    static final class ScratchBufferHolder {
+
+        /**
+         * Holder for internal byte array buffer.
+         */
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, byteArray() });
+
+        /**
+         * Holder for internal char array buffer.
+         */
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, charArray() });
+
+
+        /**
+         * Gets the internal byte array buffer.
+         *
+         * @return the internal byte array buffer.
+         */
+        static byte[] getScratchByteArray() {
+            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
+            // If already in use, return a new array
+            if ((boolean) holder[0]) {
+                return byteArray();
+            }
+            holder[0] = true;
+            return (byte[]) holder[1];
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * Gets the char array buffer.
+         *
+         * @return the char array buffer.
+         */
+        static char[] getScratchCharArray() {
+            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
+            // If already in use, return a new array
+            if ((boolean) holder[0]) {
+                return charArray();
+            }
+            holder[0] = true;
+            return (char[]) holder[1];
+        }
+
+
+        /**
+         * If the argument is the internal byte array, release it for reuse.
+         *
+         * @param array the byte array to release.
+         */
+        static void releaseScratchByteArray(byte[] array) {
+            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
+            if (array == holder[1]) {
+                Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 0);
+                holder[0] = false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /**
+         * If the argument is the internal char array, release it for reuse.
+         *
+         * @param array the char array to release.
+         */
+        static void releaseScratchCharArray(char[] array) {
+            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
+            if (array == holder[1]) {
+                Arrays.fill(array, (char) 0);
+                holder[0] = false;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
     /**
      * CR char '{@value}'.
      *
@@ -201,26 +289,6 @@ public class IOUtils {
      */
     public static final String LINE_SEPARATOR_WINDOWS = StandardLineSeparator.CRLF.getString();
 
-    /**
-     * Internal byte array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     */
-    private static final ThreadLocal<byte[]> SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_RW = ThreadLocal.withInitial(IOUtils::byteArray);
-
-    /**
-     * Internal byte array buffer, intended for write only operations.
-     */
-    private static final byte[] SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_WO = byteArray();
-
-    /**
-     * Internal char array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     */
-    private static final ThreadLocal<char[]> SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_RW = ThreadLocal.withInitial(IOUtils::charArray);
-
-    /**
-     * Internal char array buffer, intended for write only operations.
-     */
-    private static final char[] SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_WO = charArray();
-
     /**
      * The maximum size of an array in many Java VMs.
      * <p>
@@ -592,10 +660,8 @@ static void checkFromToIndex(final int fromIndex, final int toIndex, final int l
      * @see IO#clear()
      */
     static void clear() {
-        SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_RW.remove();
-        SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_RW.remove();
-        Arrays.fill(SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_WO, (byte) 0);
-        Arrays.fill(SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_WO, (char) 0);
+        ScratchBufferHolder.SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.remove();
+        ScratchBufferHolder.SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.remove();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1139,39 +1205,43 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) th
         }
 
         // reuse one
-        final char[] array1 = getScratchCharArray();
+        final char[] array1 = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
         // but allocate another
         final char[] array2 = charArray();
         int pos1;
         int pos2;
         int count1;
         int count2;
-        while (true) {
-            pos1 = 0;
-            pos2 = 0;
-            for (int index = 0; index < DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; index++) {
-                if (pos1 == index) {
-                    do {
-                        count1 = input1.read(array1, pos1, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos1);
-                    } while (count1 == 0);
-                    if (count1 == EOF) {
-                        return pos2 == index && input2.read() == EOF;
+        try {
+            while (true) {
+                pos1 = 0;
+                pos2 = 0;
+                for (int index = 0; index < DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; index++) {
+                    if (pos1 == index) {
+                        do {
+                            count1 = input1.read(array1, pos1, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos1);
+                        } while (count1 == 0);
+                        if (count1 == EOF) {
+                            return pos2 == index && input2.read() == EOF;
+                        }
+                        pos1 += count1;
                     }
-                    pos1 += count1;
-                }
-                if (pos2 == index) {
-                    do {
-                        count2 = input2.read(array2, pos2, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos2);
-                    } while (count2 == 0);
-                    if (count2 == EOF) {
-                        return pos1 == index && input1.read() == EOF;
+                    if (pos2 == index) {
+                        do {
+                            count2 = input2.read(array2, pos2, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos2);
+                        } while (count2 == 0);
+                        if (count2 == EOF) {
+                            return pos1 == index && input1.read() == EOF;
+                        }
+                        pos2 += count2;
+                    }
+                    if (array1[index] != array2[index]) {
+                        return false;
                     }
-                    pos2 += count2;
-                }
-                if (array1[index] != array2[index]) {
-                    return false;
                 }
             }
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array1);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1651,9 +1721,13 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream o
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output, final long inputOffset,
-                                 final long length) throws IOException {
-        return copyLarge(input, output, inputOffset, length, getScratchByteArray());
+    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output, final long inputOffset, final long length) throws IOException {
+        final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+        try {
+            return copyLarge(input, output, inputOffset, length, buffer);
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1723,7 +1797,12 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output,
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer) throws IOException {
-        return copyLarge(reader, writer, getScratchCharArray());
+        final char[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            return copyLarge(reader, writer, buffer);
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1770,7 +1849,12 @@ public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final cha
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final long inputOffset, final long length) throws IOException {
-        return copyLarge(reader, writer, inputOffset, length, getScratchCharArray());
+        final char[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            return copyLarge(reader, writer, inputOffset, length, buffer);
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1837,64 +1921,6 @@ static UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream copyToOutputStream(
         }
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Fills the given array with 0s.
-     *
-     * @param arr The non-null array to fill.
-     * @return The given array.
-     */
-    private static byte[] fill0(final byte[] arr) {
-        Arrays.fill(arr, (byte) 0);
-        return arr;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Fills the given array with 0s.
-     *
-     * @param arr The non-null array to fill.
-     * @return The given array.
-     */
-    private static char[] fill0(final char[] arr) {
-        Arrays.fill(arr, (char) 0);
-        return arr;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the internal byte array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     *
-     * @return the internal byte array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     */
-    static byte[] getScratchByteArray() {
-        return fill0(SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_RW.get());
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the internal byte array intended for write only operations.
-     *
-     * @return the internal byte array intended for write only operations.
-     */
-    static byte[] getScratchByteArrayWriteOnly() {
-        return fill0(SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_WO);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the char byte array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     *
-     * @return the char byte array buffer, intended for both reading and writing.
-     */
-    static char[] getScratchCharArray() {
-        return fill0(SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_RW.get());
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Gets the internal char array intended for write only operations.
-     *
-     * @return the internal char array intended for write only operations.
-     */
-    static char[] getScratchCharArrayWriteOnly() {
-        return fill0(SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_WO);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Returns the length of the given array in a null-safe manner.
      *
@@ -2527,7 +2553,12 @@ public static URL resourceToURL(final String name, final ClassLoader classLoader
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static long skip(final InputStream input, final long skip) throws IOException {
-        return skip(input, skip, IOUtils::getScratchByteArrayWriteOnly);
+        final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+        try {
+            return skip(input, skip, () -> buffer);
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -2634,14 +2665,18 @@ public static long skip(final Reader reader, final long toSkip) throws IOExcepti
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Skip count must be non-negative, actual: " + toSkip);
         }
         long remain = toSkip;
-        while (remain > 0) {
-            // See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-203 for why we use read() rather than delegating to skip()
-            final char[] charArray = getScratchCharArrayWriteOnly();
-            final long n = reader.read(charArray, 0, (int) Math.min(remain, charArray.length));
-            if (n < 0) { // EOF
-                break;
+        final char[] charArray = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            while (remain > 0) {
+                // See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-203 for why we use read() rather than delegating to skip()
+                final long n = reader.read(charArray, 0, (int) Math.min(remain, charArray.length));
+                if (n < 0) { // EOF
+                    break;
+                }
+                remain -= n;
             }
-            remain -= n;
+        } finally {
+            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(charArray);
         }
         return toSkip - remain;
     }
@@ -2667,7 +2702,7 @@ public static long skip(final Reader reader, final long toSkip) throws IOExcepti
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static void skipFully(final InputStream input, final long toSkip) throws IOException {
-        final long skipped = skip(input, toSkip, IOUtils::getScratchByteArrayWriteOnly);
+        final long skipped = skip(input, toSkip);
         if (skipped != toSkip) {
             throw new EOFException("Bytes to skip: " + toSkip + " actual: " + skipped);
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
index 97a990f6369..1121b38eeeb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
@@ -296,34 +297,50 @@ void test_getName() {
 
     @Test
     void test_getScratchByteArray() {
-        final byte[] array = IOUtils.getScratchByteArray();
-        assert0(array);
-        Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 1);
-        assert0(IOUtils.getScratchCharArray());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void test_getScratchByteArrayWriteOnly() {
-        final byte[] array = IOUtils.getScratchByteArrayWriteOnly();
-        assert0(array);
-        Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 1);
-        assert0(IOUtils.getScratchCharArray());
+        final byte[] array = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+        try {
+            assert0(array);
+            Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 1);
+            // Get another array, while the first is still in use
+            final byte[] array2 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+            assert0(array2);
+            assertNotSame(array, array2);
+        } finally {
+            // Release first array
+            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(array);
+        }
+        // The first array should be reset and reusable
+        final byte[] array3 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
+        try {
+            assert0(array3);
+            assertSame(array, array3);
+        } finally {
+            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(array3);
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
     void test_getScratchCharArray() {
-        final char[] array = IOUtils.getScratchCharArray();
-        assert0(array);
-        Arrays.fill(array, (char) 1);
-        assert0(IOUtils.getScratchCharArray());
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void test_getScratchCharArrayWriteOnly() {
-        final char[] array = IOUtils.getScratchCharArrayWriteOnly();
-        assert0(array);
-        Arrays.fill(array, (char) 1);
-        assert0(IOUtils.getScratchCharArray());
+        final char[] array = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            assert0(array);
+            Arrays.fill(array, (char) 1);
+            // Get another array, while the first is still in use
+            final char[] array2 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+            assert0(array2);
+            assertNotSame(array, array2);
+        } finally {
+            // Release first array
+            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array);
+        }
+        // The first array should be reset and reusable
+        final char[] array3 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
+        try {
+            assert0(array3);
+            assertSame(array, array3);
+        } finally {
+            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array3);
+        }
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..0e1fb057175
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
@@ -0,0 +1,212 @@
+/*
+ *  Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ *  contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ *  this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ *  The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ *  (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ *  the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ *  Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ *  distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ *  WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ *  See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ *  limitations under the License.
+ */
+package org.apache.commons.io;
+
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
+
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.Future;
+import java.util.stream.Collectors;
+import java.util.stream.IntStream;
+import java.util.stream.Stream;
+import java.util.zip.CRC32;
+import java.util.zip.Checksum;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.function.IOConsumer;
+import org.apache.commons.io.input.ChecksumInputStream;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.ParameterizedTest;
+import org.junit.jupiter.params.provider.MethodSource;
+
+/**
+ * Tests {@link IOUtils} methods in a concurrent environment.
+ */
+class IOUtilsConcurrentTest {
+
+    private static class ChecksumReader extends Reader {
+        private final CRC32 checksum;
+        private final long expectedChecksumValue;
+        private final Reader reader;
+
+        ChecksumReader(Reader reader, long expectedChecksumValue) {
+            this.reader = reader;
+            this.checksum = new CRC32();
+            this.expectedChecksumValue = expectedChecksumValue;
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public void close() throws IOException {
+            reader.close();
+        }
+
+        public long getValue() {
+            return checksum.getValue();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read() throws IOException {
+            return super.read();
+        }
+
+        @Override
+        public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
+            final int n = reader.read(cbuf, off, len);
+            if (n > 0) {
+                final byte[] bytes = new String(cbuf, off, n).getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset());
+                checksum.update(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+            }
+            if (n == -1) {
+                final long actual = checksum.getValue();
+                if (actual != expectedChecksumValue) {
+                    throw new IOException("Checksum mismatch: expected " + expectedChecksumValue + " but got " + actual);
+                }
+            }
+            return n;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Test data for InputStream tests.
+     */
+    private static final byte[][] BYTE_DATA;
+    /**
+     * Checksum values for {@link #BYTE_DATA}.
+     */
+    private static final long[] BYTE_DATA_CHECKSUM;
+    /**
+     * Number of runs per thread (to increase the chance of collisions).
+     */
+    private static final int RUNS_PER_THREAD = 16;
+    /**
+     * Size of test data.
+     */
+    private static final int SIZE = IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
+    /**
+     * Test data for Reader tests.
+     */
+    private static final String[] STRING_DATA;
+    /**
+     * Checksum values for {@link #STRING_DATA}.
+     */
+    private static final long[] STRING_DATA_CHECKSUM;
+    /**
+     * Number of threads to use.
+     */
+    private static final int THREAD_COUNT = 16;
+    /**
+     * Number of data variants (to increase the chance of collisions).
+     */
+    private static final int VARIANTS = 16;
+
+    static {
+        final Checksum checksum = new CRC32();
+        // Byte data
+        BYTE_DATA = new byte[VARIANTS][];
+        BYTE_DATA_CHECKSUM = new long[VARIANTS];
+        for (int variant = 0; variant < VARIANTS; variant++) {
+            final byte[] data = new byte[SIZE];
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                data[i] = (byte) ((i + variant) % 256);
+            }
+            BYTE_DATA[variant] = data;
+            checksum.reset();
+            checksum.update(data, 0 , data.length);
+            BYTE_DATA_CHECKSUM[variant] = checksum.getValue();
+        }
+        // Char data
+        final char[] cdata = new char[SIZE];
+        STRING_DATA = new String[VARIANTS];
+        STRING_DATA_CHECKSUM = new long[VARIANTS];
+        for (int variant = 0; variant < VARIANTS; variant++) {
+            for (int i = 0; i < SIZE; i++) {
+                cdata[i] = (char) ((i + variant) % Character.MAX_VALUE);
+            }
+            STRING_DATA[variant] = new String(cdata);
+            checksum.reset();
+            final byte[] bytes = STRING_DATA[variant].getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset());
+            checksum.update(bytes, 0, bytes.length);
+            STRING_DATA_CHECKSUM[variant] = checksum.getValue();
+        }
+    }
+
+    static Stream<IOConsumer<InputStream>> testConcurrentInputStreamTasks() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                IOUtils::consume,
+                in -> IOUtils.skip(in, Long.MAX_VALUE),
+                in -> IOUtils.skipFully(in, SIZE),
+                IOUtils::toByteArray,
+                in -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, SIZE),
+                in -> IOUtils.toByteArray(in, SIZE, 512)
+        );
+    }
+
+    static Stream<IOConsumer<Reader>> testConcurrentReaderTasks() {
+        return Stream.of(
+                IOUtils::consume,
+                reader -> IOUtils.skip(reader, Long.MAX_VALUE),
+                reader -> IOUtils.skipFully(reader, SIZE),
+                reader -> IOUtils.toByteArray(reader, Charset.defaultCharset())
+        );
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource
+    void testConcurrentInputStreamTasks(IOConsumer<InputStream> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
+        final ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);
+        try {
+            final List<Future<Void>> futures = IntStream.range(0, THREAD_COUNT * RUNS_PER_THREAD)
+                    .<Future<Void>>mapToObj(i -> threadPool.submit(() -> {
+                        try (InputStream in = ChecksumInputStream
+                                .builder()
+                                .setByteArray(BYTE_DATA[i % VARIANTS])
+                                .setChecksum(new CRC32())
+                                .setExpectedChecksumValue(BYTE_DATA_CHECKSUM[i % VARIANTS])
+                                .get()) {
+                            consumer.accept(in);
+                        }
+                        return null;
+                    })).collect(Collectors.toList());
+            futures.forEach(f -> assertDoesNotThrow(() -> f.get()));
+        } finally {
+            threadPool.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+
+    @ParameterizedTest
+    @MethodSource
+    void testConcurrentReaderTasks(IOConsumer<Reader> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
+        final ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);
+        try {
+            final List<Future<Void>> futures = IntStream.range(0, THREAD_COUNT * RUNS_PER_THREAD)
+                    .<Future<Void>>mapToObj(i -> threadPool.submit(() -> {
+                        try (Reader reader = new ChecksumReader(new StringReader(STRING_DATA[i % VARIANTS]), STRING_DATA_CHECKSUM[i % VARIANTS])) {
+                            consumer.accept(reader);
+                        }
+                        return null;
+                    })).collect(Collectors.toList());
+            futures.forEach(f -> assertDoesNotThrow(() -> f.get()));
+        } finally {
+            threadPool.shutdownNow();
+        }
+    }
+}

From 9f758494636d8b4ed12ca93841e3148fbb9bd59b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 09:25:16 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 029/174] Sort members

---
 .../channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java   |  8 +++----
 .../io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java   | 22 +++++++++----------
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
index 919b86d7ceb..fdafd544f07 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelHandler.java
@@ -56,10 +56,6 @@ final class CloseShieldChannelHandler implements InvocationHandler {
         SUPPORTED_INTERFACES = Collections.unmodifiableSet(interfaces);
     }
 
-    static boolean isSupported(final Class<?> interfaceClass) {
-        return SUPPORTED_INTERFACES.contains(interfaceClass);
-    }
-
     /**
      * Tests whether the given method is allowed to be called after the shield is closed.
      *
@@ -73,6 +69,10 @@ private static boolean isAllowedAfterClose(final Class<?> declaringClass, final
         return parameterCount == 0 && name.equals("supportedOptions") && NetworkChannel.class.equals(declaringClass);
     }
 
+    static boolean isSupported(final Class<?> interfaceClass) {
+        return SUPPORTED_INTERFACES.contains(interfaceClass);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Tests whether the given method returns 'this' (the channel) as per JDK spec.
      *
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
index b21a5b8153b..4676e64c060 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/CloseShieldChannelTest.java
@@ -126,17 +126,6 @@ void testCloseIsShielded(final Class<? extends Channel> channelInterface) throws
         verify(channel, times(2)).isOpen();
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void testWrapFileChannel(final @TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
-        final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
-        FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
-        try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
-            fileChannelInterfaces().forEach(iface -> assertInstanceOf(iface, shield));
-            // FileChannel is not an interface, so can not be implemented.
-            assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testDoesNotDoubleWrap() {
         final ByteChannel channel = mock(ByteChannel.class);
@@ -290,6 +279,17 @@ void testToString(final Class<? extends Channel> channelClass) throws Exception
         assertTrue(shieldString.contains("MyChannel"));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testWrapFileChannel(final @TempDir Path tempDir) throws IOException {
+        final Path testFile = tempDir.resolve("test.txt");
+        FileUtils.touch(testFile.toFile());
+        try (FileChannel channel = FileChannel.open(testFile); Channel shield = CloseShieldChannel.wrap(channel)) {
+            fileChannelInterfaces().forEach(iface -> assertInstanceOf(iface, shield));
+            // FileChannel is not an interface, so can not be implemented.
+            assertFalse(shield instanceof FileChannel, "not FileChannel");
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testWritableByteChannelMethods() throws Exception {
         final WritableByteChannel channel = mock(WritableByteChannel.class);

From 3925b50456ada7a4e23ec89ccfa34c04d03b95d5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 09:29:11 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 030/174] Use final

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java    |  4 ++--
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java   |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java      |  8 ++++----
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java     | 18 ++++++++++--------
 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 717be4b49bf..fb6bc6c1ac4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ static char[] getScratchCharArray() {
          *
          * @param array the byte array to release.
          */
-        static void releaseScratchByteArray(byte[] array) {
+        static void releaseScratchByteArray(final byte[] array) {
             final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
             if (array == holder[1]) {
                 Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 0);
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ static void releaseScratchByteArray(byte[] array) {
          *
          * @param array the char array to release.
          */
-        static void releaseScratchCharArray(char[] array) {
+        static void releaseScratchCharArray(final char[] array) {
             final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
             if (array == holder[1]) {
                 Arrays.fill(array, (char) 0);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
index ba9065d4f31..e45baaf421c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ List<File> list(final File startDirectory) throws IOException {
      */
     private static final ListDirectoryWalker LIST_WALKER = new ListDirectoryWalker();
 
-    private static void setDosReadOnly(Path p, boolean readOnly) throws IOException {
+    private static void setDosReadOnly(final Path p, final boolean readOnly) throws IOException {
         if (Files.getFileStore(p).supportsFileAttributeView(DosFileAttributeView.class)) {
             Files.setAttribute(p, "dos:readonly", readOnly, LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS);
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
index 0e1fb057175..1f1fb2a13fe 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ private static class ChecksumReader extends Reader {
         private final long expectedChecksumValue;
         private final Reader reader;
 
-        ChecksumReader(Reader reader, long expectedChecksumValue) {
+        ChecksumReader(final Reader reader, final long expectedChecksumValue) {
             this.reader = reader;
             this.checksum = new CRC32();
             this.expectedChecksumValue = expectedChecksumValue;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
         }
 
         @Override
-        public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
+        public int read(final char[] cbuf, final int off, final int len) throws IOException {
             final int n = reader.read(cbuf, off, len);
             if (n > 0) {
                 final byte[] bytes = new String(cbuf, off, n).getBytes(Charset.defaultCharset());
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ static Stream<IOConsumer<Reader>> testConcurrentReaderTasks() {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testConcurrentInputStreamTasks(IOConsumer<InputStream> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
+    void testConcurrentInputStreamTasks(final IOConsumer<InputStream> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
         final ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);
         try {
             final List<Future<Void>> futures = IntStream.range(0, THREAD_COUNT * RUNS_PER_THREAD)
@@ -194,7 +194,7 @@ void testConcurrentInputStreamTasks(IOConsumer<InputStream> consumer) throws Int
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testConcurrentReaderTasks(IOConsumer<Reader> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
+    void testConcurrentReaderTasks(final IOConsumer<Reader> consumer) throws InterruptedException {
         final ExecutorService threadPool = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(THREAD_COUNT);
         try {
             final List<Future<Void>> futures = IntStream.range(0, THREAD_COUNT * RUNS_PER_THREAD)
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index e9fed5c0c0e..7632b316cba 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -421,7 +421,7 @@ void testByteArrayWithNegativeSize() {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
+    void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLength) {
         final IndexOutOfBoundsException ex = assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(off, len, arrayLength));
         assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains(String.valueOf(off)));
         assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains(String.valueOf(len)));
@@ -431,7 +431,7 @@ void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
             final IndexOutOfBoundsException jreEx = assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
                 try {
                     Objects.class.getDeclaredMethod("checkFromIndexSize", int.class, int.class, int.class).invoke(null, off, len, arrayLength);
-                } catch (InvocationTargetException ite) {
+                } catch (final InvocationTargetException ite) {
                     throw ite.getTargetException();
                 }
             });
@@ -441,13 +441,13 @@ void testCheckFromIndexSizeInvalidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases(int off, int len, int arrayLength) {
+    void testCheckFromIndexSizeValidCases(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLength) {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(off, len, arrayLength));
     }
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
+    void testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases(final int from, final int to, final int arrayLength) {
         final IndexOutOfBoundsException ex = assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> IOUtils.checkFromToIndex(from, to, arrayLength));
         assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains(String.valueOf(from)));
         assertTrue(ex.getMessage().contains(String.valueOf(to)));
@@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ void testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
             final IndexOutOfBoundsException jreEx = assertThrows(IndexOutOfBoundsException.class, () -> {
                 try {
                     Objects.class.getDeclaredMethod("checkFromToIndex", int.class, int.class, int.class).invoke(null, from, to, arrayLength);
-                } catch (InvocationTargetException ite) {
+                } catch (final InvocationTargetException ite) {
                     throw ite.getTargetException();
                 }
             });
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ void testCheckFromToIndexInvalidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
-    void testCheckFromToIndexValidCases(int from, int to, int arrayLength) {
+    void testCheckFromToIndexValidCases(final int from, final int to, final int arrayLength) {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.checkFromToIndex(from, to, arrayLength));
     }
 
@@ -1168,7 +1168,8 @@ void testCopyLarge_SkipWithInvalidOffset() throws IOException {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
-    void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+    void testRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(final InputStream input, final byte[] b, final int off, final int len,
+            final Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
         assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
     }
 
@@ -1223,7 +1224,8 @@ void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset() throws Exception {
 
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource("invalidRead_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsProvider")
-    void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(InputStream input, byte[] b, int off, int len, Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
+    void testReadFully_InputStream_Offset_ArgumentsValidation(final InputStream input, final byte[] b, final int off, final int len,
+            final Class<? extends Throwable> expected) {
         assertThrows(expected, () -> IOUtils.read(input, b, off, len));
     }
 

From 0698bd9eafb2d20fb85f4ea4f695db1b702dcef2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 17 Oct 2025 10:49:02 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 031/174] Reduce internal boilerplate

Make the internal scratch byte and char buffers auto-closeable
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java |   8 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 182 ++++++++++--------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java     |  49 ++---
 3 files changed, 132 insertions(+), 107 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index fdb137d2039..b3243a30a4f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -29,6 +29,8 @@
 import java.io.Writer;
 import java.nio.charset.Charset;
 
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.ScratchChars;
+
 /**
  * This class provides static utility methods for buffered
  * copying between sources ({@link InputStream}, {@link Reader},
@@ -278,8 +280,8 @@ public static int copy(
             final Reader input,
             final Writer output)
                 throws IOException {
-        final char[] buffer = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            final char[] buffer = scratch.array();
             int count = 0;
             int n;
             while (EOF != (n = input.read(buffer))) {
@@ -287,8 +289,6 @@ public static int copy(
                 count += n;
             }
             return count;
-        } finally {
-            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index fb6bc6c1ac4..5d3d7cc5850 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -133,7 +133,7 @@ public class IOUtils {
     // or return one of them.
 
     /**
-     * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffers.
+     * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffer.
      *
      * <p>Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer
      * is allocated to avoid data corruption.</p>
@@ -141,80 +141,120 @@ public class IOUtils {
      * <p>Typical usage:</p>
      *
      * <pre>{@code
-     * final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-     * try {
+     * try (ScratchBytes scratch = ScratchBytes.get()) {
      *     // use the buffer
-     * } finally {
-     *     ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+     *     byte[] bytes = scratch.array();
+     *     // ...
      * }
      * }</pre>
      */
-    static final class ScratchBufferHolder {
+    static final class ScratchBytes implements AutoCloseable {
 
         /**
-         * Holder for internal byte array buffer.
+         * Wraps an internal byte array.
+         *
+         * [0] boolean in use.
+         * [1] byte[] buffer.
          */
-        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, byteArray() });
-
-        /**
-         * Holder for internal char array buffer.
-         */
-        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, charArray() });
-
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, new ScratchBytes(byteArray()) });
 
         /**
          * Gets the internal byte array buffer.
          *
          * @return the internal byte array buffer.
          */
-        static byte[] getScratchByteArray() {
-            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
+        static ScratchBytes get() {
+            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
             // If already in use, return a new array
             if ((boolean) holder[0]) {
-                return byteArray();
+                return new ScratchBytes(byteArray());
             }
             holder[0] = true;
-            return (byte[]) holder[1];
+            return (ScratchBytes) holder[1];
+        }
+
+        private final byte[] buffer;
+
+        private ScratchBytes(final byte[] buffer) {
+            this.buffer = buffer;
+        }
+
+        byte[] array() {
+            return buffer;
         }
 
         /**
-         * Gets the char array buffer.
-         *
-         * @return the char array buffer.
+         * If the buffer is the internal array, clear and release it for reuse.
          */
-        static char[] getScratchCharArray() {
-            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
-            // If already in use, return a new array
-            if ((boolean) holder[0]) {
-                return charArray();
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
+            if (buffer == ((ScratchBytes) holder[1]).buffer) {
+                Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 0);
+                holder[0] = false;
             }
-            holder[0] = true;
-            return (char[]) holder[1];
         }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffer.
+     *
+     * <p>Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer
+     * is allocated to avoid data corruption.</p>
+     *
+     * <p>Typical usage:</p>
+     *
+     * <pre>{@code
+     * try (ScratchChars scratch = ScratchChars.get()) {
+     *     // use the buffer
+     *     char[] bytes = scratch.array();
+     *     // ...
+     * }
+     * }</pre>
+     */
+    static final class ScratchChars implements AutoCloseable {
 
+        /**
+         * Wraps an internal char array.
+         *
+         * [0] boolean in use.
+         * [1] char[] buffer.
+         */
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, new ScratchChars(charArray()) });
 
         /**
-         * If the argument is the internal byte array, release it for reuse.
+         * Gets the internal char array buffer.
          *
-         * @param array the byte array to release.
+         * @return the internal char array buffer.
          */
-        static void releaseScratchByteArray(final byte[] array) {
-            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
-            if (array == holder[1]) {
-                Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 0);
-                holder[0] = false;
+        static ScratchChars get() {
+            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
+            // If already in use, return a new array
+            if ((boolean) holder[0]) {
+                return new ScratchChars(charArray());
             }
+            holder[0] = true;
+            return (ScratchChars) holder[1];
+        }
+
+        private final char[] buffer;
+
+        private ScratchChars(final char[] buffer) {
+            this.buffer = buffer;
+        }
+
+        char[] array() {
+            return buffer;
         }
 
         /**
-         * If the argument is the internal char array, release it for reuse.
-         *
-         * @param array the char array to release.
+         * If the buffer is the internal array, clear and release it for reuse.
          */
-        static void releaseScratchCharArray(final char[] array) {
-            final Object[] holder = SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.get();
-            if (array == holder[1]) {
-                Arrays.fill(array, (char) 0);
+        @Override
+        public void close() {
+            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
+            if (buffer == ((ScratchChars) holder[1]).buffer) {
+                Arrays.fill(buffer, (char) 0);
                 holder[0] = false;
             }
         }
@@ -660,8 +700,8 @@ static void checkFromToIndex(final int fromIndex, final int toIndex, final int l
      * @see IO#clear()
      */
     static void clear() {
-        ScratchBufferHolder.SCRATCH_BYTE_BUFFER_HOLDER.remove();
-        ScratchBufferHolder.SCRATCH_CHAR_BUFFER_HOLDER.remove();
+        ScratchBytes.LOCAL.remove();
+        ScratchChars.LOCAL.remove();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1205,14 +1245,14 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) th
         }
 
         // reuse one
-        final char[] array1 = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        // but allocate another
-        final char[] array2 = charArray();
-        int pos1;
-        int pos2;
-        int count1;
-        int count2;
-        try {
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            final char[] array1 = scratch.array();
+            // but allocate another
+            final char[] array2 = charArray();
+            int pos1;
+            int pos2;
+            int count1;
+            int count2;
             while (true) {
                 pos1 = 0;
                 pos2 = 0;
@@ -1240,8 +1280,6 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) th
                     }
                 }
             }
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array1);
         }
     }
 
@@ -1722,11 +1760,8 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream o
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output, final long inputOffset, final long length) throws IOException {
-        final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-        try {
-            return copyLarge(input, output, inputOffset, length, buffer);
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+        try (ScratchBytes scratch = ScratchBytes.get()) {
+            return copyLarge(input, output, inputOffset, length, scratch.array());
         }
     }
 
@@ -1797,11 +1832,8 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output,
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer) throws IOException {
-        final char[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
-            return copyLarge(reader, writer, buffer);
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            return copyLarge(reader, writer, scratch.array());
         }
     }
 
@@ -1849,11 +1881,8 @@ public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final cha
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final long inputOffset, final long length) throws IOException {
-        final char[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
-            return copyLarge(reader, writer, inputOffset, length, buffer);
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(buffer);
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            return copyLarge(reader, writer, inputOffset, length, scratch.array());
         }
     }
 
@@ -2553,11 +2582,8 @@ public static URL resourceToURL(final String name, final ClassLoader classLoader
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static long skip(final InputStream input, final long skip) throws IOException {
-        final byte[] buffer = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-        try {
-            return skip(input, skip, () -> buffer);
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(buffer);
+        try (ScratchBytes scratch = ScratchBytes.get()) {
+            return skip(input, skip, scratch::array);
         }
     }
 
@@ -2665,18 +2691,16 @@ public static long skip(final Reader reader, final long toSkip) throws IOExcepti
             throw new IllegalArgumentException("Skip count must be non-negative, actual: " + toSkip);
         }
         long remain = toSkip;
-        final char[] charArray = ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            final char[] chars = scratch.array();
             while (remain > 0) {
                 // See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-203 for why we use read() rather than delegating to skip()
-                final long n = reader.read(charArray, 0, (int) Math.min(remain, charArray.length));
+                final long n = reader.read(chars, 0, (int) Math.min(remain, chars.length));
                 if (n < 0) { // EOF
                     break;
                 }
                 remain -= n;
             }
-        } finally {
-            ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(charArray);
         }
         return toSkip - remain;
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
index 1121b38eeeb..54073da8096 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCaseTest.java
@@ -30,6 +30,8 @@
 import java.io.ObjectOutputStream;
 import java.util.Arrays;
 
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.ScratchBytes;
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.ScratchChars;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 /**
@@ -297,49 +299,48 @@ void test_getName() {
 
     @Test
     void test_getScratchByteArray() {
-        final byte[] array = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-        try {
+        final byte[] array;
+        try (ScratchBytes scratch = IOUtils.ScratchBytes.get()) {
+            array = scratch.array();
             assert0(array);
             Arrays.fill(array, (byte) 1);
             // Get another array, while the first is still in use
-            final byte[] array2 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-            assert0(array2);
-            assertNotSame(array, array2);
-        } finally {
-            // Release first array
-            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(array);
+            // The test doesn't need the try here but that's the pattern.
+            try (ScratchBytes scratch2 = IOUtils.ScratchBytes.get()) {
+                assertNotSame(scratch, scratch2);
+                final byte[] array2 = scratch2.array();
+                assert0(array2);
+                assertNotSame(array, array2);
+            }
         }
         // The first array should be reset and reusable
-        final byte[] array3 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchByteArray();
-        try {
+        try (ScratchBytes scratch = IOUtils.ScratchBytes.get()) {
+            final byte[] array3 = scratch.array();
             assert0(array3);
             assertSame(array, array3);
-        } finally {
-            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchByteArray(array3);
         }
     }
 
     @Test
     void test_getScratchCharArray() {
-        final char[] array = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
+        final char[] array;
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            array = scratch.array();
             assert0(array);
             Arrays.fill(array, (char) 1);
             // Get another array, while the first is still in use
-            final char[] array2 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-            assert0(array2);
-            assertNotSame(array, array2);
-        } finally {
-            // Release first array
-            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array);
+            // The test doesn't need the try here but that's the pattern.
+            try (ScratchChars scratch2 = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+                final char[] array2 = scratch2.array();
+                assert0(array2);
+                assertNotSame(array, array2);
+            }
         }
         // The first array should be reset and reusable
-        final char[] array3 = IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.getScratchCharArray();
-        try {
+        try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
+            final char[] array3 = scratch.array();
             assert0(array3);
             assertSame(array, array3);
-        } finally {
-            IOUtils.ScratchBufferHolder.releaseScratchCharArray(array3);
         }
     }
 

From 2707d1fd70e22ae3675508d294bb93046e02b209 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Piotr P. Karwasz" <pkarwasz-github@apache.org>
Date: Sun, 19 Oct 2025 03:07:19 +0200
Subject: [PATCH 032/174] Prevent classloader memory leak in
 `ScratchBytes`/`ScratchChars` (#804)

Commit 0698bd9eafb2d20fb85f4ea4f695db1b702dcef2 introduced convenient `AutoCloseable` usage for `ScratchBytes` and `ScratchChars`. However, it also introduced a **classloader memory leak risk** in application server environments by storing custom wrapper instances directly in a `ThreadLocal`.

This PR keeps the ergonomic `AutoCloseable` pattern while eliminating the classloader leak risk:

* Store **only primitive buffers** (`byte[]` / `char[]`) in the `ThreadLocal`, not custom classes.
* Introduce two types of `ScratchBytes` / `ScratchChars` instances:

  * **Global instance** (`buffer == null`) that fetches its buffer from the `ThreadLocal`.
  * **Reentrant instances** (`buffer != null`) for nested usage without interfering with shared buffers.

**Note:** While this revision keeps the readability of using the `AutoCloseable` API, it also introduces a performance regression compared to the original #801 design: retrieving a buffer now requires two `ThreadLocal` lookups: once in `get()` and once in `array()`. The original design avoided this overhead intentionally. Since these classes are package-private and used in performance-sensitive paths, we should carefully weigh the trade-off between API convenience and runtime cost.
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 34 ++++++++++++-------
 1 file changed, 22 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 5d3d7cc5850..5a005fa6792 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -156,7 +156,9 @@ static final class ScratchBytes implements AutoCloseable {
          * [0] boolean in use.
          * [1] byte[] buffer.
          */
-        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, new ScratchBytes(byteArray()) });
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, byteArray() });
+
+        private static final ScratchBytes INSTANCE = new ScratchBytes(null);
 
         /**
          * Gets the internal byte array buffer.
@@ -170,9 +172,12 @@ static ScratchBytes get() {
                 return new ScratchBytes(byteArray());
             }
             holder[0] = true;
-            return (ScratchBytes) holder[1];
+            return INSTANCE;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * The buffer, or null if using the thread-local buffer.
+         */
         private final byte[] buffer;
 
         private ScratchBytes(final byte[] buffer) {
@@ -180,7 +185,7 @@ private ScratchBytes(final byte[] buffer) {
         }
 
         byte[] array() {
-            return buffer;
+            return buffer != null ? buffer : (byte[]) LOCAL.get()[1];
         }
 
         /**
@@ -188,9 +193,9 @@ byte[] array() {
          */
         @Override
         public void close() {
-            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
-            if (buffer == ((ScratchBytes) holder[1]).buffer) {
-                Arrays.fill(buffer, (byte) 0);
+            if (buffer == null) {
+                final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
+                Arrays.fill((byte[]) holder[1], (byte) 0);
                 holder[0] = false;
             }
         }
@@ -220,7 +225,9 @@ static final class ScratchChars implements AutoCloseable {
          * [0] boolean in use.
          * [1] char[] buffer.
          */
-        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, new ScratchChars(charArray()) });
+        private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, charArray() });
+
+        private static final ScratchChars INSTANCE = new ScratchChars(null);
 
         /**
          * Gets the internal char array buffer.
@@ -234,9 +241,12 @@ static ScratchChars get() {
                 return new ScratchChars(charArray());
             }
             holder[0] = true;
-            return (ScratchChars) holder[1];
+            return INSTANCE;
         }
 
+        /**
+         * The buffer, or null if using the thread-local buffer.
+         */
         private final char[] buffer;
 
         private ScratchChars(final char[] buffer) {
@@ -244,7 +254,7 @@ private ScratchChars(final char[] buffer) {
         }
 
         char[] array() {
-            return buffer;
+            return buffer != null ? buffer : (char[]) LOCAL.get()[1];
         }
 
         /**
@@ -252,9 +262,9 @@ char[] array() {
          */
         @Override
         public void close() {
-            final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
-            if (buffer == ((ScratchChars) holder[1]).buffer) {
-                Arrays.fill(buffer, (char) 0);
+            if (buffer == null) {
+                final Object[] holder = LOCAL.get();
+                Arrays.fill((char[]) holder[1], (char) 0);
                 holder[0] = false;
             }
         }

From ee8dd0679c60c67599260a3c653b4bebb3b137f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 19 Oct 2025 08:57:51 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 033/174] Fix grammar

---
 .github/pull_request_template.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md
index 7578b4da036..4cbe168c3e8 100644
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -25,6 +25,6 @@ Before you push a pull request, review this list:
 - [ ] Read the [ASF Generative Tooling Guidance](https://www.apache.org/legal/generative-tooling.html) if you use Artificial Intelligence (AI).
 - [ ] I used AI to create any part of, or all of, this pull request.
 - [ ] Run a successful build using the default [Maven](https://maven.apache.org/) goal with `mvn`; that's `mvn` on the command line by itself.
-- [ ] Write unit tests that match behavioral changes, where the tests fail if the changes to the runtime are not applied. This may not always be possible, but it is a best-practice.
+- [ ] Write unit tests that match behavioral changes, where the tests fail if the changes to the runtime are not applied. This may not always be possible, but it is a best practice.
 - [ ] Write a pull request description that is detailed enough to understand what the pull request does, how, and why.
 - [ ] Each commit in the pull request should have a meaningful subject line and body. Note that a maintainer may squash commits during the merge process.

From d9714be2115c66ac241ae9d1cd8e03398ac76842 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 21 Oct 2025 10:03:04 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 034/174] Java 25 builds are no longer experimental

---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml | 12 +-----------
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 11 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 7d0f0892434..ee6b9c99a12 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ jobs:
     strategy:
       matrix:
         os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macos-13]
-        java: [ 8, 11, 17, 21 ]
+        java: [ 8, 11, 17, 21, 25 ]
         experimental: [false]
         # Keep the same parameter order as the matrix above
         include:
@@ -48,16 +48,6 @@ jobs:
             java: 21
             experimental: false
             deploy: true
-          # Experimental builds: Java 25-ea
-          - os: ubuntu-latest
-            java: 25
-            experimental: true
-          - os: windows-latest
-            java: 25
-            experimental: true
-          - os: macos-latest
-            java: 25
-            experimental: true
           # Experimental builds: Java 26-ea
           - os: ubuntu-latest
             java: 26-ea

From af17dc6ce77d47ab57ad484f5d936004a5bf24a2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 08:52:17 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 035/174] Javadoc

---
 .../commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java      | 23 +++++++++++++++++--
 1 file changed, 21 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
index d84aefdb79a..d8edc15ea46 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
@@ -366,6 +366,7 @@ public abstract static class AbstractRandomAccessFileOrigin<T extends RandomAcce
          * </p>
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public AbstractRandomAccessFileOrigin(final T origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -437,6 +438,7 @@ public static class ByteArrayOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<byte[], ByteArrayOrig
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public ByteArrayOrigin(final byte[] origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -499,6 +501,7 @@ public static class ChannelOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<Channel, ChannelOrigin>
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public ChannelOrigin(final Channel origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -563,6 +566,7 @@ public static class CharSequenceOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<CharSequence, Char
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public CharSequenceOrigin(final CharSequence origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -641,6 +645,7 @@ public static class FileOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<File, FileOrigin> {
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public FileOrigin(final File origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -689,6 +694,7 @@ public static class InputStreamOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<InputStream, InputS
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public InputStreamOrigin(final InputStream origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -774,6 +780,7 @@ public static class OutputStreamOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<OutputStream, Outp
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public OutputStreamOrigin(final OutputStream origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -823,6 +830,7 @@ public static class PathOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<Path, PathOrigin> {
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public PathOrigin(final Path origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -892,6 +900,7 @@ public static class ReaderOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<Reader, ReaderOrigin> {
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public ReaderOrigin(final Reader origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -959,6 +968,7 @@ public static class URIOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<URI, URIOrigin> {
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public URIOrigin(final URI origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -1007,6 +1017,7 @@ public static class WriterOrigin extends AbstractOrigin<Writer, WriterOrigin> {
          * Constructs a new instance for the given origin.
          *
          * @param origin The origin, not null.
+         * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
          */
         public WriterOrigin(final Writer origin) {
             super(origin);
@@ -1057,15 +1068,16 @@ public Writer getWriter(final Charset charset, final OpenOption... options) thro
      * Constructs a new instance for subclasses.
      *
      * @param origin The origin, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      */
     protected AbstractOrigin(final T origin) {
         this.origin = Objects.requireNonNull(origin, "origin");
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the origin.
+     * Gets the origin, never null.
      *
-     * @return the origin.
+     * @return the origin, never null.
      */
     @Override
     public T get() {
@@ -1113,6 +1125,7 @@ public byte[] getByteArray(final long position, final int length) throws IOExcep
      * @param <C> The type of channel to return.
      * @throws IOException                   If an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException If this origin cannot be converted to a channel of the given type.
+     * @see #getChannel(OpenOption...)
      * @since 2.21.0
      */
     public final <C extends Channel> C getChannel(final Class<C> channelType, final OpenOption... options) throws IOException {
@@ -1131,6 +1144,7 @@ public final <C extends Channel> C getChannel(final Class<C> channelType, final
      * @return A new Channel on the origin.
      * @throws IOException                   If an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException If this origin cannot be converted to a channel.
+     * @see #getChannel(Class, OpenOption...)
      * @since 2.21.0
      */
     protected Channel getChannel(final OpenOption... options) throws IOException {
@@ -1217,6 +1231,11 @@ public Reader getReader(final Charset charset) throws IOException {
         return Files.newBufferedReader(getPath(), Charsets.toCharset(charset));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Gets simple name of the underlying class.
+     *
+     * @return The simple name of the underlying class.
+     */
     private String getSimpleClassName() {
         return getClass().getSimpleName();
     }

From 1cf65a66e793a9e4cbfc0d0cecc29b7df341e1a5 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: J Hawkins <127335637+hawjo01@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 19:38:40 -0600
Subject: [PATCH 036/174] Fix javadoc to indicate the correct class that is
 built. (#806)

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java    | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
index 7f5102e8218..e438c940487 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -42,7 +42,6 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.io.build.AbstractStreamBuilder;
 import org.apache.commons.io.function.IOConsumer;
-import org.apache.commons.io.output.XmlStreamWriter;
 
 /**
  * Character stream that handles all the necessary Voodoo to figure out the charset encoding of the XML document within the stream.
@@ -76,7 +75,7 @@ public class XmlStreamReader extends Reader {
 
     // @formatter:off
     /**
-     * Builds a new {@link XmlStreamWriter}.
+     * Builds a new {@link XmlStreamReader}.
      *
      * Constructs a Reader using an InputStream and the associated content-type header. This constructor is lenient regarding the encoding detection.
      * <p>
@@ -131,7 +130,7 @@ public Builder() {
         }
 
         /**
-         * Builds a new {@link XmlStreamWriter}.
+         * Builds a new {@link XmlStreamReader}.
          * <p>
          * You must set an aspect that supports {@link #getInputStream()}, otherwise, this method throws an exception.
          * </p>

From 5677c9063d5808819de15ef7febb50df79705a22 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 21:41:07 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 037/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.30.8 to 4.30.9
 (#807)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 4.30.8 to 4.30.9.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5...16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 4.30.9
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index ea037c8f839..797bf87270c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 77678628b08..6f3b56a60c2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@f443b600d91635bebf5b0d9ebc620189c0d6fba5    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 5954478cab510f332eb29e4f0143b9f1070d8739 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 21:41:25 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 038/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 89 to 90
 (#808)

Bumps [org.apache.commons:commons-parent](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent) from 89 to 90.
- [Changelog](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent/blob/master/RELEASE-NOTES.txt)
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent/commits)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: org.apache.commons:commons-parent
  dependency-version: '90'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 2f2162f800e..d3c5e213413 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>89</version>
+    <version>90</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>

From 347d1dfbf33c0dac42b0415f286f1eb212765874 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 22:10:26 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 039/174] [javadoc] Fix XmlStreamReader Javadoc to indicate the
 correct class that is built #806

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 3aa41940132..0b85f7f4c5c 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -57,6 +57,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Javadoc general improvements.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="pkarwasz"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Fix IOUtils.skip() usage in concurrent scenarios.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="J Hawkins">[javadoc] Fix XmlStreamReader Javadoc to indicate the correct class that is built #806.</action> 
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763.</action>
       <action dev="ggregory" type="add"                due-to="strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory">Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763.</action>

From d92ebcce0bcd403b286ee59882dd65a577846242 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 23 Oct 2025 22:11:03 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 040/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 89 to 90
 #808

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 0b85f7f4c5c..cd5a9d8f851 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Add CloseShieldChannel to close-shielded NIO Channels #786.</action>
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Added IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize as a Java 8 backport of Objects.checkFromIndexSize #790.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 89 #774, #783.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 90 #774, #783, #808.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.19.0.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">[test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.8 #769.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.18.0 to 3.19.0.</action>

From f92f7a063a56e6da6bece497d665ecba8c0d6165 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 24 Oct 2025 08:38:21 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 041/174] Add some basic requirements documentation.

- Using h1 and h2 as done here is needed to get Javadoc to work on Java
8, 11, 17, 21, and 25
- I checked with `mvn clean javadoc:javadoc`
---
 src/main/javadoc/overview.html | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
index 7fa4bd1f700..d9ac38e071d 100644
--- a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
+++ b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
@@ -17,6 +17,8 @@
 -->
 <html>
 <body>
+<h1>Apache Commons IO</h1>
+<h2>Introduction</h2>
 <p>
 The Apache Commons IO component contains utility classes,
 filters, streams, readers and writers.
@@ -28,5 +30,10 @@
 The filters and streams provide useful implementations that perhaps should
 be in the JDK itself.
 </p>
+<h2>Requirements</h2>
+<ul>
+<li>Java 8 or above.</li>
+<li>If using OSGi, R7 or above.</li>
+</ul>
 </body>
 </html>

From f11570f1b1373ba2cf25845e45ffaf5a88be5eda Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 07:47:51 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 042/174] Use new Oak leaf logotype

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png  | Bin 0 -> 9233 bytes
 src/main/javadoc/overview.html                |   1 +
 src/media/commons-logo-component-100.xcf      | Bin 0 -> 30258 bytes
 src/media/commons-logo-component.xcf          | Bin 0 -> 146691 bytes
 src/media/logo-large.xcf                      | Bin 138018 -> 0 bytes
 src/media/logo.png                            | Bin 9536 -> 9233 bytes
 src/media/logo.xcf                            | Bin 21258 -> 0 bytes
 src/site/resources/images/logo.png            | Bin 9536 -> 9233 bytes
 ...TestDataCR.dat => FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin} |   0
 ...DataCRLF.dat => FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.bin} |   0
 ...TestDataLF.dat => FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin} |   0
 11 files changed, 1 insertion(+)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png
 create mode 100644 src/media/commons-logo-component-100.xcf
 create mode 100644 src/media/commons-logo-component.xcf
 delete mode 100644 src/media/logo-large.xcf
 delete mode 100644 src/media/logo.xcf
 rename src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/{FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat => FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin} (100%)
 rename src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/{FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.dat => FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.bin} (100%)
 rename src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/{FileUtilsTestDataLF.dat => FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin} (100%)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..02a758f0ed838a31f373f399db089a898c161e54
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diff --git a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
index d9ac38e071d..0ffd28dace2 100644
--- a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
+++ b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@
 -->
 <html>
 <body>
+<img alt="Apache Commons IO" src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png">
 <h1>Apache Commons IO</h1>
 <h2>Introduction</h2>
 <p>
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diff --git a/src/media/logo-large.xcf b/src/media/logo-large.xcf
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diff --git a/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat b/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin
similarity index 100%
rename from src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat
rename to src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin
diff --git a/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.dat b/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.bin
similarity index 100%
rename from src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.dat
rename to src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.bin
diff --git a/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataLF.dat b/src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin
similarity index 100%
rename from src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataLF.dat
rename to src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin

From e81bb0a29a1fec17e5a628c8f0ac3ca767b0f0f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 07:47:58 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 043/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 90 to 91

---
 pom.xml                                       |  2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java  |  6 ++---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 24 +++++++++----------
 4 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index d3c5e213413..f60efbc76db 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>90</version>
+    <version>91</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index cd5a9d8f851..07bb304a545 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Add CloseShieldChannel to close-shielded NIO Channels #786.</action>
       <action dev="pkarwasz" type="add"                due-to="Piotr P. Karwasz">Added IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize as a Java 8 backport of Objects.checkFromIndexSize #790.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 90 #774, #783, #808.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 91 #774, #783, #808.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.19.0.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">[test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.8 #769.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory">[test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.18.0 to 3.19.0.</action>
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
index e45baaf421c..91d351efeaa 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTest.java
@@ -666,17 +666,17 @@ void testContentEqualsIgnoreEOL() throws Exception {
         assertFalse(FileUtils.contentEqualsIgnoreEOL(tfile1, tfile3, null));
         assertFalse(FileUtils.contentEqualsIgnoreEOL(tfile2, tfile3, null));
 
-        final URL urlCR = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat");
+        final URL urlCR = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin");
         assertNotNull(urlCR);
         final File cr = new File(urlCR.toURI());
         assertTrue(cr.exists());
 
-        final URL urlCRLF = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.dat");
+        final URL urlCRLF = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataCRLF.bin");
         assertNotNull(urlCRLF);
         final File crlf = new File(urlCRLF.toURI());
         assertTrue(crlf.exists());
 
-        final URL urlLF = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataLF.dat");
+        final URL urlLF = getClass().getResource("FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin");
         assertNotNull(urlLF);
         final File lf = new File(urlLF.toURI());
         assertTrue(lf.exists());
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 7632b316cba..033fdffdd76 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -1375,16 +1375,16 @@ void testResourceToByteArray_ExistingResourceAtRootPackage_WithClassLoader() thr
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToByteArray_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage() throws Exception {
-        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat").length();
-        final byte[] bytes = IOUtils.resourceToByteArray("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat");
+        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin").length();
+        final byte[] bytes = IOUtils.resourceToByteArray("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin");
         assertNotNull(bytes);
         assertEquals(fileSize, bytes.length);
     }
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToByteArray_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage_WithClassLoader() throws Exception {
-        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat").length();
-        final byte[] bytes = IOUtils.resourceToByteArray("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat",
+        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin").length();
+        final byte[] bytes = IOUtils.resourceToByteArray("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin",
             ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
         assertNotNull(bytes);
         assertEquals(fileSize, bytes.length);
@@ -1436,8 +1436,8 @@ void testResourceToString_ExistingResourceAtRootPackage_WithClassLoader() throws
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToString_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage() throws Exception {
-        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat").length();
-        final String content = IOUtils.resourceToString("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat",
+        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin").length();
+        final String content = IOUtils.resourceToString("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin",
             StandardCharsets.UTF_8);
 
         assertNotNull(content);
@@ -1446,8 +1446,8 @@ void testResourceToString_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage() throws Exception {
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToString_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage_WithClassLoader() throws Exception {
-        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat").length();
-        final String content = IOUtils.resourceToString("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat",
+        final long fileSize = TestResources.getFile("FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin").length();
+        final String content = IOUtils.resourceToString("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin",
             StandardCharsets.UTF_8, ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
 
         assertNotNull(content);
@@ -1506,18 +1506,18 @@ void testResourceToURL_ExistingResourceAtRootPackage_WithClassLoader() throws Ex
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToURL_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage() throws Exception {
-        final URL url = IOUtils.resourceToURL("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat");
+        final URL url = IOUtils.resourceToURL("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin");
         assertNotNull(url);
-        assertTrue(url.getFile().endsWith("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat"));
+        assertTrue(url.getFile().endsWith("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin"));
     }
 
     @Test
     void testResourceToURL_ExistingResourceAtSubPackage_WithClassLoader() throws Exception {
-        final URL url = IOUtils.resourceToURL("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat",
+        final URL url = IOUtils.resourceToURL("org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin",
             ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
 
         assertNotNull(url);
-        assertTrue(url.getFile().endsWith("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.dat"));
+        assertTrue(url.getFile().endsWith("/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataCR.bin"));
     }
 
     @Test

From bc01dee31ec0ff10aa0841ff245b770fa1ecfade Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 21:16:05 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 044/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.30.9 to 4.31.2
 (#811)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 4.30.9 to 4.31.2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047...0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 4.31.2
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 797bf87270c..276e14f41de 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 6f3b56a60c2..ac12058b3f0 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@16140ae1a102900babc80a33c44059580f687047    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From ad875d566f273f54094b6b872bf9433be9fd86a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 30 Oct 2025 21:16:55 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 045/174] Bump actions/upload-artifact from 4.6.2 to 5.0.0
 (#810)

Bumps [actions/upload-artifact](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact) from 4.6.2 to 5.0.0.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/upload-artifact/compare/ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02...330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/upload-artifact
  dependency-version: 5.0.0
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index ac12058b3f0..3215897f03b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
           publish_results: true
 
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@ea165f8d65b6e75b540449e92b4886f43607fa02    # 4.6.2
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4    # 5.0.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif

From 3d6a7e113633e1a33ca254d744c3fcbab61663f3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "Gary D. Gregory" <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 1 Nov 2025 06:50:22 -0400
Subject: [PATCH 046/174] Javadoc

---
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
index 4e764bf94ad..dcada2f8f3f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
@@ -659,7 +659,7 @@ void testTailerEndOfFileReached() throws Exception {
             // write a few lines
             writeLines(file, "line7", "line8", "line9");
             TestUtils.sleep(testDelayMillis);
-            // May be > 3 times due to underlying OS behavior wrt streams
+            // May be > 3 times due to underlying OS behavior and streams.
             assertTrue(listener.reachedEndOfFile >= 3, "end of file reached at least 3 times");
         }
     }

From d715865ee705fdb8ed786582bd6bd4ee996b0665 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebb <sebb@apache.org>
Date: Sat, 1 Nov 2025 16:59:41 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 047/174] Add dependabot email [skip ci]

---
 .asf.yaml | 5 +++--
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.asf.yaml b/.asf.yaml
index 5ea25ac8897..33a8dd8c4ff 100644
--- a/.asf.yaml
+++ b/.asf.yaml
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ notifications:
     pullrequests: issues@commons.apache.org
     jira_options: link label
     jobs:         notifications@commons.apache.org
-    issues_bot_dependabot: notifications@commons.apache.org
-    pullrequests_bot_dependabot: notifications@commons.apache.org
+    # commits_bot_dependabot: dependabot@commons.apache.org
+    issues_bot_dependabot: dependabot@commons.apache.org
+    pullrequests_bot_dependabot: dependabot@commons.apache.org
     issues_bot_codecov-commenter: notifications@commons.apache.org
     pullrequests_bot_codecov-commenter: notifications@commons.apache.org

From 9e511181a03096b77c3a4b9c6077a4ac0b56b510 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2025 09:51:57 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 048/174] Use HTTPS in URL

---
 src/site/xdoc/description.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/description.xml b/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
index ac5ab0a77ed..94b7d1bf0ee 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ limitations under the License.
         </ul>
         <p>
             For more information, see
-            <a href="http://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html">http://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html</a>
+            <a href="http://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html">https://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html</a>
          </p>
     </section>
     <section name="Line iterator">

From 34a961c3ed58ed96c73836db154ae50f0c45110f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2025 10:25:35 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 049/174] Use HTTPS in URL

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java  |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java | 10 +++----
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 28 +++++++++----------
 .../ValidatingObjectInputStream.java          |  2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/building.xml                    |  4 +--
 src/site/xdoc/description.xml                 |  2 +-
 6 files changed, 24 insertions(+), 24 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
index 0067f7d2d6f..9624a0ba8b4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@
  *
  * @see org.apache.commons.io.input.BOMInputStream
  * @see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Byte_order_mark">Wikipedia: Byte Order Mark</a>
- * @see <a href="http://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-guessing">W3C: Autodetection of Character Encodings
+ * @see <a href="https://www.w3.org/TR/2006/REC-xml-20060816/#sec-guessing">W3C: Autodetection of Character Encodings
  *      (Non-Normative)</a>
  * @since 2.0
  */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index b3243a30a4f..bb9ac470c75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@
  * released when the associated Stream is garbage-collected. It is not a good
  * idea to rely on this mechanism. For a good overview of the distinction
  * between "memory management" and "resource management", see
- * <a href="http://www.unixreview.com/articles/1998/9804/9804ja/ja.htm">this
+ * <a href="https://www.unixreview.com/articles/1998/9804/9804ja/ja.htm">this
  * UnixReview article</a>.
  * <p>
  * For byte-to-char methods, a {@code copy} variant allows the encoding
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output) throws IOExcept
      * @param input the byte array to read from
      * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
      * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
      */
@@ -206,7 +206,7 @@ public static void copy(
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from
      * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
      * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
      */
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ public static void copy(
      * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
      * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
      * @since 2.5
@@ -327,7 +327,7 @@ public static void copy(
      * @param input the {@link String} to read from
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
      * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
      * @since 2.5
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 5a005fa6792..09a018b036d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -1596,7 +1596,7 @@ public static void copy(final Reader reader, final OutputStream output, final Ch
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Due to the implementation of OutputStreamWriter, this method performs a flush.
@@ -2426,7 +2426,7 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final InputStream input, final Charset char
      * one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
@@ -3080,7 +3080,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final Reader reader, final Charset charset) thr
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
@@ -3207,7 +3207,7 @@ public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream, final Charset ch
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
@@ -3277,7 +3277,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final CharSequence input, final Charset
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the CharSequence to convert.
@@ -3322,7 +3322,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final String input, final Charset charse
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the string to convert.
@@ -3355,7 +3355,7 @@ public static String toString(final byte[] input) {
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the byte array to read.
@@ -3413,7 +3413,7 @@ public static String toString(final InputStream input, final Charset charset) th
      * using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
@@ -3639,7 +3639,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final Writer writer, final Charset c
     /**
      * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#String(byte[], String)}.
@@ -3698,7 +3698,7 @@ public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output, final Cha
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@code char[]} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#String(char[])} and {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
@@ -3775,7 +3775,7 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, fin
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@link CharSequence} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
@@ -3858,7 +3858,7 @@ public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output, final Cha
      * {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
@@ -3918,7 +3918,7 @@ public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output) //N
      * {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
@@ -4064,7 +4064,7 @@ public static void writeLines(final Collection<?> lines, String lineEnding, fina
      * Writes the {@link #toString()} value of each item in a collection to an {@link OutputStream} line by line, using the specified character encoding and the
      * specified line ending.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="http://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param lines       the lines to write, null entries produce blank lines.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
index 6141cc59b1c..d2e51425b24 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@
  * }
  * }</pre>
  * <p>
- * Design inspired by a <a href="http://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/se-lookahead/">IBM DeveloperWorks Article</a>.
+ * Design inspired by a <a href="https://www.ibm.com/developerworks/library/se-lookahead/">IBM DeveloperWorks Article</a>.
  * </p>
  *
  * @since 2.5
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/building.xml b/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
index be5de6b1a1d..bef84849f24 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/building.xml
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 <body>
 <section name="Overview">
 <p>
-  Commons IO uses <a href="http://maven.apache.org">Maven</a> its build system.
+  Commons IO uses <a href="https://maven.apache.org">Maven</a> its build system.
 </p>
 <p>
   Commons IO requires a minimum of JDK 8 to build.
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 </section>
 <section name="Maven Goals">
   <p>
-    The following <a href="http://maven.apache.org">Maven</a> commands can be used to build io:
+    The following <a href="https://maven.apache.org">Maven</a> commands can be used to build io:
   </p>
   <ul>
     <li><code>mvn</code> - runs the default Maven goal which performs all build checks</li>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/description.xml b/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
index 94b7d1bf0ee..230a43a8410 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/description.xml
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ limitations under the License.
         </ul>
         <p>
             For more information, see
-            <a href="http://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html">https://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html</a>
+            <a href="https://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html">https://www.cs.umass.edu/~verts/cs32/endian.html</a>
          </p>
     </section>
     <section name="Line iterator">

From 0f499d060adbd4b36bbd9f47393a7ea6af8149ff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2025 15:43:03 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 050/174] Use new oak logo

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg  | 29 +++++++++++++++++
 src/main/javadoc/overview.html                | 32 ++++++++-----------
 src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg            | 29 +++++++++++++++++
 src/site/xdoc/index.xml                       |  2 +-
 4 files changed, 72 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
 create mode 100644 src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..261459fafa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<svg id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 650 1000">
+  <defs>
+    <style>
+      .cls-1 {
+        fill: #7c297d;
+      }
+
+      .cls-2 {
+        fill: #f79a23;
+      }
+
+      .cls-3 {
+        fill: #dd552c;
+      }
+
+      .cls-4 {
+        fill: #d22128;
+      }
+    </style>
+  </defs>
+  <path class="cls-3" d="M276.7092915,398.1515795c25.5279479-63.1242453,54.0110775-126.1246793,84.5729347-181.9636035-45.6212286-33.8852148-89.4276433-106.9534674-107.4259055-139.3268803-6.4642564,7.3439687-10.6608099,15.8022396-12.563595,22.6835448-16.9556402,61.2214602,43.4023987,135.1498759-5.21311,108.1394499-40.5058645-22.5076023-131.7157397-71.797557-166.5067324-22.8073561,38.9647388,50.0654049,140.8777805,176.0271745,207.1364082,213.2748452Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-2" d="M361.2822261,216.187976c29.6137228-54.1055651,61.1725873-101.4927347,93.8913687-135.6320886,0,0-32.6340684,47.2372927-79.2457879,141.6662634,28.2289905,7.7740502,108.6249208,23.7261667,220.6090393-5.2000772,2.7531737-20.350678-10.9279818-42.734469-79.1056856-50.2283145-44.5101845-4.8872906,53.4246026-106.2822795-17.5225659-154.2363748-2.2905102-1.5509002-4.5419221-2.9193416-6.7477192-4.1444224-2.3784814-.8536468-4.8905488-1.6356133-7.5720422-2.3328667-82.8591248-21.6213736-94.3442577,118.8784564-127.4084076,88.6750006-53.431119-48.8077421-87.1566823-37.404064-104.3241051-17.894,17.9982622,32.3734129,61.8046769,105.4416655,107.4259055,139.3268803Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-4" d="M210.0661969,580.0239535c18.7052902-56.0344158,41.2063761-118.989235,66.6430946-181.872374-66.2586277-37.2476707-168.1716694-163.2094403-207.1364082-213.2748452-6.9562436,9.787614-11.7099483,23.4394457-13.2934304,42.1088958-8.4973692,100.2806866,94.9567981,174.521889,74.3324318,188.0824913-27.2808561,17.9396147-81.5786546-43.0928703-102.978471-4.3138485,31.0180043,39.8477093,94.2008971,111.8472744,182.4327833,169.2696807Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-3" d="M496.7155649,363.7515701c-52.3819806-18.6824828,54.7376547-68.786986,89.5221309-121.9411586,4.4506926-6.7965921,9.0512622-15.5806824,10.2991504-24.7883379-111.9841185,28.9262439-192.3800488,12.9741274-220.6090393,5.2000772-24.1301828,48.8924551-51.9942555,110.5048986-81.0540854,184.7917156,30.2653616,12.9415455,153.8421334,60.7457639,328.3900879,60.9933866,29.3465509-76.4372249-76.8347245-86.5311091-126.5482445-104.255683Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-4" d="M230.3060964,590.1113213c30.7801562,9.5921223,132.7681363,38.244678,241.0835287,33.9308295,14.5510932-39.3980786-39.8509675-43.2427472-44.282111-74.84071-3.430878-24.4494858,143.1682907,20.5461697,190.3371613-68.3569045,2.3849978-4.4963073,4.2454264-8.7384756,5.819134-12.8372833-174.5479545-.2476227-298.1247263-48.0518411-328.3900879-60.9933866-21.2369067,54.2880239-43.0830957,115.2162467-64.5676252,183.0974549Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-1" d="M230.3060964,590.1113213c-13.8310324,43.6923779-27.4763477,90.3692613-40.7209052,139.6983144-4.6983154,17.4899839-9.3412414,35.3057873-13.9190036,53.5125738,102.8057868,33.9373459,197.4726056.0781966,200.6819264-41.8873386.0260655-.3323358-.0358401-.5799585-.016291-.8992615,2.4469035-44.4482789-64.1733837-19.8098179-62.5964179-46.5335229,1.5834822-26.9191966,116.3077416-.1563933,151.7862131-57.872037,2.7205918-4.4246271,4.4930492-8.3540087,5.8680069-12.0878987-108.3153924,4.3138485-210.3033725-24.3387072-241.0835287-33.9308295Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-1" d="M27.6334136,410.7542728c-1.4987691,2.7173336-2.8509195,5.8582323-4.0043201,9.6116715-19.9238547,64.7533422,120.9604422,151.7405984,101.7924885,170.7032859-17.2782014,17.0859679-39.7955782-21.9602257-67.5619052-5.8321668-3.0431529,1.7724574-6.1319206,4.0075783-9.3021431,7.2592556-31.4024712,32.1714049-.4919873,124.8539837,88.6033203,174.3263973-20.7905342,69.8100589-41.489839,147.8047004-61.7525458,229.3703222,7.3504851-2.573973,16.1476081-5.1544625,18.3371143-12.0878987,3.2875175-13.5149876,23.6056136-95.7517973,56.5948251-207.3188671,0,0,6.021142-22.8529708,17.0436114-60.5046576,10.19163-34.8170582,24.6743011-82.3019736,42.6823379-136.2576618-88.2318862-57.4224063-151.414779-129.4219714-182.4327833-169.2696807Z"/>
+</svg>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
index 0ffd28dace2..a2204feeade 100644
--- a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
+++ b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
@@ -17,24 +17,18 @@
 -->
 <html>
 <body>
-<img alt="Apache Commons IO" src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png">
-<h1>Apache Commons IO</h1>
-<h2>Introduction</h2>
-<p>
-The Apache Commons IO component contains utility classes,
-filters, streams, readers and writers.
-</p>
-<p>
-These classes aim to add to the standard JDK IO classes.
-The utilities provide convenience wrappers around the JDK, simplifying
-various operations into pre-tested units of code.
-The filters and streams provide useful implementations that perhaps should
-be in the JDK itself.
-</p>
-<h2>Requirements</h2>
-<ul>
-<li>Java 8 or above.</li>
-<li>If using OSGi, R7 or above.</li>
-</ul>
+  <a href="https://commons.apache.org/io"> <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png" alt="Apache Commons IO">
+  </a>
+  <h1>
+    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files//leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Introduction
+  </h1>
+  <p>Apache Commons IO is a library of utilities to assist with developing IO functionality as the package list below describes.</p>
+  <h1>
+    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files//leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Requirements
+  </h1>
+  <ul>
+    <li>Java 8 or above.</li>
+    <li>If using OSGi, R7 or above.</li>
+  </ul>
 </body>
 </html>
diff --git a/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg b/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..261459fafa6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<svg id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 650 1000">
+  <defs>
+    <style>
+      .cls-1 {
+        fill: #7c297d;
+      }
+
+      .cls-2 {
+        fill: #f79a23;
+      }
+
+      .cls-3 {
+        fill: #dd552c;
+      }
+
+      .cls-4 {
+        fill: #d22128;
+      }
+    </style>
+  </defs>
+  <path class="cls-3" d="M276.7092915,398.1515795c25.5279479-63.1242453,54.0110775-126.1246793,84.5729347-181.9636035-45.6212286-33.8852148-89.4276433-106.9534674-107.4259055-139.3268803-6.4642564,7.3439687-10.6608099,15.8022396-12.563595,22.6835448-16.9556402,61.2214602,43.4023987,135.1498759-5.21311,108.1394499-40.5058645-22.5076023-131.7157397-71.797557-166.5067324-22.8073561,38.9647388,50.0654049,140.8777805,176.0271745,207.1364082,213.2748452Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-2" d="M361.2822261,216.187976c29.6137228-54.1055651,61.1725873-101.4927347,93.8913687-135.6320886,0,0-32.6340684,47.2372927-79.2457879,141.6662634,28.2289905,7.7740502,108.6249208,23.7261667,220.6090393-5.2000772,2.7531737-20.350678-10.9279818-42.734469-79.1056856-50.2283145-44.5101845-4.8872906,53.4246026-106.2822795-17.5225659-154.2363748-2.2905102-1.5509002-4.5419221-2.9193416-6.7477192-4.1444224-2.3784814-.8536468-4.8905488-1.6356133-7.5720422-2.3328667-82.8591248-21.6213736-94.3442577,118.8784564-127.4084076,88.6750006-53.431119-48.8077421-87.1566823-37.404064-104.3241051-17.894,17.9982622,32.3734129,61.8046769,105.4416655,107.4259055,139.3268803Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-4" d="M210.0661969,580.0239535c18.7052902-56.0344158,41.2063761-118.989235,66.6430946-181.872374-66.2586277-37.2476707-168.1716694-163.2094403-207.1364082-213.2748452-6.9562436,9.787614-11.7099483,23.4394457-13.2934304,42.1088958-8.4973692,100.2806866,94.9567981,174.521889,74.3324318,188.0824913-27.2808561,17.9396147-81.5786546-43.0928703-102.978471-4.3138485,31.0180043,39.8477093,94.2008971,111.8472744,182.4327833,169.2696807Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-3" d="M496.7155649,363.7515701c-52.3819806-18.6824828,54.7376547-68.786986,89.5221309-121.9411586,4.4506926-6.7965921,9.0512622-15.5806824,10.2991504-24.7883379-111.9841185,28.9262439-192.3800488,12.9741274-220.6090393,5.2000772-24.1301828,48.8924551-51.9942555,110.5048986-81.0540854,184.7917156,30.2653616,12.9415455,153.8421334,60.7457639,328.3900879,60.9933866,29.3465509-76.4372249-76.8347245-86.5311091-126.5482445-104.255683Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-4" d="M230.3060964,590.1113213c30.7801562,9.5921223,132.7681363,38.244678,241.0835287,33.9308295,14.5510932-39.3980786-39.8509675-43.2427472-44.282111-74.84071-3.430878-24.4494858,143.1682907,20.5461697,190.3371613-68.3569045,2.3849978-4.4963073,4.2454264-8.7384756,5.819134-12.8372833-174.5479545-.2476227-298.1247263-48.0518411-328.3900879-60.9933866-21.2369067,54.2880239-43.0830957,115.2162467-64.5676252,183.0974549Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-1" d="M230.3060964,590.1113213c-13.8310324,43.6923779-27.4763477,90.3692613-40.7209052,139.6983144-4.6983154,17.4899839-9.3412414,35.3057873-13.9190036,53.5125738,102.8057868,33.9373459,197.4726056.0781966,200.6819264-41.8873386.0260655-.3323358-.0358401-.5799585-.016291-.8992615,2.4469035-44.4482789-64.1733837-19.8098179-62.5964179-46.5335229,1.5834822-26.9191966,116.3077416-.1563933,151.7862131-57.872037,2.7205918-4.4246271,4.4930492-8.3540087,5.8680069-12.0878987-108.3153924,4.3138485-210.3033725-24.3387072-241.0835287-33.9308295Z"/>
+  <path class="cls-1" d="M27.6334136,410.7542728c-1.4987691,2.7173336-2.8509195,5.8582323-4.0043201,9.6116715-19.9238547,64.7533422,120.9604422,151.7405984,101.7924885,170.7032859-17.2782014,17.0859679-39.7955782-21.9602257-67.5619052-5.8321668-3.0431529,1.7724574-6.1319206,4.0075783-9.3021431,7.2592556-31.4024712,32.1714049-.4919873,124.8539837,88.6033203,174.3263973-20.7905342,69.8100589-41.489839,147.8047004-61.7525458,229.3703222,7.3504851-2.573973,16.1476081-5.1544625,18.3371143-12.0878987,3.2875175-13.5149876,23.6056136-95.7517973,56.5948251-207.3188671,0,0,6.021142-22.8529708,17.0436114-60.5046576,10.19163-34.8170582,24.6743011-82.3019736,42.6823379-136.2576618-88.2318862-57.4224063-151.414779-129.4219714-182.4327833-169.2696807Z"/>
+</svg>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/index.xml b/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
index 54022e401ae..403c225db03 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/index.xml
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ limitations under the License.
         Apache Commons IO is a library of utilities to assist with developing IO functionality.
       </p>
       <p>
-        Main areas include:
+        The Commons IO packages include:
       </p>
       <ul>
         <li>

From adcf1350152faf4dbd8cf53fb2f2649f25dbe227 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 2 Nov 2025 16:42:34 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 051/174] Add license header

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg     | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg               | 16 ++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 32 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
index 261459fafa6..71de588c648 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg
@@ -1,4 +1,20 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+-->
 <svg id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 650 1000">
   <defs>
     <style>
diff --git a/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg b/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg
index 261459fafa6..71de588c648 100644
--- a/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg
+++ b/src/site/resources/images/leaf.svg
@@ -1,4 +1,20 @@
 <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
+<!--
+   Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+   contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+   this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+   The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+   (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+   the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+
+       https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+
+   Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+   distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+   WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+   See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+   limitations under the License.
+-->
 <svg id="Layer_1" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 650 1000">
   <defs>
     <style>

From f141f09d91368543e4f0754cbd649c484768c55c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2025 20:16:31 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 052/174] Prepare for the next release candidate

---
 README.md                     |  6 +--
 RELEASE-NOTES.txt             | 78 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/changes/changes.xml       |  2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml | 26 ++++++------
 4 files changed, 95 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index bb31ce854a6..36a82594a8e 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Apache Commons IO
 
 [![Java CI](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/maven.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/maven.yml)
 [![Maven Central](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/commons-io/commons-io?label=Maven%20Central)](https://search.maven.org/artifact/commons-io/commons-io)
-[![Javadocs](https://javadoc.io/badge/commons-io/commons-io/2.20.0.svg)](https://javadoc.io/doc/commons-io/commons-io/2.20.0)
+[![Javadocs](https://javadoc.io/badge/commons-io/commons-io/2.21.0.svg)](https://javadoc.io/doc/commons-io/commons-io/2.21.0)
 [![CodeQL](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml)
 [![OpenSSF Scorecard](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/apache/commons-io/badge)](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/apache/commons-io)
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Alternatively, you can pull it from the central Maven repositories:
 <dependency>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
-  <version>2.20.0</version>
+  <version>2.21.0</version>
 </dependency>
 ```
 
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ There are some guidelines which will make applying PRs easier for us:
 + Respect the existing code style for each file.
 + Create minimal diffs - disable on save actions like reformat source code or organize imports. If you feel the source code should be reformatted create a separate PR for this change.
 + Provide JUnit tests for your changes and make sure your changes don't break any existing tests by running `mvn`.
-+ Before you pushing a PR, run `mvn` (by itself), this runs the default goal, which contains all build checks.
++ Before you push a PR, run `mvn` (without arguments). This runs the default goal which contains all build checks.
 + To see the code coverage report, regardless of coverage failures, run `mvn clean site -Dcommons.jacoco.haltOnFailure=false -Pjacoco`
 
 If you plan to contribute on a regular basis, please consider filing a [contributor license agreement](https://www.apache.org/licenses/#clas).
diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index 1f30f8b0f5a..3f84b517499 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,82 @@
 
+Apache Commons IO 2.21.0 Release Notes
+
+The Apache Commons IO team is pleased to announce the release of Apache Commons IO 2.21.0.
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters,
+file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
+
+Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.
+
+New features
+------------
+
+o          FileUtils#byteCountToDisplaySize() supports Zettabyte, Yottabyte, Ronnabyte and Quettabyte #763. Thanks to strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_RB #763. Thanks to strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.FileUtils.ONE_QB #763. Thanks to strangelookingnerd, Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.output.ProxyOutputStream.writeRepeat(byte[], int, int, long). Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.output.ProxyOutputStream.writeRepeat(byte[], long). Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.output.ProxyOutputStream.writeRepeat(int, long). Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add length unit support in FileSystem limits. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Add IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream, int, int) for safer chunked reading with size validation. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.file.PathUtils.getPath(String, String). Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add org.apache.commons.io.channels.ByteArraySeekableByteChannel. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add IOIterable.asIterable(). Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add NIO channel support to `AbstractStreamBuilder`. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Add CloseShieldChannel to close-shielded NIO Channels #786. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Added IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize as a Java 8 backport of Objects.checkFromIndexSize #790. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+
+Fixed Bugs
+----------
+
+o          When testing on Java 21 and up, enable -XX:+EnableDynamicAgentLoading. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          When testing on Java 24 and up, don't fail FileUtilsListFilesTest for a different behavior in the JRE. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          ValidatingObjectInputStream does not validate dynamic proxy interfaces. Thanks to Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory. 
+o          BoundedInputStream.getRemaining() now reports Long.MAX_VALUE instead of 0 when no limit is set. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          BoundedInputStream.available() correctly accounts for the maximum read limit. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Deprecate IOUtils.readFully(InputStream, int) in favor of toByteArray(InputStream, int). Thanks to Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          IOUtils.toByteArray(InputStream) now throws IOException on byte array overflow. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Javadoc general improvements. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          IOUtils.toByteArray() now throws EOFException when not enough data is available #796. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Fix IOUtils.skip() usage in concurrent scenarios. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          [javadoc] Fix XmlStreamReader Javadoc to indicate the correct class that is built #806. Thanks to J Hawkins. 
+
+Changes
+-------
+
+o          Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 85 to 91 #774, #783, #808. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          [test] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.18.0 to 1.19.0. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          [test] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.6 to 1.17.8 #769. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          [test] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-lang3 from 3.18.0 to 3.19.0. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+
+Removed
+-------
+
+o          Inline private constant field ProxyInputStream.exceptionHandler #780. Thanks to Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+Commons IO 2.7 and up requires Java 8 or above.
+Commons IO 2.6 requires Java 7 or above.
+Commons IO 2.3 through 2.5 requires Java 6 or above.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires Java 5 or above.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires Java 1.3 or above.
+
+Historical list of changes: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/changes.html
+
+For complete information on Apache Commons IO, including instructions on how to submit bug reports,
+patches, or suggestions for improvement, see the Apache Commons IO website:
+
+https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/
+
+Download page: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/download_io.cgi
+
+Have fun!
+-Apache Commons Team
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
 Apache Commons IO 2.20.0 Release Notes
 
 The Apache Commons IO team is pleased to announce the release of Apache Commons IO 2.20.0.
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 07bb304a545..23a7d3b40d6 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <title>Apache Commons IO Release Notes</title>
   </properties>
   <body>
-    <release version="2.21.0" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
+    <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory">When testing on Java 21 and up, enable -XX:+EnableDynamicAgentLoading.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory">When testing on Java 24 and up, don't fail FileUtilsListFilesTest for a different behavior in the JRE.</action>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
index 567d2653265..6a0ba144cd9 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
@@ -115,32 +115,32 @@ limitations under the License.
       </p>
     </subsection>
     </section>
-    <section name="Apache Commons IO 2.20.0 (requires Java 8)">
+    <section name="Apache Commons IO 2.21.0 (requires Java 8)">
       <subsection name="Binaries">
         <table>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.tar.gz">commons-io-2.20.0-bin.tar.gz</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz">commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.zip">commons-io-2.20.0-bin.zip</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.20.0-bin.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip">commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
         </table>
       </subsection>
       <subsection name="Source">
         <table>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.tar.gz">commons-io-2.20.0-src.tar.gz</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz">commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.zip">commons-io-2.20.0-src.zip</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.20.0-src.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip">commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
         </table>
       </subsection>

From 54073d3b5fdd2985b98a48040ede95eb59c7ee53 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 4 Nov 2025 20:23:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 053/174] Prepare for the release candidate 2.21.0 RC1

---
 pom.xml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index f60efbc76db..59e438881c2 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
-  <version>2.21.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  <version>2.21.0</version>
   <name>Apache Commons IO</name>
   <inceptionYear>2002</inceptionYear>
   <description>
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <commons.release.version>2.21.0</commons.release.version>
     <commons.release.next>2.21.1</commons.release.next>
     <!-- project.build.outputTimestamp is managed by Maven plugins, see https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-reproducible-builds.html -->
-    <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-07-18T21:12:04Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
+    <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-11-04T20:17:29Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
     <commons.release.desc>(requires Java 8)</commons.release.desc>
     <commons.jira.id>IO</commons.jira.id>
     <commons.jira.pid>12310477</commons.jira.pid>

From 764a439dedc5d77a6693cf19667a4e86be27b2bf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Nov 2025 07:09:30 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 054/174] Upgrade from deprecated macos-13 to macos-latest in
 GitHub CI

---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index ee6b9c99a12..77997ee2faf 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ jobs:
     continue-on-error: ${{ matrix.experimental }}
     strategy:
       matrix:
-        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macos-13]
+        os: [ubuntu-latest, windows-latest, macos-latest]
         java: [ 8, 11, 17, 21, 25 ]
         experimental: [false]
         # Keep the same parameter order as the matrix above
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ jobs:
     - name: Set up JDK ${{ matrix.java }}
       uses: actions/setup-java@dded0888837ed1f317902acf8a20df0ad188d165 # v5.0.0
       with:
-        distribution: 'temurin'
+        distribution: ${{ runner.os == 'macOS' && matrix.java == '8' && 'zulu' || 'temurin' }}
         java-version: ${{ matrix.java }}
         # these values cause the plugin to set up the Maven settings.xml file
         server-id: apache.snapshots.https # Value of the distributionManagement/repository/id field of the pom.xml

From 7c357c162f48dc1f906332f9c98ff9ecb0ce4119 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 5 Nov 2025 07:40:16 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 055/174] Typo

---
 src/main/javadoc/overview.html | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
index a2204feeade..e592a25591e 100644
--- a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
+++ b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ <h1>
   </h1>
   <p>Apache Commons IO is a library of utilities to assist with developing IO functionality as the package list below describes.</p>
   <h1>
-    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files//leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Requirements
+    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Requirements
   </h1>
   <ul>
     <li>Java 8 or above.</li>

From ae5e7be386644ff4d31917da6452c283f9c3ac74 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Nov 2025 16:43:22 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 056/174] Fix typos

---
 src/main/javadoc/overview.html | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
index e592a25591e..7de36f6ede9 100644
--- a/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
+++ b/src/main/javadoc/overview.html
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@
   <a href="https://commons.apache.org/io"> <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/logo.png" alt="Apache Commons IO">
   </a>
   <h1>
-    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files//leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Introduction
+    <img src="org/apache/commons/io/doc-files/leaf.svg" style="height: 1em; padding-right: 0.25em" alt="leaf">Introduction
   </h1>
   <p>Apache Commons IO is a library of utilities to assist with developing IO functionality as the package list below describes.</p>
   <h1>

From e6ef23e6325061f732e8261c4b08fa63bed97a48 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Nov 2025 21:58:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 057/174] Bump to next development version

---
 pom.xml | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 59e438881c2..c23957da7d3 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
-  <version>2.21.0</version>
+  <version>2.21.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>Apache Commons IO</name>
   <inceptionYear>2002</inceptionYear>
   <description>
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <commons.release.version>2.21.0</commons.release.version>
     <commons.release.next>2.21.1</commons.release.next>
     <!-- project.build.outputTimestamp is managed by Maven plugins, see https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-reproducible-builds.html -->
-    <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-11-04T20:17:29Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
+    <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-11-06T21:58:17Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
     <commons.release.desc>(requires Java 8)</commons.release.desc>
     <commons.jira.id>IO</commons.jira.id>
     <commons.jira.pid>12310477</commons.jira.pid>

From f107caf609366f1033ac9812628f69aeefb73d05 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 6 Nov 2025 21:59:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 058/174] Updates for the next release

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 5 +++++
 1 file changed, 5 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 23a7d3b40d6..dc1d3370d9b 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -45,6 +45,11 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <title>Apache Commons IO Release Notes</title>
   </properties>
   <body>
+    <release version="2.21.1" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
+      <!-- FIX -->
+      <!-- ADD -->
+      <!-- UPDATE -->
+    </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory"                due-to="Gary Gregory">When testing on Java 21 and up, enable -XX:+EnableDynamicAgentLoading.</action>

From 0071af06884917f81974b53d5d9718406b70b25a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2025 20:10:14 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 059/174] Updates for the next release

---
 pom.xml | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index c23957da7d3..a6b7621fff4 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <commons.componentid>io</commons.componentid>
     <commons.module.name>org.apache.commons.io</commons.module.name>
     <commons.rc.version>RC1</commons.rc.version>
-    <commons.bc.version>2.20.0</commons.bc.version>
-    <commons.release.version>2.21.0</commons.release.version>
-    <commons.release.next>2.21.1</commons.release.next>
+    <commons.bc.version>2.21.0</commons.bc.version>
+    <commons.release.version>2.21.1</commons.release.version>
+    <commons.release.next>2.21.2</commons.release.next>
     <!-- project.build.outputTimestamp is managed by Maven plugins, see https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-reproducible-builds.html -->
     <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-11-06T21:58:17Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
     <commons.release.desc>(requires Java 8)</commons.release.desc>

From 3f6d4ff1300b8b94f63e0322dd8a966ad30c7d28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2025 15:16:54 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 060/174] Typo

---
 CONTRIBUTING.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index f708680735d..71936d344fd 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Making Changes
 + Respect the original code style:
   + Only use spaces for indentation; you can check for unnecessary whitespace with `git diff` before committing.
   + Create minimal diffs - disable _On Save_ actions like _Reformat Source Code_ or _Organize Imports_. If you feel the source code should be reformatted create a separate PR for this change first.
-+ Write unit tests that match behavioral changes, where the tests fail if the changes to the runtime are not applied. This may not always be possible but is a best-practice.
++ Write unit tests that match behavioral changes, where the tests fail if the changes to the runtime are not applied. This may not always be possible but is a best practice.
 Unit tests are typically in the `src/test/java` directory.
 + Run a successful build using the default [Maven](https://maven.apache.org/) goal with `mvn`; that's `mvn` on the command line by itself.
 + Write a pull request description that is detailed enough to understand what the pull request does, how, and why.

From ccc02e73813fc6d25ef83ffccfdab00dd207cf2f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 7 Nov 2025 22:05:08 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 061/174] Javadoc

Use emphasis instead of italics
---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStream.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStream.java
index 5f701945cb3..d672d23fa2b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStream.java
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public int read() {
 
     /**
      * Reads up to {@code length} bytes of data from the input stream into
-     * an array of bytes.  The first byte is read while honoring the timeout; the rest are read while <i>not</i> honoring
+     * an array of bytes.  The first byte is read while honoring the timeout; the rest are read while <em>not</em> honoring
      * the timeout. The number of bytes actually read is returned as an integer.
      *
      * @param b     the buffer into which the data is read.

From f07af41b6473660bc489d9d299b708ed621cf04f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 8 Nov 2025 11:21:43 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 062/174] No need to override project/issueManagement/system

---
 pom.xml | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index a6b7621fff4..a64102d167c 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -33,7 +33,6 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
   </description>
   <url>https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/</url>
   <issueManagement>
-    <system>jira</system>
     <url>https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO</url>
   </issueManagement>
   <distributionManagement>

From 3c659ecd0b8be87d8e60d437da1c08d7a170da1d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 10 Nov 2025 06:11:21 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 063/174] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to
 1.20.0 (#812)

Bumps [commons-codec:commons-codec](https://github.com/apache/commons-codec) from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0.
- [Changelog](https://github.com/apache/commons-codec/blob/master/RELEASE-NOTES.txt)
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/commons-codec/compare/rel/commons-codec-1.19.0...rel/commons-codec-1.20.0)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: commons-codec:commons-codec
  dependency-version: 1.20.0
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index a64102d167c..4412e13dfa0 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
-      <version>1.19.0</version>
+      <version>1.20.0</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>

From 524ab6dd60b0b5f553352b1d58dce846c9a7c971 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 10 Nov 2025 06:12:00 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 064/174] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to
 1.20.0 #812

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index dc1d3370d9b..89fafc47369 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- FIX -->
       <!-- ADD -->
       <!-- UPDATE -->
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->

From baf2c57bfebaf71e356ff1c71a7e32a737bc4c3f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 13 Nov 2025 21:47:13 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 065/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.2 to 4.31.3
 (#815)

Bumps [github/codeql-action](https://github.com/github/codeql-action) from 4.31.2 to 4.31.3.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/github/codeql-action/compare/0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee...014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: github/codeql-action
  dependency-version: 4.31.3
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 276e14f41de..5525f89ae53 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 3215897f03b..b76ddb09f6f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@0499de31b99561a6d14a36a5f662c2a54f91beee    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 60f411cbff62725c484d1ab6b4ded5cc9298431b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 13 Nov 2025 21:54:00 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 066/174] Bump actions/dependency-review-action from 4.8.1 to
 4.8.2 (#813)

Bumps [actions/dependency-review-action](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action) from 4.8.1 to 4.8.2.
- [Release notes](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/releases)
- [Commits](https://github.com/actions/dependency-review-action/compare/40c09b7dc99638e5ddb0bfd91c1673effc064d8a...3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: actions/dependency-review-action
  dependency-version: 4.8.2
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index a657a4ae2cd..11834ed9d1e 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -28,4 +28,4 @@ jobs:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
         uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
-        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@40c09b7dc99638e5ddb0bfd91c1673effc064d8a # v4.8.1
+        uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261 # v4.8.2

From 6c44e829ff0a10726b8f3b0fb04026f895e2e395 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 08:25:04 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 067/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92
 (#816)

Bumps [org.apache.commons:commons-parent](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent) from 91 to 92.
- [Changelog](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent/blob/master/RELEASE-NOTES.txt)
- [Commits](https://github.com/apache/commons-parent/commits)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: org.apache.commons:commons-parent
  dependency-version: '92'
  dependency-type: direct:production
  update-type: version-update:semver-major
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 4412e13dfa0..f61cb690a62 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>91</version>
+    <version>92</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>

From 6a003a616cdc99b2111b13b36208bf5809eac57e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 08:25:35 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 068/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92
 #816

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 89fafc47369..fa54c2254f3 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- FIX -->
       <!-- ADD -->
       <!-- UPDATE -->
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">

From adf79ee11a9cb8ddb14fcf67e1b21f6a0e652248 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 08:25:55 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 069/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1
 (#814)

Bumps `commons.bytebuddy.version` from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1.

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy` from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.17.8...byte-buddy-1.18.1)

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent` from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.17.8...byte-buddy-1.18.1)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy
  dependency-version: 1.18.1
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent
  dependency-version: 1.18.1
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-minor
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index f61cb690a62..e1678777807 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     </commons.osgi.import>
     <commons.scmPubUrl>https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</commons.scmPubUrl>
     <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
-    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.17.8</commons.bytebuddy.version>
+    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.1</commons.bytebuddy.version>
     <japicmp.skip>false</japicmp.skip>
     <commons.release.isDistModule>true</commons.release.isDistModule>
     <!-- JaCoCo: Don't make code coverage worse than: -->

From 2227467038e8b1c44ed9b474136e60ad15d609c9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 14 Nov 2025 08:26:26 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 070/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1
 #814

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index fa54c2254f3..80985b3cd82 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1 #814.</action>
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->

From 0e5b109650c0fca710ccaa5bd2c9371f8768abfc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Sebb <sebb@apache.org>
Date: Sat, 15 Nov 2025 17:45:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 071/174] Dependabot => quarterly

---
 .github/dependabot.yml | 6 ++----
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/dependabot.yml b/.github/dependabot.yml
index 00079caf1bc..90ec55f742e 100644
--- a/.github/dependabot.yml
+++ b/.github/dependabot.yml
@@ -18,10 +18,8 @@ updates:
   - package-ecosystem: "maven"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:
-      interval: "weekly"
-      day: "friday"
+      interval: "quarterly"
   - package-ecosystem: "github-actions"
     directory: "/"
     schedule:
-      interval: "weekly"
-      day: "friday"
+      interval: "quarterly"

From 7aeb468d30704cf3a59da8fd0a4a2b62e0bdfb21 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 16 Nov 2025 09:18:23 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 072/174] Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index e1678777807..0564612c87a 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId>
-      <version>3.19.0</version>
+      <version>3.20.0</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 80985b3cd82..660d3d4ea08 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1 #814.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->

From 2758094c62ab8cdf806bf68d1c8e8c210806604a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 14:24:08 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 073/174] Use HTTPS to download XML Schema

---
 src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml    | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml     | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/security.xml       | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
index 6a0ba144cd9..6ca018e32ca 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Download Apache Commons IO</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
index 3cda13d50c6..714f68c3e1b 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons IO Issue tracking</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
index bfb01dd0539..97815e3d51d 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons IO Mailing Lists</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
index 90e0d19e87b..6999a217027 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the 
   License. -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons Security Reports</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>

From ffc72994dd9eb20b9065746dba68f38b30130042 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 14:41:47 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 074/174] Bump CodeQL 4.31.4

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 5525f89ae53..e7ee12a9b84 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index b76ddb09f6f..3bd4258db20 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@014f16e7ab1402f30e7c3329d33797e7948572db    # 3.29.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From a47e410203492a1e6725d3541c3ecb8f92bc8b93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2025 19:44:30 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 075/174] Bump actions/checkout from v5.0.0 to v6.0.0

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml   | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml               | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index e7ee12a9b84..ccd06a9cb94 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+      uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index 11834ed9d1e..b58ce930163 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
         uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261 # v4.8.2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 77997ee2faf..70c9e12b3a9 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
             experimental: true
             fail-fast: false
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 3bd4258db20..fa9439512e2 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
 
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@08c6903cd8c0fde910a37f88322edcfb5dd907a8 # v5.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 

From e9aeb4c4b43eca6033f8e1b394737a9d198a09d6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 22 Nov 2025 08:49:16 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 076/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 92 to 93

- Inherit scm element
- Inherit ciManagement element
- Inherit issueManagement element
---
 pom.xml                 | 15 +--------------
 src/changes/changes.xml |  2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 15 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 0564612c87a..b0da515511d 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>92</version>
+    <version>93</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
@@ -32,9 +32,6 @@ The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations,
 file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
   </description>
   <url>https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/</url>
-  <issueManagement>
-    <url>https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO</url>
-  </issueManagement>
   <distributionManagement>
     <site>
       <id>apache.website</id>
@@ -42,16 +39,6 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
       <url>scm:svn:https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</url>
     </site>
   </distributionManagement>
-  <scm>
-    <connection>scm:git:https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-io.git</connection>
-    <developerConnection>scm:git:https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf/commons-io.git</developerConnection>
-    <url>https://gitbox.apache.org/repos/asf?p=commons-io.git</url>
-    <tag>rel/commons-io-2.21.0</tag>
-  </scm>
-  <ciManagement>
-    <system>GitHub</system>
-    <url>https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions</url>
-  </ciManagement>
   <dependencies>
     <dependency>
       <groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 660d3d4ea08..78f66f43fb4 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- FIX -->
       <!-- ADD -->
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 92 #816.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1 #814.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      

From dcdbdf33b2880156d4ca9b2f034b8de19df9ecac Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 23 Nov 2025 09:16:03 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 077/174] Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings

---
 pom.xml                 | 10 +++++-----
 src/changes/changes.xml |  1 +
 2 files changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index b0da515511d..7c09d7e3c54 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -156,11 +156,11 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
           <groupId>org.apache.rat</groupId>
           <artifactId>apache-rat-plugin</artifactId>
           <configuration>
-            <excludes>
-              <exclude>src/test/resources/**/*.bin</exclude>
-              <exclude>src/test/resources/dir-equals-tests/**</exclude>
-              <exclude>test/**</exclude>
-            </excludes>
+            <inputExcludes>
+              <inputExclude>src/test/resources/**/*.bin</inputExclude>
+              <inputExclude>src/test/resources/dir-equals-tests/**</inputExclude>
+              <inputExclude>test/**</inputExclude>
+            </inputExcludes>
           </configuration>
         </plugin>
         <plugin>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 78f66f43fb4..153d0c6f4ee 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
   <body>
     <release version="2.21.1" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>

From 7001cee43f800c02b4409cb59d2c26d7b55cc9f6 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Nov 2025 14:55:40 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 078/174] Javadoc

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java         | 2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/file/StandardDeleteOption.java   | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
index 055bbe06a0b..bafcf86ca81 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
@@ -1412,7 +1412,7 @@ private static boolean notExists(final Path path, final LinkOption... options) {
     /**
      * Returns true if the given options contain {@link StandardDeleteOption#OVERRIDE_READ_ONLY}.
      *
-     * @param deleteOptions the array to test
+     * @param deleteOptions the array to test.
      * @return true if the given options contain {@link StandardDeleteOption#OVERRIDE_READ_ONLY}.
      */
     private static boolean overrideReadOnly(final DeleteOption... deleteOptions) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/StandardDeleteOption.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/StandardDeleteOption.java
index e66dff6473e..b4cc6cb1d5e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/StandardDeleteOption.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/StandardDeleteOption.java
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ public enum StandardDeleteOption implements DeleteOption {
      *
      * For now, assume the array is not sorted.
      *
-     * @param options the array to test
+     * @param options the array to test.
      * @return true if the given options contain {@link StandardDeleteOption#OVERRIDE_READ_ONLY}.
      */
     public static boolean overrideReadOnly(final DeleteOption[] options) {

From 903b4d414b8985faaf4e4037075f47cde5cc48e4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Nov 2025 21:29:13 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 079/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.4 to 4.31.5

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index ccd06a9cb94..9579e8edb01 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.

From 6678f81ae4f7be0f2b74a42c923eee135c65d712 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 28 Nov 2025 21:43:09 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 080/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.4 to 4.31.5

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 4 ++--
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 9579e8edb01..22c098c62a8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index fa9439512e2..80db73ab299 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@e12f0178983d466f2f6028f5cc7a6d786fd97f4b # 4.31.4
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 4e6c051a0cf9490437a98f04c2dff5a2109b464a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2025 09:57:41 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 081/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.5 to 4.31.6

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 22c098c62a8..ebe1b727389 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6

From 313950c10e4ca997d0e29fb697af2aa4d82a663f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 1 Dec 2025 16:12:29 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 082/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.5 to 4.31.6

---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 80db73ab299..d2534be3e75 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@fdbfb4d2750291e159f0156def62b853c2798ca2 # 4.31.5
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 62d7cbe88f283a6f153a00814a22727d870532d8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2025 06:18:37 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 083/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.18.1 to 1.18.2

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 7c09d7e3c54..b297ce09ae9 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     </commons.osgi.import>
     <commons.scmPubUrl>https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</commons.scmPubUrl>
     <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
-    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.1</commons.bytebuddy.version>
+    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.2</commons.bytebuddy.version>
     <japicmp.skip>false</japicmp.skip>
     <commons.release.isDistModule>true</commons.release.isDistModule>
     <!-- JaCoCo: Don't make code coverage worse than: -->
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 153d0c6f4ee..49ec68e14ce 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.1 #814.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.2 #814.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">

From 0309fe36b77c4fd309c6e3e3ec2848224d6fa89e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 3 Dec 2025 16:05:39 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 084/174] Bump actions/checkout from 6.0.0 to 6.0.1

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml   | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml               | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index ebe1b727389..7210b467d09 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+      uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index b58ce930163..1df86660448 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
-        uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
         uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261 # v4.8.2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 70c9e12b3a9..c3105291518 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
             experimental: true
             fail-fast: false
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+    - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index d2534be3e75..517413f4637 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
 
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@1af3b93b6815bc44a9784bd300feb67ff0d1eeb3 # v6.0.0
+        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 

From 05e49560b95bad6b1616675316b72494b08ea605 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 4 Dec 2025 07:41:09 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 085/174] Bump actions/setup-java from 5.0.0 to 5.1.0

---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index c3105291518..2b245e642d5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
         restore-keys: |
           ${{ runner.os }}-maven-
     - name: Set up JDK ${{ matrix.java }}
-      uses: actions/setup-java@dded0888837ed1f317902acf8a20df0ad188d165 # v5.0.0
+      uses: actions/setup-java@f2beeb24e141e01a676f977032f5a29d81c9e27e # v5.1.0
       with:
         distribution: ${{ runner.os == 'macOS' && matrix.java == '8' && 'zulu' || 'temurin' }}
         java-version: ${{ matrix.java }}

From a6652024d2d3ee4efd32c96ba9ba862bbe28a1ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 08:03:43 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 086/174] Fix benchmarks

---
 .../io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsInputStreamsBenchmark.java | 8 ++++----
 .../io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java      | 6 +++---
 .../commons/io/jmh/PathUtilsContentEqualsBenchmark.java   | 4 ++--
 3 files changed, 9 insertions(+), 9 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsInputStreamsBenchmark.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsInputStreamsBenchmark.java
index 028f55a9fc5..68009ab3b8c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsInputStreamsBenchmark.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsInputStreamsBenchmark.java
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ public boolean[] testFileRelease_2_8_0() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (InputStream inputReader1 = IOUtils.toInputStream(STRINGS[i], DEFAULT_CHARSET);
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringFileChannels(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringFileChannels(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (InputStream input1 = IOUtils.toInputStream(STRINGS[i], DEFAULT_CHARSET);
@@ -258,7 +258,7 @@ void testStringFileChannels(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (InputStream input1 = IOUtils.toInputStream(STRINGS[i], DEFAULT_CHARSET);
@@ -270,7 +270,7 @@ void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringRelease_2_8_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringRelease_2_8_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (InputStream input1 = IOUtils.toInputStream(STRINGS[i], DEFAULT_CHARSET);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java
index d7282d8ea98..394989d4f72 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java
@@ -203,7 +203,7 @@ public boolean[] testFileRelease_2_8_0() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
@@ -215,7 +215,7 @@ void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ void testStringPr118(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testStringRelease_2_8_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testStringRelease_2_8_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/PathUtilsContentEqualsBenchmark.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/PathUtilsContentEqualsBenchmark.java
index 2fd9688cc83..92913525641 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/PathUtilsContentEqualsBenchmark.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/PathUtilsContentEqualsBenchmark.java
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ public boolean[] testCurrent_fileContentEquals() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testCurrent_fileContentEquals_Blackhole(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testCurrent_fileContentEquals_Blackhole(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 blackhole.consume(PathUtils.fileContentEquals(bigFile1, bigFile2));
@@ -108,7 +108,7 @@ public boolean[] testProposal_contentEquals() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Benchmark
-    void testProposal_contentEquals_Blackhole(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+    public void testProposal_contentEquals_Blackhole(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
         for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
             for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
                 blackhole.consume(newFileContentEquals(bigFile1, bigFile2));

From d2e39b6453de8b030a701bd5bbdbb02fe839abe9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 10:13:44 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 087/174] Javadoc

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
index 238040d1d65..bfaccc103b2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ default Iterable<T> asIterable() {
      * Like {@link Iterable#iterator()}.
      *
      * @param action The action to be performed for each element.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified action is null.
-     * @throws IOException thrown by the given action.
+     * @throws NullPointerException Thrown if the specified action is null.
+     * @throws IOException          Thrown if an I/O error occurs for a remaining element, or the given action throws.
      * @see Iterable#iterator()
      */
     default void forEach(final IOConsumer<? super T> action) throws IOException {

From 013aae21a9ee35f903ab13bb350cc2e15ef01f28 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 15:06:18 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 088/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.6 to 4.31.7

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 7210b467d09..adb989633ea 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 517413f4637..37ad379e71b 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@fe4161a26a8629af62121b670040955b330f9af2 # v4.31.6
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From d0af7d561bf6da3261fafbb6154c50ead2d32326 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 5 Dec 2025 17:02:58 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 089/174] Ask for details on AI usage in creating a pull
 request

---
 .github/pull_request_template.md | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/pull_request_template.md b/.github/pull_request_template.md
index 4cbe168c3e8..9ff35c83e79 100644
--- a/.github/pull_request_template.md
+++ b/.github/pull_request_template.md
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@ Before you push a pull request, review this list:
 
 - [ ] Read the [contribution guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) for this project.
 - [ ] Read the [ASF Generative Tooling Guidance](https://www.apache.org/legal/generative-tooling.html) if you use Artificial Intelligence (AI).
-- [ ] I used AI to create any part of, or all of, this pull request.
+- [ ] I used AI to create any part of, or all of, this pull request. Which AI tool was used to create this pull request, and to what extent did it contribute?
 - [ ] Run a successful build using the default [Maven](https://maven.apache.org/) goal with `mvn`; that's `mvn` on the command line by itself.
 - [ ] Write unit tests that match behavioral changes, where the tests fail if the changes to the runtime are not applied. This may not always be possible, but it is a best practice.
 - [ ] Write a pull request description that is detailed enough to understand what the pull request does, how, and why.

From 3557766ab48bb876008b0a2cb9bd1933275a306a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 6 Dec 2025 11:39:55 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 090/174] Add NetBean IDE metadata files to .gitignore

---
 .gitignore | 11 ++++++-----
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.gitignore b/.gitignore
index f43fea02686..91824e5be73 100644
--- a/.gitignore
+++ b/.gitignore
@@ -1,5 +1,3 @@
-### https://raw.github.com/github/gitignore/14b7566ce157ce95b07006466bacee160f242284/maven.gitignore
-
 target/
 pom.xml.tag
 pom.xml.releaseBackup
@@ -7,16 +5,19 @@ pom.xml.versionsBackup
 pom.xml.next
 release.properties
 
-
 site-content
 /.classpath
 /.project
 /.settings/
 
-### Ignore IntelliJ files
+# Ignore IntelliJ files
 /.idea/
 *.iml
 /bin/
 
-### Ignore Visual Studio code files
+# Ignore Visual Studio code files
 /.vscode/
+
+# NetBeans files
+nb-configuration.xml
+nbactions.xml

From 208887b4e351a3e2ef3cec77238b0677136fb051 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2025 16:57:19 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 091/174] ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long)
 shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position
 that's too large (#817)

* [IO-856] Try test on all OSs for GitHub CI

* ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long) shouldn't throw an
IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large

* Throw IOException instead of OutOfMemoryError

* Refactor internals for safer and less type casting
---
 .../ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java         | 59 +++++++++++--------
 .../AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest.java      | 30 +++++++++-
 ...eArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java | 31 ++++++++--
 .../ByteArraySeekableByteChannelTest.java     | 16 +++++
 4 files changed, 106 insertions(+), 30 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
index 4135a815e83..2cd8009203f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public static ByteArraySeekableByteChannel wrap(final byte[] bytes) {
 
     private byte[] data;
     private volatile boolean closed;
-    private int position;
+    private long position;
     private int size;
     private final ReentrantLock lock = new ReentrantLock();
 
@@ -126,11 +126,10 @@ private void checkOpen() throws ClosedChannelException {
         }
     }
 
-    private int checkRange(final long newSize, final String method) {
-        if (newSize < 0L || newSize > IOUtils.SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
-            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("%s must be in range [0..%,d]: %,d", method, IOUtils.SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH, newSize));
+    private void checkRange(final long newSize, final String method) {
+        if (newSize < 0L) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException(String.format("%s must be positive: %,d", method, newSize));
         }
-        return (int) newSize;
     }
 
     @Override
@@ -166,10 +165,10 @@ public long position() throws ClosedChannelException {
     @Override
     public SeekableByteChannel position(final long newPosition) throws IOException {
         checkOpen();
-        final int intPos = checkRange(newPosition, "position()");
+        checkRange(newPosition, "position()");
         lock.lock();
         try {
-            position = intPos;
+            position = newPosition;
         } finally {
             lock.unlock();
         }
@@ -181,15 +180,18 @@ public int read(final ByteBuffer buf) throws IOException {
         checkOpen();
         lock.lock();
         try {
+            if (position > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+                return IOUtils.EOF;
+            }
             int wanted = buf.remaining();
-            final int possible = size - position;
+            final int possible = size - (int) position;
             if (possible <= 0) {
                 return IOUtils.EOF;
             }
             if (wanted > possible) {
                 wanted = possible;
             }
-            buf.put(data, position, wanted);
+            buf.put(data, (int) position, wanted);
             position += wanted;
             return wanted;
         } finally {
@@ -238,14 +240,14 @@ public byte[] toByteArray() {
     @Override
     public SeekableByteChannel truncate(final long newSize) throws ClosedChannelException {
         checkOpen();
-        final int intSize = checkRange(newSize, "truncate()");
+        checkRange(newSize, "truncate()");
         lock.lock();
         try {
-            if (size > intSize) {
-                size = intSize;
+            if (size > newSize) {
+                size = (int) newSize;
             }
-            if (position > intSize) {
-                position = intSize;
+            if (position > newSize) {
+                position = newSize;
             }
         } finally {
             lock.unlock();
@@ -256,21 +258,28 @@ public SeekableByteChannel truncate(final long newSize) throws ClosedChannelExce
     @Override
     public int write(final ByteBuffer b) throws IOException {
         checkOpen();
+        if (position > Integer.MAX_VALUE) {
+            throw new IOException("position > Integer.MAX_VALUE");
+        }
         lock.lock();
         try {
             final int wanted = b.remaining();
-            final int possibleWithoutResize = Math.max(0, size - position);
-            if (wanted > possibleWithoutResize) {
-                final int newSize = position + wanted;
-                if (newSize < 0 || newSize > IOUtils.SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) { // overflow
-                    throw new OutOfMemoryError("required array size " + Integer.toUnsignedString(newSize) + " too large");
-                }
-                resize(newSize);
+            // intPos <= Integer.MAX_VALUE
+            final int intPos = (int) position;
+            final long newPosition = position + wanted;
+            if (newPosition > IOUtils.SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH) {
+                throw new IOException(String.format("Requested array size %,d is too large.", newPosition));
             }
-            b.get(data, position, wanted);
-            position += wanted;
-            if (size < position) {
-                size = position;
+            if (newPosition > size) {
+                final int newPositionInt = (int) newPosition;
+                // Ensure that newPositionInt ≤ data.length
+                resize(newPositionInt);
+                size = newPositionInt;
+            }
+            b.get(data, intPos, wanted);
+            position = newPosition;
+            if (size < intPos) {
+                size = intPos;
             }
             return wanted;
         } finally {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest.java
index abf96d8f47d..afb2245a49f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest.java
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@
  */
 abstract class AbstractSeekableByteChannelTest {
 
-    private SeekableByteChannel channel;
+    protected SeekableByteChannel channel;
 
     @TempDir
     protected Path tempDir;
@@ -87,6 +87,7 @@ void testCloseMultipleTimes() throws IOException {
         assertFalse(channel.isOpen());
     }
 
+
     @Test
     void testConcurrentPositionAndSizeQueries() throws IOException {
         final byte[] data = "test data".getBytes();
@@ -136,6 +137,20 @@ void testPositionBeyondSize() throws IOException {
         assertEquals(4, channel.size()); // Size should not change
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testPositionBeyondSizeRead() throws IOException {
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+        channel.position(channel.size() + 1);
+        assertEquals(channel.size() + 1, channel.position());
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        channel.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+        assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L, channel.position());
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(-1));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(Long.MIN_VALUE));
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
     @CsvSource({ "0, 0", "5, 5", "10, 10", "100, 100" })
     void testPositionInBounds(final long newPosition, final long expectedPosition) throws IOException {
@@ -149,6 +164,7 @@ void testPositionInBounds(final long newPosition, final long expectedPosition) t
         assertEquals(expectedPosition, channel.position());
     }
 
+
     @Test
     void testPositionNegative() {
         assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(-1));
@@ -292,6 +308,18 @@ void testSizeSameOnOverwrite() throws IOException {
         assertEquals(11, channel.size()); // Size should not change
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testTrucateBeyondSizeReadWrite() throws IOException {
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+        channel.truncate(channel.size() + 1);
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        channel.truncate(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.truncate(-1));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.truncate(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.truncate(Long.MIN_VALUE));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testTruncateNegative() {
         assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.truncate(-1));
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
index 66c8e60b91a..60c294f0d65 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
@@ -162,16 +162,39 @@ void testShouldThrowExceptionOnWritingToClosedChannel() {
     }
 
     @Test
-    void testShouldThrowExceptionWhenSettingIncorrectPosition() {
+    void testThrowWhenSettingIncorrectPosition() throws IOException {
         try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L));
+            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+            // write
+            c.write(buffer);
+            assertEquals(1, c.position());
+            // bad pos A
+            c.position(c.size() + 1);
+            assertEquals(c.size() + 1, c.position());
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            // bad pos B
+            c.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+            assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L, c.position());
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> c.write(buffer));
+            // negative input is the only illegal input
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(-1));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Long.MIN_VALUE));
         }
     }
 
     @Test
-    void testShouldThrowExceptionWhenTruncatingToIncorrectSize() {
+    void testThrowWhenTruncatingToIncorrectSize() throws IOException {
         try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L));
+            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+            c.truncate(c.size() + 1);
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            c.truncate(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(-1));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Long.MIN_VALUE));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelTest.java
index 5b29b3f1be0..79f971e4a0c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelTest.java
@@ -84,6 +84,22 @@ void testConstructorInvalid() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.wrap(null));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testPositionBeyondSizeReadWrite() throws IOException {
+        final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+        channel.position(channel.size() + 1);
+        assertEquals(channel.size() + 1, channel.position());
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        channel.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+        assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L, channel.position());
+        assertEquals(-1, channel.read(buffer));
+        // ByteArraySeekableByteChannel has a hard boundary at Integer.MAX_VALUE, files don't.
+        assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> channel.write(buffer));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(-1));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+        assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> channel.position(Long.MIN_VALUE));
+    }
+
     @ParameterizedTest
     @MethodSource
     void testShouldResizeWhenWritingMoreDataThanCapacity(final byte[] data, final int wanted) throws IOException {

From 8f66b3212c3d35c74cc96e7d0b3258f0fb9305f1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Mon, 8 Dec 2025 16:58:12 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 092/174] ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long)
 shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position
 that's too large #817

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 49ec68e14ce..da3cd56c805 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <release version="2.21.1" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>

From 68be2fbbe46d26a854d6a8af6e38a8f60a4b49a0 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 16:20:55 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 093/174] Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable,
 Throwable) (#818)

* [IO-856] Try test on all OSs for GitHub CI

* Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable)
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 37 ++++++++++++++++++-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java   |  3 +-
 .../io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java     |  6 +--
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 13 +++++++
 5 files changed, 51 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index 523c2c1fd26..a24ab813a73 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -2290,7 +2290,7 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final File file, final String charsetNam
             inputStream = Files.newInputStream(file.toPath());
             return IOUtils.lineIterator(inputStream, charsetName);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream, ex::addSuppressed);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream, ex);
             throw ex;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 09a018b036d..8a4057ae514 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -780,7 +780,7 @@ public static void close(final URLConnection conn) {
      * @param closeable the object to close, may be null.
      */
     private static void closeQ(final Closeable closeable) {
-        closeQuietly(closeable, null);
+        closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) null);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -824,7 +824,40 @@ private static void closeQ(final Closeable closeable) {
      * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
      */
     public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable) {
-        closeQuietly(closeable, null);
+        closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) null);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally and adds any exception thrown by the {@code close()} to the given Throwable.
+     *
+     * <p>
+     * For example:
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * Closeable closeable = ...;
+     * try {
+     *     // process closeable
+     *     closeable.close();
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     *     throw IOUtils.closeQuietly(closeable, e);
+     * }
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param <T> The Throwable type.
+     * @param closeable The object to close, may be null or already closed.
+     * @param throwable Add the exception throw by the closeable to the given Throwable.
+     * @return The given Throwable.
+     * @since 2.22.0
+     * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
+     */
+    public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, final T throwable) {
+        closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) throwable::addSuppressed);
+        return throwable;
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index 293847e7a72..2e1bf0169ab 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -135,8 +135,7 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
                 }
             }
         } catch (final IOException ioe) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietly(this, ioe::addSuppressed);
-            throw new IllegalStateException(ioe);
+            throw new IllegalStateException(IOUtils.closeQuietly(this, ioe));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
index 42d378cc0a5..1bb15a37a19 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
@@ -188,11 +188,7 @@ private static OutputStreamWriter initWriter(final File file, final Object encod
             }
             return new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, (String) encoding);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            try {
-                IOUtils.close(outputStream);
-            } catch (final IOException e) {
-                ex.addSuppressed(e);
-            }
+            IOUtils.closeQuietly(outputStream, ex);
             if (!fileExistedAlready) {
                 FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
             }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 033fdffdd76..df90ab66e11 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertDoesNotThrow;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertFalse;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotNull;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNotSame;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertNull;
@@ -539,6 +540,18 @@ void testCloseQuietly_AllCloseableIOException() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly((Iterable<Closeable>) null));
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
+    @Test
+    void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
+        final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
+        assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
+        assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
+        assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);
+        assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_CloseableException() {
         // IOException

From 6b20316b827099882b34252d0f56ac91a9d3ac42 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 16:21:39 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 094/174] Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable,
 Throwable) #818

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index da3cd56c805..20407682432 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -45,11 +45,12 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <title>Apache Commons IO Release Notes</title>
   </properties>
   <body>
-    <release version="2.21.1" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
+    <release version="2.22.0" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
+      <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>

From 55c6b20a7e3af19a59558f2b4042f16eb8ebf2a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 11 Dec 2025 16:23:05 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 095/174] Bump next version to feature level

---
 pom.xml | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index b297ce09ae9..0baa433cabc 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
-  <version>2.21.1-SNAPSHOT</version>
+  <version>2.22.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
   <name>Apache Commons IO</name>
   <inceptionYear>2002</inceptionYear>
   <description>
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <commons.module.name>org.apache.commons.io</commons.module.name>
     <commons.rc.version>RC1</commons.rc.version>
     <commons.bc.version>2.21.0</commons.bc.version>
-    <commons.release.version>2.21.1</commons.release.version>
-    <commons.release.next>2.21.2</commons.release.next>
+    <commons.release.version>2.22.0</commons.release.version>
+    <commons.release.next>2.22.1</commons.release.next>
     <!-- project.build.outputTimestamp is managed by Maven plugins, see https://maven.apache.org/guides/mini/guide-reproducible-builds.html -->
     <project.build.outputTimestamp>2025-11-06T21:58:17Z</project.build.outputTimestamp>
     <commons.release.desc>(requires Java 8)</commons.release.desc>

From 85ef57b1a7292120fc231a4e5d389fc173ea5197 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2025 08:17:05 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 096/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.7 to 4.31.8

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index adb989633ea..179f767d2c1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 37ad379e71b..5f76ef06bed 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cf1bb45a277cb3c205638b2cd5c984db1c46a412 # v4.31.7
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 5e08e76bfe410a731eb5bf5ef2c7886873390fdc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 12 Dec 2025 14:27:21 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 097/174] Bump actions/cache from 4.3.0 to 5.0.1

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml           | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 179f767d2c1..8c344d4b777 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ jobs:
       uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+    - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
       with:
         path: ~/.m2/repository
         key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 2b245e642d5..b5daa9a6ee6 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ jobs:
     - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
-    - uses: actions/cache@0057852bfaa89a56745cba8c7296529d2fc39830 # v4.3.0
+    - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
       with:
         path: ~/.m2/repository
         key: ${{ runner.os }}-maven-${{ hashFiles('**/pom.xml') }}

From 11c0562b0b0159484fcb412339914f7de498a289 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2025 07:53:04 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 098/174] Javadoc

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 46 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 23 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 8a4057ae514..e263e118c19 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -558,11 +558,11 @@ private static char[] charArray(final int size) {
      * }
      * </code></pre>
      *
-     * @param array the array against which the range is validated
-     * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive)
-     * @param len   the number of elements to access
-     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code array} is {@code null}
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code array}
+     * @param array the array against which the range is validated.
+     * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive).
+     * @param len   the number of elements to access.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code array} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code array}.
      * @see InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)
      * @see OutputStream#write(byte[], int, int)
      * @since 2.21.0
@@ -605,11 +605,11 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final byte[] array, final int off, final i
      * }
      * </code></pre>
      *
-     * @param array the array against which the range is validated
-     * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive)
-     * @param len   the number of characters to access
-     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code array} is {@code null}
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code array}
+     * @param array the array against which the range is validated.
+     * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive).
+     * @param len   the number of characters to access.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code array} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code array}.
      * @see Reader#read(char[], int, int)
      * @see Writer#write(char[], int, int)
      * @since 2.21.0
@@ -648,11 +648,11 @@ static void checkFromIndexSize(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLeng
      * }
      * </code></pre>
      *
-     * @param str the string against which the range is validated
-     * @param off the starting offset into the string (inclusive)
-     * @param len the number of characters to write
-     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code str} is {@code null}
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code str}
+     * @param str the string against which the range is validated.
+     * @param off the starting offset into the string (inclusive).
+     * @param len the number of characters to write.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code str} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [off, off + len)} is out of bounds for {@code str}.
      * @see Writer#write(String, int, int)
      * @since 2.21.0
      */
@@ -684,10 +684,10 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final String str, final int off, final int
      * }
      * </code></pre>
      *
-     * @param seq       the character sequence to validate (may be {@code null}, treated as {@code "null"})
-     * @param fromIndex the starting index (inclusive)
-     * @param toIndex   the ending index (exclusive)
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [fromIndex, toIndex)} is out of bounds for {@code seq}
+     * @param seq       the character sequence to validate (may be {@code null}, treated as {@code "null"}).
+     * @param fromIndex the starting index (inclusive).
+     * @param toIndex   the ending index (exclusive).
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if the range {@code [fromIndex, toIndex)} is out of bounds for {@code seq}.
      * @see Appendable#append(CharSequence, int, int)
      * @since 2.21.0
      */
@@ -1889,10 +1889,10 @@ public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer) throws IO
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to source.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to target.
-     * @param buffer the buffer to be used for the copy
-     * @return the number of characters copied
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null
-     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs
+     * @param buffer the buffer to be used for the copy.
+     * @return the number of characters copied.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final char[] buffer) throws IOException {

From b953e196138234f2295b0a4e12d9c3d8a00520ec Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2025 07:53:18 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 099/174] Javadoc: Add missing </li> tags

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
index bafcf86ca81..6672df7ac71 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
@@ -499,7 +499,7 @@ public static Path current() {
      * </p>
      * <ul>
      * <li>A directory to delete does not have to be empty.</li>
-     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.
+     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.</li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * @param path file or directory to delete, must not be {@code null}
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ public static PathCounters delete(final Path path) throws IOException {
      * </p>
      * <ul>
      * <li>A directory to delete does not have to be empty.</li>
-     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.
+     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.</li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * @param path          file or directory to delete, must not be {@code null}
@@ -540,7 +540,7 @@ public static PathCounters delete(final Path path, final DeleteOption... deleteO
      * </p>
      * <ul>
      * <li>A directory to delete does not have to be empty.</li>
-     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.
+     * <li>You get exceptions when a file or directory cannot be deleted; {@link File#delete()} returns a boolean.</li>
      * </ul>
      *
      * @param path          file or directory to delete, must not be {@code null}

From 56f1f77c20f696058bb265a4a43ebbef0fc8d27a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 13 Dec 2025 08:03:17 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 100/174] Fix malformed Javadoc comments

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java    |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java | 20 +++++++++----------
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 10 +++++-----
 .../commons/io/input/ProxyInputStream.java    |  4 ++--
 5 files changed, 19 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 20407682432..12cf9018531 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -49,6 +49,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
index ac3d8bd5fd7..23f5f14f2a8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@
  * <ul>
  * <li>The decision logic on whether to cancel processing or not.</li>
  * <li>Constructing and throwing a {@link CancelException}.</li>
- * <li>Custom cancel processing in the {@code handleCancelled()} method.
+ * <li>Custom cancel processing in the {@code handleCancelled()} method.</li>
  * </ul>
  * <p>
  * Two possible scenarios are envisaged for cancellation:
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index a24ab813a73..b86f5504814 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -93,16 +93,16 @@
  * Facilities are provided in the following areas:
  * </p>
  * <ul>
- * <li>writing to a file
- * <li>reading from a file
- * <li>make a directory including parent directories
- * <li>copying files and directories
- * <li>deleting files and directories
- * <li>converting to and from a URL
- * <li>listing files and directories by filter and extension
- * <li>comparing file content
- * <li>file last changed date
- * <li>calculating a checksum
+ * <li>writing to a file</li>
+ * <li>reading from a file</li>
+ * <li>make a directory including parent directories</li>
+ * <li>copying files and directories</li>
+ * <li>deleting files and directories</li>
+ * <li>converting to and from a URL</li>
+ * <li>listing files and directories by filter and extension</li>
+ * <li>comparing file content</li>
+ * <li>file last changed date</li>
+ * <li>calculating a checksum</li>
  * </ul>
  * <p>
  * Note that a specific charset should be specified whenever possible. Relying on the platform default means that the
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index e263e118c19..cb375e07b4b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -81,11 +81,11 @@
  * This class provides static utility methods for input/output operations.
  * </p>
  * <ul>
- * <li>closeQuietly - these methods close a stream ignoring nulls and exceptions
- * <li>toXxx/read - these methods read data from a stream
- * <li>write - these methods write data to a stream
- * <li>copy - these methods copy all the data from one stream to another
- * <li>contentEquals - these methods compare the content of two streams
+ * <li>closeQuietly - these methods close a stream ignoring nulls and exceptions</li>
+ * <li>toXxx/read - these methods read data from a stream</li>
+ * <li>write - these methods write data to a stream</li>
+ * <li>copy - these methods copy all the data from one stream to another</li>
+ * <li>contentEquals - these methods compare the content of two streams</li>
  * </ul>
  * <p>
  * The byte-to-char methods and char-to-byte methods involve a conversion step.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyInputStream.java
index b2e04c334b5..7530e3399c2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyInputStream.java
@@ -298,7 +298,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
      * @return the number of bytes read or {@link IOUtils#EOF EOF} if we reached the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException
      *                     <ul>
-     *                     <li>If the first byte cannot be read for any reason other than the end of the file,
+     *                     <li>If the first byte cannot be read for any reason other than the end of the file,</li>
      *                     <li>if the input stream has been closed, or</li>
      *                     <li>if some other I/O error occurs.</li>
      *                     </ul>
@@ -325,7 +325,7 @@ public int read(final byte[] b) throws IOException {
      * @return the number of bytes read or {@link IOUtils#EOF EOF} if we reached the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException
      *                     <ul>
-     *                     <li>If the first byte cannot be read for any reason other than the end of the file,
+     *                     <li>If the first byte cannot be read for any reason other than the end of the file,</li>
      *                     <li>if the input stream has been closed, or</li>
      *                     <li>if some other I/O error occurs.</li>
      *                     </ul>

From 42fe06c330b4899aad0d4851d010017d600e3f7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 17 Dec 2025 07:50:53 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 101/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.8 to 4.31.9

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 8c344d4b777..c83bf59255c 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 5f76ef06bed..26298d050c5 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@1b168cd39490f61582a9beae412bb7057a6b2c4e # v4.31.8
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From a053988297aae0447620080d54c553ae0eb4d7ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 19 Dec 2025 13:51:31 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 102/174] Bump actions/upload-artifact from 5.0.0 to 6.0.0

---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 26298d050c5..980935089e8 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ jobs:
           publish_results: true
 
       - name: "Upload artifact"
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@330a01c490aca151604b8cf639adc76d48f6c5d4    # 5.0.0
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f    # 6.0.0
         with:
           name: SARIF file
           path: results.sarif

From 1f80529bc386e0b32e7674caebd83f8edb0eadfb Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 20 Dec 2025 09:15:57 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 103/174] Replace JUnit @DisplayName to make Maven output
 meaningful

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java    | 5 ++---
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
index 5ea695095f8..3a97c8dc24f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
@@ -50,7 +50,6 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.QueueOutputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.QueueOutputStreamTest;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
-import org.junit.jupiter.api.DisplayName;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.DynamicTest;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.TestFactory;
@@ -312,7 +311,7 @@ void testResetArguments() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisplayName("If read is interrupted while waiting, then exception is thrown")
+    /** If read is interrupted while waiting, then exception is thrown */
     void testTimeoutInterrupted() throws Exception {
         try (QueueInputStream inputStream = QueueInputStream.builder().setTimeout(Duration.ofMinutes(2)).get();
                 QueueOutputStream outputStream = inputStream.newQueueOutputStream()) {
@@ -338,7 +337,7 @@ void testTimeoutInterrupted() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @DisplayName("If data is not available in queue, then read will wait until wait time elapses")
+    /** If data is not available in queue, then read will wait until wait time elapses */
     void testTimeoutUnavailableData() throws IOException {
         try (QueueInputStream inputStream = QueueInputStream.builder().setTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(500)).get();
                 QueueOutputStream outputStream = inputStream.newQueueOutputStream()) {

From 65f8e5d55d02c2503e122a1d35601eba3c315e73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2025 08:23:29 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 104/174] Sppedup IOUtils.contentEquals(Reader, Reader)
MIME-Version: 1.0
Content-Type: text/plain; charset=UTF-8
Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit

- ~2.6x speedup on StringReader input
- ~10% speed on file resource as InputStreamReader

Benchmark
Mode  Cnt          Score         Error  Units
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileCurrent
avgt    5     105274.452 ±    1466.048  ns/op
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileRelease2_22_0
avgt    5     107500.847 ±    1752.422  ns/op
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFile_2_21_0
avgt    5     115720.416 ±    1209.652  ns/op
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringCurrent
avgt    5  113330719.330 ± 1187191.151  ns/op
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringRelease2_22_0
avgt    5  110389392.582 ±  785367.455  ns/op
IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testString_2_21_0
avgt    5  284939866.619 ± 9969793.485  ns/op

Apache Maven 3.9.12 (848fbb4bf2d427b72bdb2471c22fced7ebd9a7a1)
Maven home: /opt/homebrew/Cellar/maven/3.9.12/libexec
Java version: 21.0.9, vendor: Homebrew, runtime:
/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home
Default locale: en_US, platform encoding: UTF-8
OS name: "mac os x", version: "26.2", arch: "aarch64", family: "mac"
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   |  50 +--
 ...sContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java | 255 ++++++++++++++
 ...sContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0.java} |   3 +-
 ...sContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.json | 316 ++++++++++++++++++
 4 files changed, 589 insertions(+), 35 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
 rename src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/{IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java => IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0.java} (99%)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/jmh-result.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.json

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index cb375e07b4b..ee2f5510fb1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -1256,10 +1256,7 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final InputStream input1, final InputStream
     // TODO Consider making public
     private static boolean contentEquals(final Iterator<?> iterator1, final Iterator<?> iterator2) {
         while (iterator1.hasNext()) {
-            if (!iterator2.hasNext()) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!Objects.equals(iterator1.next(), iterator2.next())) {
+            if (!iterator2.hasNext() || !Objects.equals(iterator1.next(), iterator2.next())) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
@@ -1280,45 +1277,32 @@ private static boolean contentEquals(final Iterator<?> iterator1, final Iterator
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) throws IOException {
+        // See IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0 for performance testing.
         if (input1 == input2) {
             return true;
         }
         if (input1 == null || input2 == null) {
             return false;
         }
-
-        // reuse one
         try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
             final char[] array1 = scratch.array();
-            // but allocate another
             final char[] array2 = charArray();
-            int pos1;
-            int pos2;
-            int count1;
-            int count2;
+            int read1;
+            int read2;
             while (true) {
-                pos1 = 0;
-                pos2 = 0;
-                for (int index = 0; index < DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; index++) {
-                    if (pos1 == index) {
-                        do {
-                            count1 = input1.read(array1, pos1, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos1);
-                        } while (count1 == 0);
-                        if (count1 == EOF) {
-                            return pos2 == index && input2.read() == EOF;
-                        }
-                        pos1 += count1;
-                    }
-                    if (pos2 == index) {
-                        do {
-                            count2 = input2.read(array2, pos2, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos2);
-                        } while (count2 == 0);
-                        if (count2 == EOF) {
-                            return pos1 == index && input1.read() == EOF;
-                        }
-                        pos2 += count2;
-                    }
-                    if (array1[index] != array2[index]) {
+                read1 = input1.read(array1, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
+                read2 = input2.read(array2, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
+                // If both read EOF here, they're equal.
+                if (read1 == EOF && read2 == EOF) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+                // If only one read EOF or different amounts, they're not equal.
+                if (read1 != read2) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+                // Compare the buffers - bulk comparison is faster than character-by-character
+                for (int i = 0; i < read1; i++) {
+                    if (array1[i] != array2[i]) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..e90b6425518
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
@@ -0,0 +1,255 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.commons.io.jmh;
+
+import static org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
+import static org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.EOF;
+
+import java.io.BufferedReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InputStreamReader;
+import java.io.Reader;
+import java.io.StringReader;
+import java.nio.charset.Charset;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
+
+import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Benchmark;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.BenchmarkMode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Fork;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Measurement;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Mode;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.OutputTimeUnit;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Scope;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.State;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.annotations.Warmup;
+import org.openjdk.jmh.infra.Blackhole;
+
+/**
+ * Test different implementations of {@link IOUtils#contentEquals(Reader, Reader)}.
+ *
+ * <pre>
+ * RESULTS:
+ * Benchmark                                                            Mode  Cnt          Score         Error  Units
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileCurrent          avgt    5     105274.452 ±    1466.048  ns/op
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileRelease2_22_0    avgt    5     107500.847 ±    1752.422  ns/op
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFile_2_21_0          avgt    5     115720.416 ±    1209.652  ns/op
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringCurrent        avgt    5  113330719.330 ± 1187191.151  ns/op
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringRelease2_22_0  avgt    5  110389392.582 ±  785367.455  ns/op
+ * IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testString_2_21_0        avgt    5  284939866.619 ± 9969793.485  ns/op
+ *
+ * Run: mvn clean test -P benchmark -Dbenchmark=IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0
+ * </pre>
+ */
+@BenchmarkMode(Mode.AverageTime)
+@OutputTimeUnit(TimeUnit.NANOSECONDS)
+@State(Scope.Thread)
+@Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+@Fork(value = 1, jvmArgs = {"-server"})
+public class IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0 {
+
+    private static final int STRING_LEN = 1 << 24;
+    private static final String TEST_PATH_A = "/org/apache/commons/io/testfileBOM.xml";
+    private static final String TEST_PATH_16K_A = "/org/apache/commons/io/abitmorethan16k.txt";
+    private static final String TEST_PATH_16K_A_COPY = "/org/apache/commons/io/abitmorethan16kcopy.txt";
+    private static final String TEST_PATH_B = "/org/apache/commons/io/testfileNoBOM.xml";
+    private static final Charset DEFAULT_CHARSET = Charset.defaultCharset();
+    static String[] STRINGS = new String[5];
+
+    static {
+        STRINGS[0] = StringUtils.repeat("ab", STRING_LEN);
+        STRINGS[1] = STRINGS[0] + 'c';
+        STRINGS[2] = STRINGS[0] + 'd';
+        STRINGS[3] = StringUtils.repeat("ab\rab\n", STRING_LEN);
+        STRINGS[4] = StringUtils.repeat("ab\r\nab\r", STRING_LEN);
+    }
+
+    static String SPECIAL_CASE_STRING_0 = StringUtils.repeat(StringUtils.repeat("ab", STRING_LEN) + '\n', 2);
+    static String SPECIAL_CASE_STRING_1 = StringUtils.repeat(StringUtils.repeat("cd", STRING_LEN) + '\n', 2);
+
+    public static boolean contentEquals_2_21_0(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) throws IOException {
+        if (input1 == input2) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (input1 == null || input2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        final char[] array1 = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        final char[] array2 = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        int pos1;
+        int pos2;
+        int count1;
+        int count2;
+        while (true) {
+            pos1 = 0;
+            pos2 = 0;
+            for (int index = 0; index < DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; index++) {
+                if (pos1 == index) {
+                    do {
+                        count1 = input1.read(array1, pos1, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos1);
+                    } while (count1 == 0);
+                    if (count1 == EOF) {
+                        return pos2 == index && input2.read() == EOF;
+                    }
+                    pos1 += count1;
+                }
+                if (pos2 == index) {
+                    do {
+                        count2 = input2.read(array2, pos2, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos2);
+                    } while (count2 == 0);
+                    if (count2 == EOF) {
+                        return pos1 == index && input1.read() == EOF;
+                    }
+                    pos2 += count2;
+                }
+                if (array1[index] != array2[index]) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Version 2.22.0 (December 2025).
+     */
+    public static boolean contentEqualsRelease2_22_0(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) throws IOException {
+        if (input1 == input2) {
+            return true;
+        }
+        if (input1 == null || input2 == null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+        final char[] array1 = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        final char[] array2 = new char[DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE];
+        int read1;
+        int read2;
+        while (true) {
+            read1 = input1.read(array1, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
+            read2 = input2.read(array2, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
+            // If both read EOF here, they're equal.
+            if (read1 == EOF && read2 == EOF) {
+                return true;
+            }
+            // If only one read EOF or different amounts, they're not equal.
+            if (read1 != read2) {
+                return false;
+            }
+            // Compare the buffers - bulk comparison is faster than character-by-character
+            for (int i = 0; i < read1; i++) {
+                if (array1[i] != array2[i]) {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean[] testFile_2_21_0() throws IOException {
+        final boolean[] res = new boolean[3];
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_B), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[0] = contentEquals_2_21_0(input1, input1);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[1] = contentEquals_2_21_0(input1, input2);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A));
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A_COPY))) {
+            res[2] = contentEquals_2_21_0(input1, input2);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean[] testFileCurrent() throws IOException {
+        final boolean[] res = new boolean[3];
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_B), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[0] = IOUtils.contentEquals(input1, input1);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[1] = IOUtils.contentEquals(input1, input2);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A_COPY),
+                DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[2] = IOUtils.contentEquals(input1, input2);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public boolean[] testFileRelease2_22_0() throws IOException {
+        final boolean[] res = new boolean[3];
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_B), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[0] = contentEqualsRelease2_22_0(input1, input1);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[1] = contentEqualsRelease2_22_0(input1, input2);
+        }
+        try (Reader input1 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
+            Reader input2 = new InputStreamReader(getClass().getResourceAsStream(TEST_PATH_16K_A_COPY),
+                DEFAULT_CHARSET)) {
+            res[2] = contentEqualsRelease2_22_0(input1, input2);
+        }
+        return res;
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void testString_2_21_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
+                try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
+                    StringReader input2 = new StringReader(STRINGS[j])) {
+                    blackhole.consume(contentEquals_2_21_0(input1, input2));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void testStringCurrent(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
+                try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
+                    StringReader input2 = new StringReader(STRINGS[j])) {
+                    blackhole.consume(IOUtils.contentEquals(input1, input2));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Benchmark
+    public void testStringRelease2_22_0(final Blackhole blackhole) throws IOException {
+        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) {
+            for (int j = 0; j < 5; j++) {
+                try (StringReader input1 = new StringReader(STRINGS[i]);
+                    StringReader input2 = new StringReader(STRINGS[j])) {
+                    blackhole.consume(contentEqualsRelease2_22_0(input1, input2));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0.java
similarity index 99%
rename from src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java
rename to src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0.java
index 394989d4f72..b548e10e760 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0.java
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@
 @Warmup(iterations = 5, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 @Measurement(iterations = 5, time = 10, timeUnit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
 @Fork(value = 1, jvmArgs = {"-server"})
-public class IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark {
+public class IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_9_0 {
 
     private static final int STRING_LEN = 1 << 24;
     private static final String TEST_PATH_A = "/org/apache/commons/io/testfileBOM.xml";
@@ -80,7 +80,6 @@ public class IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark {
     static String SPECIAL_CASE_STRING_0 = StringUtils.repeat(StringUtils.repeat("ab", STRING_LEN) + '\n', 2);
     static String SPECIAL_CASE_STRING_1 = StringUtils.repeat(StringUtils.repeat("cd", STRING_LEN) + '\n', 2);
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
     public static boolean contentEquals_release_2_8_0(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) throws IOException {
         if (input1 == input2) {
             return true;
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/jmh-result.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.json b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/jmh-result.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.json
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..b9866381304
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/jmh-result.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.json
@@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
+[
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileCurrent",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 105274.45150949701,
+            "scoreError" : 1466.048137250757,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                103808.40337224625,
+                106740.49964674778
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
+                "0.0" : 104886.00264178636,
+                "50.0" : 105288.5813030386,
+                "90.0" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "95.0" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "99.0" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "99.9" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "99.99" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "99.999" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "99.9999" : 105680.8236754792,
+                "100.0" : 105680.8236754792
+            },
+            "scoreUnit" : "ns/op",
+            "rawData" : [
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+                    104895.74661620239,
+                    105288.5813030386,
+                    105621.1033109785,
+                    105680.8236754792
+                ]
+            ]
+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFileRelease2_22_0",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 107500.84684379803,
+            "scoreError" : 1752.4217586039497,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                105748.42508519409,
+                109253.26860240198
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
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+                "90.0" : 107940.15830545062,
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+                "99.999" : 107940.15830545062,
+                "99.9999" : 107940.15830545062,
+                "100.0" : 107940.15830545062
+            },
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+                ]
+            ]
+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testFile_2_21_0",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 115720.41582367099,
+            "scoreError" : 1209.6519258037997,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                114510.76389786719,
+                116930.0677494748
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
+                "0.0" : 115404.00708540568,
+                "50.0" : 115555.87606112054,
+                "90.0" : 116064.94892289132,
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+                "99.0" : 116064.94892289132,
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+                "99.99" : 116064.94892289132,
+                "99.999" : 116064.94892289132,
+                "99.9999" : 116064.94892289132,
+                "100.0" : 116064.94892289132
+            },
+            "scoreUnit" : "ns/op",
+            "rawData" : [
+                [
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+                ]
+            ]
+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringCurrent",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 1.1333071932957098E8,
+            "scoreError" : 1187191.1514731636,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                1.1214352817809781E8,
+                1.1451791048104414E8
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
+                "0.0" : 1.130216048764045E8,
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+                "95.0" : 1.138494346590909E8,
+                "99.0" : 1.138494346590909E8,
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+            },
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+            "rawData" : [
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+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testStringRelease2_22_0",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 1.1038939258241758E8,
+            "scoreError" : 785367.4549160029,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                1.0960402512750158E8,
+                1.1117476003733358E8
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
+                "0.0" : 1.1018472527472527E8,
+                "50.0" : 1.1037075183516483E8,
+                "90.0" : 1.106605673076923E8,
+                "95.0" : 1.106605673076923E8,
+                "99.0" : 1.106605673076923E8,
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+                "99.99" : 1.106605673076923E8,
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+                "99.9999" : 1.106605673076923E8,
+                "100.0" : 1.106605673076923E8
+            },
+            "scoreUnit" : "ns/op",
+            "rawData" : [
+                [
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+                    1.1020817445054945E8,
+                    1.1037075183516483E8,
+                    1.1018472527472527E8,
+                    1.106605673076923E8
+                ]
+            ]
+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    },
+    {
+        "jmhVersion" : "1.37",
+        "benchmark" : "org.apache.commons.io.jmh.IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.testString_2_21_0",
+        "mode" : "avgt",
+        "threads" : 1,
+        "forks" : 1,
+        "jvm" : "/opt/homebrew/Cellar/openjdk@21/21.0.9/libexec/openjdk.jdk/Contents/Home/bin/java",
+        "jvmArgs" : [
+            "-server"
+        ],
+        "jdkVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "vmName" : "OpenJDK 64-Bit Server VM",
+        "vmVersion" : "21.0.9",
+        "warmupIterations" : 5,
+        "warmupTime" : "10 s",
+        "warmupBatchSize" : 1,
+        "measurementIterations" : 5,
+        "measurementTime" : "10 s",
+        "measurementBatchSize" : 1,
+        "primaryMetric" : {
+            "score" : 2.849398666193651E8,
+            "scoreError" : 9969793.485202054,
+            "scoreConfidence" : [
+                2.74970073134163E8,
+                2.9490966010456717E8
+            ],
+            "scorePercentiles" : {
+                "0.0" : 2.803803090277778E8,
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+                "90.0" : 2.866562731666667E8,
+                "95.0" : 2.866562731666667E8,
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+                "99.9" : 2.866562731666667E8,
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+                "99.999" : 2.866562731666667E8,
+                "99.9999" : 2.866562731666667E8,
+                "100.0" : 2.866562731666667E8
+            },
+            "scoreUnit" : "ns/op",
+            "rawData" : [
+                [
+                    2.8634049405714285E8,
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+                    2.854656354166667E8
+                ]
+            ]
+        },
+        "secondaryMetrics" : {
+        }
+    }
+]
+
+

From 21ac35863b7677c814f4d34405f237dc5df2c069 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2025 08:31:44 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 105/174] Remove unused import

---
 .../io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java      | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
index e90b6425518..1a3ac4929da 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/jmh/IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0.java
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 import static org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
 import static org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils.EOF;
 
-import java.io.BufferedReader;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStreamReader;
 import java.io.Reader;

From 8e88c6e0d847cbaa6068be98705cc2bc61b934ea Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2025 09:59:42 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 106/174] Javadoc

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
index 4169e1a53b1..e05b52c189e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ public static FileSystem getCurrent() {
      * Decides if the operating system matches.
      *
      * @param osNamePrefix
-     *            the prefix for the os name
+     *            the prefix for the operating system name
      * @return true if matches, or false if not or can't determine
      */
     private static boolean getOsMatchesName(final String osNamePrefix) {

From 6f2b06b9719fe6cad6e6e9f6ea3f8155ff43679a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2025 10:25:19 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 107/174] Fix: The type parameter T is hiding the type T

---
 .../commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java    | 6 +++---
 1 file changed, 3 insertions(+), 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
index dc2de64a4a2..fe54f5a7960 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
@@ -246,7 +246,7 @@ protected byte[] toByteArrayImpl() {
      * returned stream is backed by buffers of {@code this} stream,
      * avoiding memory allocation and copy, thus saving space and time.<br>
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the InputStream which makes up
+     * @param <S> the type of the InputStream which makes up
      *            the {@link SequenceInputStream}.
      * @param isConstructor A constructor for an InputStream which makes
      *                     up the {@link SequenceInputStream}.
@@ -257,12 +257,12 @@ protected byte[] toByteArrayImpl() {
      * @since 2.7
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // The result InputStream MUST be managed by the call site.
-    protected <T extends InputStream> InputStream toInputStream(final InputStreamConstructor<T> isConstructor) {
+    protected <S extends InputStream> InputStream toInputStream(final InputStreamConstructor<S> isConstructor) {
         int remaining = count;
         if (remaining == 0) {
             return ClosedInputStream.INSTANCE;
         }
-        final List<T> list = new ArrayList<>(buffers.size());
+        final List<S> list = new ArrayList<>(buffers.size());
         for (final byte[] buf : buffers) {
             final int c = Math.min(buf.length, remaining);
             list.add(isConstructor.construct(buf, 0, c));

From c5adbaf78f9e4a730d43d410c441843dac6e6d23 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Dec 2025 10:25:54 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 108/174] Remove @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java  | 1 -
 1 file changed, 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
index 1551231cfaf..5465e4dd569 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
@@ -195,7 +195,6 @@ public AccumulatorPathVisitor(final PathCounters pathCounter, final PathFilter f
      * @since 2.12.0
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}.
      */
-    @SuppressWarnings("deprecation")
     @Deprecated
     public AccumulatorPathVisitor(final PathCounters pathCounter, final PathFilter fileFilter, final PathFilter dirFilter,
         final IOBiFunction<Path, IOException, FileVisitResult> visitFileFailed) {

From 90c9d3936d5169637f6aa3be0cf5900211620612 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 25 Dec 2025 07:29:52 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 109/174] Fix deprecation comments and end sentence with a
 period

- Add missing comment.
- Close HTML tags.
- Typos
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java  |  24 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/ByteOrderParser.java    |   4 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java  |   4 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java |  84 ++--
 .../apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java    | 124 +++---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java    | 202 ++++-----
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java    |  32 +-
 .../commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java       |  62 +--
 .../apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java |  28 +-
 .../commons/io/FileExistsException.java       |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java     |  18 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java    |  22 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java | 394 +++++++++---------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java  | 230 +++++-----
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java   |  46 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java    |   8 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/IOExceptionList.java    |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java      |   4 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/IORandomAccessFile.java |   4 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   |  24 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java   |  22 +-
 .../commons/io/RandomAccessFileMode.java      |  16 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java  |  18 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java  |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java      |  10 +-
 .../io/build/AbstractStreamBuilder.java       |  14 +-
 .../ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java         |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java     |   2 +-
 .../comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java   |  10 +-
 .../io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java  |   4 +-
 .../comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java   |   8 +-
 .../io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java     |   8 +-
 .../io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java     |   8 +-
 .../io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java     |   6 +-
 .../io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java       |  12 +-
 .../commons/io/file/CopyDirectoryVisitor.java |   8 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/file/Counters.java  |   2 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/file/PathFilter.java    |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java |  26 +-
 .../commons/io/file/attribute/FileTimes.java  |   2 +-
 .../io/file/spi/FileSystemProviders.java      |   6 +-
 .../io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java     |  12 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java  |  18 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java  |   8 +-
 .../io/filefilter/CanWriteFileFilter.java     |   4 +-
 .../io/filefilter/ConditionalFileFilter.java  |  10 +-
 .../io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java     |  16 +-
 .../io/filefilter/DirectoryFileFilter.java    |   8 +-
 .../io/filefilter/EmptyFileFilter.java        |   4 +-
 .../io/filefilter/FalseFileFilter.java        |  14 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/FileFileFilter.java |   8 +-
 .../io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java        | 134 +++---
 .../io/filefilter/HiddenFileFilter.java       |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/NameFileFilter.java |  50 +--
 .../commons/io/filefilter/NotFileFilter.java  |  20 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java   |   8 +-
 .../io/filefilter/PrefixFileFilter.java       |  50 +--
 .../io/filefilter/RegexFileFilter.java        |  24 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/SizeFileFilter.java |  20 +-
 .../io/filefilter/SuffixFileFilter.java       |  50 +--
 .../io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilter.java |   6 +-
 .../commons/io/filefilter/TrueFileFilter.java |  14 +-
 .../io/filefilter/WildcardFileFilter.java     |  66 +--
 .../commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFilter.java |  28 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOBiConsumer.java     |  18 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOBiFunction.java     |  20 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOBinaryOperator.java |  12 +-
 .../io/function/IOBooleanSupplier.java        |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOComparator.java     |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOConsumer.java       |   8 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOFunction.java       |  64 +--
 .../commons/io/function/IOIntConsumer.java    |   8 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOIntSupplier.java    |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOIterator.java       |  10 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOLongSupplier.java   |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOPredicate.java      |  24 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOQuadFunction.java   |  28 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOSpliterator.java    |  18 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/function/IOStream.java  |   8 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOTriConsumer.java    |  24 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOTriFunction.java    |  24 +-
 .../io/function/UncheckedIOIterable.java      |   2 +-
 .../io/function/UncheckedIOIterator.java      |   2 +-
 .../input/AbstractCharacterFilterReader.java  |   2 +-
 .../io/input/AutoCloseInputStream.java        |  10 +-
 .../commons/io/input/BOMInputStream.java      |  70 ++--
 .../commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java       |  24 +-
 .../input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java |  10 +-
 .../commons/io/input/CharSequenceReader.java  |  26 +-
 .../input/ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.java   |  24 +-
 .../io/input/CloseShieldInputStream.java      |   6 +-
 .../commons/io/input/CloseShieldReader.java   |   6 +-
 .../commons/io/input/CountingInputStream.java |  20 +-
 .../commons/io/input/DemuxInputStream.java    |  10 +-
 .../io/input/MarkShieldInputStream.java       |   2 +-
 .../MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream.java  |  12 +-
 .../io/input/MessageDigestInputStream.java    |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/input/NullInputStream.java     |   2 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/input/NullReader.java   |   4 +-
 .../io/input/ObservableInputStream.java       |   4 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java  |  42 +-
 .../commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java   |  36 +-
 .../io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java     |  46 +-
 .../commons/io/input/SequenceReader.java      |   4 +-
 .../io/input/SwappedDataInputStream.java      |  76 ++--
 .../commons/io/input/TaggedInputStream.java   |  12 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/input/TaggedReader.java |  12 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java   |  34 +-
 .../commons/io/input/TeeInputStream.java      |  32 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/input/TeeReader.java    |  38 +-
 .../io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java        |   4 +-
 .../io/input/UncheckedFilterInputStream.java  |   2 +-
 .../io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java   |   6 +-
 .../input/UnsupportedOperationExceptions.java |   8 +-
 .../input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReader.java   |   8 +-
 .../UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.java   |  16 +-
 .../commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java     |  70 ++--
 .../buffer/CircularBufferInputStream.java     |   4 +-
 .../io/input/buffer/CircularByteBuffer.java   |  20 +-
 .../io/input/buffer/PeekableInputStream.java  |  14 +-
 .../io/monitor/FileAlterationListener.java    |  16 +-
 .../FileAlterationListenerAdaptor.java        |  16 +-
 .../io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java     |  14 +-
 .../io/monitor/FileAlterationObserver.java    |   4 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java  |  36 +-
 .../output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java |   6 +-
 .../io/output/AppendableOutputStream.java     |   6 +-
 .../commons/io/output/AppendableWriter.java   |   8 +-
 .../io/output/ByteArrayOutputStream.java      |   4 +-
 .../io/output/ChunkedOutputStream.java        |   2 +-
 .../io/output/CloseShieldOutputStream.java    |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/output/ClosedOutputStream.java |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java       |   2 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/output/NullWriter.java  |   2 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/output/TeeOutputStream.java    |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java |   2 +-
 .../io/serialization/ClassNameMatcher.java    |   4 +-
 .../serialization/FullClassNameMatcher.java   |   2 +-
 .../ObjectStreamClassPredicate.java           |  10 +-
 .../serialization/RegexpClassNameMatcher.java |   6 +-
 .../ValidatingObjectInputStream.java          |  16 +-
 .../commons/io/FileUtilsCopyToFileTest.java   |   4 +-
 .../io/FileUtilsDirectoryContainsTest.java    |   5 +-
 .../commons/io/FileUtilsFileNewerTest.java    |  10 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    |   4 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/LineIteratorTest.java   |  20 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/file/TempDirectory.java |   4 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/file/TempFile.java  |   4 +-
 .../io/filefilter/RegexFileFilterTest.java    |   2 +-
 .../SymbolicLinkFileFilterTest.java           |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IOBiFunctionTest.java |   4 +-
 .../io/function/IOQuadFunctionTest.java       |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/function/IORunnableTest.java   |   2 +-
 .../io/function/IOTriFunctionTest.java        |   4 +-
 .../commons/io/function/UncheckTest.java      |   2 +-
 .../commons/io/input/XmlStreamReaderTest.java |  12 +-
 .../input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java  |   2 +-
 .../io/monitor/AbstractMonitorTest.java       |  24 +-
 .../io/monitor/CollectionFileListener.java    |  28 +-
 .../io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitorTest.java |   7 +-
 .../io/output/ChunkedOutputStreamTest.java    |   4 +-
 .../output/DeferredFileOutputStreamTest.java  |  17 +-
 .../AbstractCloseableListTest.java            |   2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java |  24 +-
 .../ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream.java     |   4 +-
 166 files changed, 1728 insertions(+), 1719 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
index 9624a0ba8b4..b9209cb316f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderMark.java
@@ -128,10 +128,10 @@ public class ByteOrderMark implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance.
      *
-     * @param charsetName The name of the charset the BOM represents
-     * @param bytes The BOM's bytes
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the charsetName is zero length
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bytes are zero length
+     * @param charsetName The name of the charset the BOM represents.
+     * @param bytes The BOM's bytes.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the charsetName is zero length.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the bytes are zero length.
      */
     public ByteOrderMark(final String charsetName, final int... bytes) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(charsetName, "charsetName");
@@ -149,9 +149,9 @@ public ByteOrderMark(final String charsetName, final int... bytes) {
     /**
      * Indicates if this instance's bytes equals another.
      *
-     * @param obj The object to compare to
+     * @param obj The object to compare to.
      * @return true if the bom's bytes are equal, otherwise
-     * false
+     * false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ public boolean equals(final Object obj) {
     /**
      * Gets the byte at the specified position.
      *
-     * @param pos The position
-     * @return The specified byte
+     * @param pos The position.
+     * @return The specified byte.
      */
     public int get(final int pos) {
         return bytes[pos];
@@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ public int get(final int pos) {
     /**
      * Gets a copy of the BOM's bytes.
      *
-     * @return a copy of the BOM's bytes
+     * @return a copy of the BOM's bytes.
      */
     public byte[] getBytes() {
         final byte[] copy = IOUtils.byteArray(bytes.length);
@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ public byte[] getBytes() {
     /**
      * Gets the name of the {@link java.nio.charset.Charset} the BOM represents.
      *
-     * @return the character set name
+     * @return the character set name.
      */
     public String getCharsetName() {
         return charsetName;
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ public int hashCode() {
     /**
      * Gets the length of the BOM's bytes.
      *
-     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
+     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes.
      */
     public int length() {
         return bytes.length;
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ public boolean matches(final int[] test) {
     /**
      * Converts this instance to a String representation of the BOM.
      *
-     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes
+     * @return the length of the BOM's bytes.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderParser.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderParser.java
index 33a263e4966..6684c04c23f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderParser.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ByteOrderParser.java
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ public final class ByteOrderParser {
      * </ul>
      *
      * @param value
-     *            the {@link String} containing the ByteOrder representation to be parsed
-     * @return the ByteOrder represented by the string argument
+     *            the {@link String} containing the ByteOrder representation to be parsed.
+     * @return the ByteOrder represented by the string argument.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
      *             if the {@link String} containing the ByteOrder representation to be parsed is unknown.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java
index ef6a6264f77..cd5454f5834 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/Charsets.java
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ public static SortedMap<String, Charset> requiredCharsets() {
      *
      * @param charset
      *            A charset or null.
-     * @return the given Charset or the default Charset if the given Charset is null
+     * @return the given Charset or the default Charset if the given Charset is null.
      * @see Charset#defaultCharset()
      */
     public static Charset toCharset(final Charset charset) {
@@ -277,7 +277,7 @@ public static Charset toCharsetDefault(final String charsetName, final Charset d
     /**
      * Construct a new instance.
      *
-     * @deprecated Will be private in 4.0
+     * @deprecated Will be private in 3.0.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public Charsets() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index bb9ac470c75..1c88614a213 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -117,9 +117,9 @@ public class CopyUtils {
 
     /**
      * Copies bytes from a {@code byte[]} to an {@link OutputStream}.
-     * @param input the byte array to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input the byte array to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void copy(final byte[] input, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         output.write(input);
@@ -130,10 +130,10 @@ public static void copy(final byte[] input, final OutputStream output) throws IO
      * {@link Writer}.
      * The platform's default encoding is used for the byte-to-char conversion.
      *
-     * @param input the byte array to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(byte[], Writer, String)} instead
+     * @param input the byte array to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(byte[], Writer, String)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output) throws IOException {
@@ -145,12 +145,12 @@ public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output) throws IOExcept
      * Copies and convert bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a
      * {@link Writer}, using the specified encoding.
      *
-     * @param input the byte array to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
+     * @param input the byte array to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
      * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output, final String encoding) throws IOException {
         final ByteArrayInputStream inputStream = new ByteArrayInputStream(input);
@@ -161,10 +161,10 @@ public static void copy(final byte[] input, final Writer output, final String en
      * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to an
      * {@link OutputStream}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
-     * @return the number of bytes copied
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @return the number of bytes copied.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static int copy(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         final byte[] buffer = IOUtils.byteArray();
@@ -184,10 +184,10 @@ public static int copy(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output) throw
      * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(InputStream, Writer, String)} instead
+     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(InputStream, Writer, String)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void copy(
@@ -203,12 +203,12 @@ public static void copy(
      * Copies and convert bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
      * {@link Writer}, using the specified encoding.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
+     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
      * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void copy(
             final InputStream input,
@@ -226,10 +226,10 @@ public static void copy(
      * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(Reader, OutputStream, String)} instead
+     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(Reader, OutputStream, String)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void copy(
@@ -248,12 +248,12 @@ public static void copy(
      * Serialize chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an
      * {@link OutputStream}, and flush the {@link OutputStream}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
+     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
      * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static void copy(
@@ -271,10 +271,10 @@ public static void copy(
     /**
      * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to a {@link Writer}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
-     * @return the number of characters copied
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input the {@link Reader} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @return the number of characters copied.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static int copy(
             final Reader input,
@@ -300,10 +300,10 @@ public static int copy(
      * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset} for byte-to-char conversion.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link String} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(String, OutputStream, String)} instead
+     * @param input the {@link String} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(String, OutputStream, String)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void copy(
@@ -324,12 +324,12 @@ public static void copy(
      * {@link OutputStream}, and
      * flush the {@link OutputStream}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link String} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to
+     * @param input the {@link String} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @param encoding The name of a supported character encoding. See the
      * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA
      * Charset Registry</a> for a list of valid encoding types.
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static void copy(
@@ -348,9 +348,9 @@ public static void copy(
     /**
      * Copies chars from a {@link String} to a {@link Writer}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link String} to read from
-     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to
-     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input the {@link String} to read from.
+     * @param output the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void copy(final String input, final Writer output)
                 throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
index 23f5f14f2a8..1bc9d44b030 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ public static class CancelException extends IOException {
          * Constructs a {@link CancelException} with
          * the file and depth when cancellation occurred.
          *
-         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled, may be null
-         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled, may be null
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled, may be null.
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled, may be null.
          */
         public CancelException(final File file, final int depth) {
             this("Operation Cancelled", file, depth);
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ public CancelException(final File file, final int depth) {
          * an appropriate message and the file and depth when
          * cancellation occurred.
          *
-         * @param message  the detail message
-         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled
-         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled
+         * @param message  the detail message.
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled.
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled.
          */
         public CancelException(final String message, final File file, final int depth) {
             super(message);
@@ -297,7 +297,7 @@ public CancelException(final String message, final File file, final int depth) {
         /**
          * Returns the depth when the operation was cancelled.
          *
-         * @return the depth when the operation was cancelled
+         * @return the depth when the operation was cancelled.
          */
         public int getDepth() {
             return depth;
@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ public int getDepth() {
         /**
          * Returns the file when the operation was cancelled.
          *
-         * @return the file when the operation was cancelled
+         * @return the file when the operation was cancelled.
          */
         public File getFile() {
             return file;
@@ -338,9 +338,9 @@ protected DirectoryWalker() {
      * filtering should occur and all files and directories will be visited.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to apply, null means visit all files
+     * @param filter  the filter to apply, null means visit all files.
      * @param depthLimit  controls how <em>deep</em> the hierarchy is
-     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited)
+     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited).
      */
     protected DirectoryWalker(final FileFilter filter, final int depthLimit) {
         this.filter = filter;
@@ -357,10 +357,10 @@ protected DirectoryWalker(final FileFilter filter, final int depthLimit) {
      * A {@code null} filter means that no filtering should occur.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directoryFilter  the filter to apply to directories, null means visit all directories
-     * @param fileFilter  the filter to apply to files, null means visit all files
+     * @param directoryFilter  the filter to apply to directories, null means visit all directories.
+     * @param fileFilter  the filter to apply to files, null means visit all files.
      * @param depthLimit  controls how <em>deep</em> the hierarchy is
-     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited)
+     *  navigated to (less than 0 means unlimited).
      */
     protected DirectoryWalker(IOFileFilter directoryFilter, IOFileFilter fileFilter, final int depthLimit) {
         if (directoryFilter == null && fileFilter == null) {
@@ -385,10 +385,10 @@ protected DirectoryWalker(IOFileFilter directoryFilter, IOFileFilter fileFilter,
      * you may wish to check for cancellation by calling this method.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file  the current file being processed
-     * @param depth  the current file level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param file  the current file being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current file level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     protected final void checkIfCancelled(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
             IOException {
@@ -403,11 +403,11 @@ protected final void checkIfCancelled(final File file, final int depth, final Co
      * This implementation returns the files unchanged
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
      * @param files the files (possibly filtered) in the directory, may be {@code null}
-     * @return the filtered list of files
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @return the filtered list of files.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
@@ -424,11 +424,11 @@ protected File[] filterDirectoryContents(final File directory, final int depth,
      * This implementation just re-throws the {@link CancelException}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param startDirectory  the directory that the walk started from
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory that the walk started from.
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
      * @param cancel  the exception throw to cancel further processing
      * containing details at the point of cancellation.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     protected void handleCancelled(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results,
                        final CancelException cancel) throws IOException {
@@ -447,11 +447,11 @@ protected void handleCancelled(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> re
      * This implementation does nothing and returns true.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @return true to process this directory, false to skip this directory
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @return true to process this directory, false to skip this directory.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected boolean handleDirectory(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
@@ -466,10 +466,10 @@ protected boolean handleDirectory(final File directory, final int depth, final C
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directory  the directory being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param directory  the directory being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleDirectoryEnd(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
@@ -483,10 +483,10 @@ protected void handleDirectoryEnd(final File directory, final int depth, final C
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directory  the current directory being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param directory  the current directory being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleDirectoryStart(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
@@ -500,8 +500,8 @@ protected void handleDirectoryStart(final File directory, final int depth, final
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleEnd(final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
@@ -514,10 +514,10 @@ protected void handleEnd(final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file  the current file being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param file  the current file being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
@@ -556,11 +556,11 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T>
      * This implementation returns false.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file  the file or directory being processed
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @return true if the walk has been cancelled
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param file  the file or directory being processed.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @return true if the walk has been cancelled.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected boolean handleIsCancelled(
@@ -575,10 +575,10 @@ protected boolean handleIsCancelled(
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param directory  the restricted directory
-     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param directory  the restricted directory.
+     * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleRestricted(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws
@@ -592,9 +592,9 @@ protected void handleRestricted(final File directory, final int depth, final Col
      * This implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from.
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected void handleStart(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
@@ -613,10 +613,10 @@ protected void handleStart(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> result
      * The event methods have the prefix {@code handle}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from, not null
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the start directory is null
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param startDirectory  the directory to start from, not null.
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the start directory is null.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     protected final void walk(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(startDirectory, "startDirectory");
@@ -632,10 +632,10 @@ protected final void walk(final File startDirectory, final Collection<T> results
     /**
      * Main recursive method to examine the directory hierarchy.
      *
-     * @param directory  the directory to examine, not null
-     * @param depth  the directory level (starting directory = 0)
-     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs
+     * @param directory  the directory to examine, not null.
+     * @param depth  the directory level (starting directory = 0).
+     * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     private void walk(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
         checkIfCancelled(directory, depth, results);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
index 6b4d58eeba3..0306a661acc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ public class EndianUtils {
 
     /**
      * Reads the next byte from the input stream.
-     * @param input  the stream
-     * @return the byte
-     * @throws IOException if the end of file is reached
+     * @param input  the stream.
+     * @return the byte.
+     * @throws IOException if the end of file is reached.
      */
     private static int read(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         final int value = input.read();
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ private static int read(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code double} value from a byte array at a given offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes.
      */
     public static double readSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         return Double.longBitsToDouble(readSwappedLong(data, offset));
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ public static double readSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code double} value from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static double readSwappedDouble(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         return Double.longBitsToDouble(readSwappedLong(input));
@@ -88,10 +88,10 @@ public static double readSwappedDouble(final InputStream input) throws IOExcepti
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code float} value from a byte array at a given offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes.
      */
     public static float readSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         return Float.intBitsToFloat(readSwappedInteger(data, offset));
@@ -100,9 +100,9 @@ public static float readSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code float} value from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static float readSwappedFloat(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         return Float.intBitsToFloat(readSwappedInteger(input));
@@ -111,10 +111,10 @@ public static float readSwappedFloat(final InputStream input) throws IOException
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code int} value from a byte array at a given offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes.
      */
     public static int readSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Integer.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -127,9 +127,9 @@ public static int readSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code int} value from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static int readSwappedInteger(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         final int value1 = read(input);
@@ -142,10 +142,10 @@ public static int readSwappedInteger(final InputStream input) throws IOException
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code long} value from a byte array at a given offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes.
      */
     public static long readSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Long.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ public static long readSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code long} value from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static long readSwappedLong(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         final byte[] bytes = new byte[8];
@@ -172,10 +172,10 @@ public static long readSwappedLong(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code short} value from a byte array at a given offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes.
      */
     public static short readSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Short.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -185,9 +185,9 @@ public static short readSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian {@code short} value from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static short readSwappedShort(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         return (short) (((read(input) & 0xff) << 0) + ((read(input) & 0xff) << 8));
@@ -197,10 +197,10 @@ public static short readSwappedShort(final InputStream input) throws IOException
      * Reads a little-endian unsigned integer (32-bit) value from a byte array at a given
      * offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes.
     */
     public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Integer.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -214,9 +214,9 @@ public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offse
     /**
      * Reads a little-endian unsigned integer (32-bit) from an InputStream.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         final int value1 = read(input);
@@ -232,10 +232,10 @@ public static long readSwappedUnsignedInteger(final InputStream input) throws IO
      * Reads an unsigned short (16-bit) value from a byte array in little-endian order at a given
      * offset.
      *
-     * @param data source byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @return the value read
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes
+     * @param data source byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @return the value read.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes.
      */
     public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Short.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -245,9 +245,9 @@ public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset)
     /**
      * Reads an unsigned short (16-bit) from an InputStream in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param input source InputStream
-     * @return the value just read
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param input source InputStream.
+     * @return the value just read.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
         final int value1 = read(input);
@@ -263,8 +263,8 @@ public static int readSwappedUnsignedShort(final InputStream input) throws IOExc
      * This can be useful if you have a number that was read from the
      * underlying source in the wrong endianness.
      *
-     * @param value value to convert
-     * @return the converted value
+     * @param value value to convert.
+     * @return the converted value.
      */
     public static double swapDouble(final double value) {
         return Double.longBitsToDouble(swapLong(Double.doubleToLongBits(value)));
@@ -273,8 +273,8 @@ public static double swapDouble(final double value) {
     /**
      * Converts a {@code float} value from big-endian to little-endian and vice versa.
      *
-     * @param value value to convert
-     * @return the converted value
+     * @param value value to convert.
+     * @return the converted value.
      */
     public static float swapFloat(final float value) {
         return Float.intBitsToFloat(swapInteger(Float.floatToIntBits(value)));
@@ -283,8 +283,8 @@ public static float swapFloat(final float value) {
     /**
      * Converts an {@code int} value from big-endian to little-endian and vice versa.
      *
-     * @param value value to convert
-     * @return the converted value
+     * @param value value to convert.
+     * @return the converted value.
      */
     public static int swapInteger(final int value) {
         return
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ public static int swapInteger(final int value) {
     /**
      * Converts a {@code long} value from big-endian to little-endian and vice versa.
      *
-     * @param value value to convert
-     * @return the converted value
+     * @param value value to convert.
+     * @return the converted value.
      */
     public static long swapLong(final long value) {
         return
@@ -315,8 +315,8 @@ public static long swapLong(final long value) {
     /**
      * Converts a {@code short} value from big-endian to little-endian and vice versa.
      *
-     * @param value value to convert
-     * @return the converted value
+     * @param value value to convert.
+     * @return the converted value.
      */
     public static short swapShort(final short value) {
         return (short) (((value >> 0 & 0xff) << 8) +
@@ -326,10 +326,10 @@ public static short swapShort(final short value) {
     /**
      * Validates if the provided byte array has enough data.
      *
-     * @param data the input byte array
-     * @param offset the input offset
-     * @param byteNeeded the needed number of bytes
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the byte array does not have enough data
+     * @param data the input byte array.
+     * @param offset the input offset.
+     * @param byteNeeded the needed number of bytes.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the byte array does not have enough data.
      */
     private static void validateByteArrayOffset(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int byteNeeded) {
         if (data.length < offset + byteNeeded) {
@@ -340,10 +340,10 @@ private static void validateByteArrayOffset(final byte[] data, final int offset,
     /**
      * Writes the 8 bytes of a {@code double} to a byte array at a given offset in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param data target byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes
+     * @param data target byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset, final double value) {
         writeSwappedLong(data, offset, Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
@@ -352,9 +352,9 @@ public static void writeSwappedDouble(final byte[] data, final int offset, final
     /**
      * Writes the 8 bytes of a {@code double} to an output stream in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param output target OutputStream
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param output target OutputStream.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedDouble(final OutputStream output, final double value) throws IOException {
         writeSwappedLong(output, Double.doubleToLongBits(value));
@@ -363,10 +363,10 @@ public static void writeSwappedDouble(final OutputStream output, final double va
     /**
      * Writes the 4 bytes of a {@code float} to a byte array at a given offset in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param data target byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes
+     * @param data target byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset, final float value) {
         writeSwappedInteger(data, offset, Float.floatToIntBits(value));
@@ -375,9 +375,9 @@ public static void writeSwappedFloat(final byte[] data, final int offset, final
     /**
      * Writes the 4 bytes of a {@code float} to an output stream in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param output target OutputStream
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param output target OutputStream.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
     */
     public static void writeSwappedFloat(final OutputStream output, final float value) throws IOException {
         writeSwappedInteger(output, Float.floatToIntBits(value));
@@ -386,10 +386,10 @@ public static void writeSwappedFloat(final OutputStream output, final float valu
     /**
      * Writes the 4 bytes of an {@code int} to a byte array at a given offset in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param data target byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes
+     * @param data target byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 4 bytes.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int value) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Integer.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -402,9 +402,9 @@ public static void writeSwappedInteger(final byte[] data, final int offset, fina
     /**
      * Writes the 4 bytes of an {@code int} to an output stream in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param output target OutputStream
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param output target OutputStream.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedInteger(final OutputStream output, final int value) throws IOException {
         output.write((byte) (value >> 0 & 0xff));
@@ -416,10 +416,10 @@ public static void writeSwappedInteger(final OutputStream output, final int valu
     /**
      * Writes the 8 bytes of a {@code long} to a byte array at a given offset in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param data target byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes
+     * @param data target byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 8 bytes.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset, final long value) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Long.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -436,9 +436,9 @@ public static void writeSwappedLong(final byte[] data, final int offset, final l
     /**
      * Writes the 8 bytes of a {@code long} to an output stream in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param output target OutputStream
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param output target OutputStream.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedLong(final OutputStream output, final long value) throws IOException {
         output.write((byte) (value >> 0 & 0xff));
@@ -454,10 +454,10 @@ public static void writeSwappedLong(final OutputStream output, final long value)
     /**
      * Writes the 2 bytes of a {@code short} to a byte array at a given offset in little-endian order.
      *
-     * @param data target byte array
-     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes
+     * @param data target byte array.
+     * @param offset starting offset in the byte array.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the part of the byte array starting at offset does not have at least 2 bytes.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset, final short value) {
         validateByteArrayOffset(data, offset, Short.SIZE / Byte.SIZE);
@@ -468,9 +468,9 @@ public static void writeSwappedShort(final byte[] data, final int offset, final
     /**
      * Writes the 2 bytes of a {@code short} to an output stream using little-endian encoding.
      *
-     * @param output target OutputStream
-     * @param value value to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem
+     * @param output target OutputStream.
+     * @param value value to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O problem.
      */
     public static void writeSwappedShort(final OutputStream output, final short value) throws IOException {
         output.write((byte) (value >> 0 & 0xff));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
index 5ffdd7db219..e874f91f903 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public static synchronized void exitWhenFinished() {
      * {@link FileCleaningTracker} class while maintain compatibility with the
      * deprecated {@link FileCleaner}.
      *
-     * @return the singleton instance
+     * @return the singleton instance.
      */
     public static FileCleaningTracker getInstance() {
         return INSTANCE;
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public static FileCleaningTracker getInstance() {
      * Gets the number of files currently being tracked, and therefore
      * awaiting deletion.
      *
-     * @return the number of files being tracked
+     * @return the number of files being tracked.
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#getTrackCount()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -99,9 +99,9 @@ public static int getTrackCount() {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(File, Object)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -114,10 +114,10 @@ public static void track(final File file, final Object marker) {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The specified deletion strategy is used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(File, Object, FileDeleteStrategy)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ public static void track(final File file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteS
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
      *
-     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null.
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(String, Object)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -145,10 +145,10 @@ public static void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The specified deletion strategy is used.
      *
-     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null.
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#track(String, Object, FileDeleteStrategy)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index 98edebc518e..5bde044e333 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -99,10 +99,10 @@ private static final class Tracker extends PhantomReference<Object> {
         /**
          * Constructs an instance of this class from the supplied parameters.
          *
-         * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-         * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-         * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-         * @param queue  the queue on to which the tracker will be pushed, not null
+         * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+         * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+         * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+         * @param queue  the queue on to which the tracker will be pushed, not null.
          */
         Tracker(final String path, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy, final Object marker,
                 final ReferenceQueue<? super Object> queue) {
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public boolean delete() {
         /**
          * Gets the path.
          *
-         * @return the path
+         * @return the path.
          */
         public String getPath() {
             return path;
@@ -166,9 +166,9 @@ public FileCleaningTracker() {
     /**
      * Adds a tracker to the list of trackers.
      *
-     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
      */
     private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
             deleteStrategy) {
@@ -218,7 +218,7 @@ public synchronized void exitWhenFinished() {
     /**
      * Gets a copy of the file paths that failed to delete.
      *
-     * @return a copy of the file paths that failed to delete
+     * @return a copy of the file paths that failed to delete.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public List<String> getDeleteFailures() {
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ public List<String> getDeleteFailures() {
      * Gets the number of files currently being tracked, and therefore
      * awaiting deletion.
      *
-     * @return the number of files being tracked
+     * @return the number of files being tracked.
      */
     public int getTrackCount() {
         return trackers.size();
@@ -240,9 +240,9 @@ public int getTrackCount() {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      */
     public void track(final File file, final Object marker) {
         track(file, marker, null);
@@ -253,10 +253,10 @@ public void track(final File file, final Object marker) {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The specified deletion strategy is used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      */
     public void track(final File file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(file, "file");
@@ -268,9 +268,9 @@ public void track(final File file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      * @since 2.14.0
      */
     public void track(final Path file, final Object marker) {
@@ -282,10 +282,10 @@ public void track(final Path file, final Object marker) {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The specified deletion strategy is used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
+     * @param file  the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
      * @since 2.14.0
      */
     public void track(final Path file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
@@ -298,9 +298,9 @@ public void track(final Path file, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The {@link FileDeleteStrategy#NORMAL normal} deletion strategy will be used.
      *
-     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null.
      */
     public void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
         track(path, marker, null);
@@ -311,10 +311,10 @@ public void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
      * when the marker instance is garbage collected.
      * The specified deletion strategy is used.
      *
-     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null
-     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null
-     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null
+     * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
+     * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
+     * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null.
      */
     public void track(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(path, "path");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
index 62cf28c1631..9ce7ab2461a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
@@ -51,10 +51,10 @@ static class ForceFileDeleteStrategy extends FileDeleteStrategy {
          * if the file exists.
          * </p>
          *
-         * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null
+         * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null.
          * @return Always returns {@code true}
-         * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
-         * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+         * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
+         * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion.
          */
         @Override
         protected boolean doDelete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
@@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ protected boolean doDelete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Restricted constructor.
      *
-     * @param name  the name by which the strategy is known
+     * @param name  the name by which the strategy is known.
      */
     protected FileDeleteStrategy(final String name) {
         this.name = name;
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ protected FileDeleteStrategy(final String name) {
      * Subclass writers should override {@link #doDelete(File)}, not this method.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion.
      */
     public void delete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
         if (fileToDelete.exists() && !doDelete(fileToDelete)) {
@@ -112,8 +112,8 @@ public void delete(final File fileToDelete) throws IOException {
      * Subclass writers should override {@link #doDelete(File)}, not this method.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, null returns true
-     * @return true if the file was deleted, or there was no such file
+     * @param fileToDelete  the file to delete, null returns true.
+     * @return true if the file was deleted, or there was no such file.
      */
     public boolean deleteQuietly(final File fileToDelete) {
         if (fileToDelete == null || !fileToDelete.exists()) {
@@ -139,10 +139,10 @@ public boolean deleteQuietly(final File fileToDelete) {
      * This implementation uses {@link FileUtils#delete(File)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file  the file to delete, exists, not null
-     * @return true if the file was deleted
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion
+     * @param file  the file to delete, exists, not null.
+     * @return true if the file was deleted.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file is null.
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs during file deletion.
      */
     protected boolean doDelete(final File file) throws IOException {
         FileUtils.delete(file);
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ protected boolean doDelete(final File file) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets a string describing the delete strategy.
      *
-     * @return a string describing the delete strategy
+     * @return a string describing the delete strategy.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileExistsException.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileExistsException.java
index 1f733cf11ae..2028ddc5ebd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileExistsException.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileExistsException.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public FileExistsException() {
     /**
      * Constructs an instance with the specified file.
      *
-     * @param file The file that exists
+     * @param file The file that exists.
      */
     public FileExistsException(final File file) {
         super("File " + file + " exists");
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public FileExistsException(final File file) {
     /**
      * Constructs an instance with the specified message.
      *
-     * @param message The error message
+     * @param message The error message.
      */
     public FileExistsException(final String message) {
         super(message);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
index e05b52c189e..e4ba867a685 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
@@ -266,7 +266,7 @@ final boolean isWithinLimit(final CharSequence value, final int limit, final Cha
     /**
      * Gets the current file system.
      *
-     * @return the current file system
+     * @return the current file system.
      */
     private static FileSystem current() {
         if (IS_OS_LINUX) {
@@ -284,7 +284,7 @@ private static FileSystem current() {
     /**
      * Gets the current file system.
      *
-     * @return the current file system
+     * @return the current file system.
      */
     public static FileSystem getCurrent() {
         return CURRENT;
@@ -294,8 +294,8 @@ public static FileSystem getCurrent() {
      * Decides if the operating system matches.
      *
      * @param osNamePrefix
-     *            the prefix for the operating system name
-     * @return true if matches, or false if not or can't determine
+     *            the prefix for the operating system name.
+     * @return true if matches, or false if not or can't determine.
      */
     private static boolean getOsMatchesName(final String osNamePrefix) {
         return isOsNameMatch(getSystemProperty("os.name"), osNamePrefix);
@@ -309,8 +309,8 @@ private static boolean getOsMatchesName(final String osNamePrefix) {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param property
-     *            the system property name
-     * @return the system property value or {@code null} if a security problem occurs
+     *            the system property name.
+     * @return the system property value or {@code null} if a security problem occurs.
      */
     private static String getSystemProperty(final String property) {
         try {
@@ -345,10 +345,10 @@ private static int indexOfFirstDot(final CharSequence cs) {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param osName
-     *            the actual OS name
+     *            the actual OS name.
      * @param osNamePrefix
-     *            the prefix for the expected OS name
-     * @return true if matches, or false if not or can't determine
+     *            the prefix for the expected OS name.
+     * @return true if matches, or false if not or can't determine.
      */
     private static boolean isOsNameMatch(final String osName, final String osNamePrefix) {
         if (osName == null) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java
index 4c0af0d3671..7455dca8d09 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystemUtils.java
@@ -53,12 +53,12 @@ public class FileSystemUtils {
      * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("/volume"); // *nix
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param path the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume
+     * @param path the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix.
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      * @since 1.1, enhanced OS support in 1.2 and 1.3
-     * @deprecated Use freeSpaceKb(String) Deprecated from 1.3, may be removed in 2.0
+     * @deprecated Use freeSpaceKb(String) Deprecated from 1.3, may be removed in 2.0.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static long freeSpace(final String path) throws IOException {
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public static long freeSpace(final String path) throws IOException {
      * freeSpaceKb(FileUtils.current().getAbsolutePath())
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      * @since 2.0
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public static long freeSpaceKb() throws IOException {
      * </pre>
      *
      * @param timeout ignored.
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      * @since 2.0
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ public static long freeSpaceKb(final long timeout) throws IOException {
      * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("/volume"); // *nix
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param path the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @param path the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix.
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      * @since 1.2, enhanced OS support in 1.3
@@ -136,9 +136,9 @@ public static long freeSpaceKb(final String path) throws IOException {
      * FileSystemUtils.freeSpaceKb("/volume"); // *nix
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param path    the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
+     * @param path    the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix.
      * @param timeout ignored.
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume in kilobytes.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      * @since 2.0
@@ -157,8 +157,8 @@ public static long freeSpaceKb(final String path, final long timeout) throws IOE
      * FileSystemUtils.freeSpace("/volume"); // *nix
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param pathStr the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix
-     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume
+     * @param pathStr the path to get free space for, not null, not empty on Unix.
+     * @return the amount of free drive space on the drive or volume.
      * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the path is invalid.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index b86f5504814..d340a2baadc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@
  * {@link SecurityException} are not documented in the Javadoc.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * Provenance: Excalibur, Alexandria, Commons-Utils
+ * Provenance: Excalibur, Alexandria, Commons-Utils.
  * </p>
  */
 public class FileUtils {
@@ -230,8 +230,8 @@ public class FileUtils {
      * Similarly for the 1MB and 1KB boundaries.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param size the number of bytes
-     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - QB, RB, YB, ZB, EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes)
+     * @param size the number of bytes.
+     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - QB, RB, YB, ZB, EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes).
      * @throws NullPointerException if the given {@link BigInteger} is {@code null}.
      * @see <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-226">IO-226 - should the rounding be changed?</a>
      * @since 2.4
@@ -276,8 +276,8 @@ public static String byteCountToDisplaySize(final BigInteger size) {
      * Similarly for the 1MB and 1KB boundaries.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param size the number of bytes
-     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes)
+     * @param size the number of bytes.
+     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes).
      * @see <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-226">IO-226 - should the rounding be changed?</a>
      */
     // See https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-226 - should the rounding be changed?
@@ -295,8 +295,8 @@ public static String byteCountToDisplaySize(final long size) {
      * Similarly for the 1MB and 1KB boundaries.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param size the number of bytes
-     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes)
+     * @param size the number of bytes.
+     * @return a human-readable display value (includes units - EB, PB, TB, GB, MB, KB or bytes).
      * @see <a href="https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-226">IO-226 - should the rounding be changed?</a>
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
@@ -357,11 +357,11 @@ private static File checkIsFile(final File file, final String name) {
      *
      * @param file the file to checksum, must not be {@code null}
      * @param checksum the checksum object to be used, must not be {@code null}
-     * @return the checksum specified, updated with the content of the file
+     * @return the checksum specified, updated with the content of the file.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the given {@link File} is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the given {@link Checksum} is {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the given {@link File} is not a file.
-     * @throws FileNotFoundException if the file does not exist
+     * @throws FileNotFoundException if the file does not exist.
      * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs reading the file.
      * @since 1.3
      */
@@ -379,7 +379,7 @@ public static Checksum checksum(final File file, final Checksum checksum) throws
      * The value of the checksum is returned.
      *
      * @param file the file to checksum, must not be {@code null}
-     * @return the checksum value
+     * @return the checksum value.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the {@code file} is {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the {@code file} does not exist or is not a file.
      * @throws IOException              if an IO error occurs reading the file.
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ public static long checksumCRC32(final File file) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Cleans a directory without deleting it.
      *
-     * @param directory directory to clean
+     * @param directory directory to clean.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the given {@link File} is {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the {@code directory} does not exist or is not a directory.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -422,9 +422,9 @@ private static void cleanDirectoryOnExit(final File directory) throws IOExceptio
      * resorting to byte-by-byte comparison of the contents.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file1 the first file
-     * @param file2 the second file
-     * @return true if the content of the files are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise
+     * @param file1 the first file.
+     * @param file2 the second file.
+     * @return true if the content of the files are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException when an input is not a file.
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      * @see PathUtils#fileContentEquals(Path,Path)
@@ -464,12 +464,12 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final File file1, final File file2) throws I
      * before resorting to line-by-line comparison of the contents.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file1       the first file
-     * @param file2       the second file
+     * @param file1       the first file.
+     * @param file2       the second file.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset.
-     *                    May be null, in which case the platform default is used
+     *                    May be null, in which case the platform default is used.
      * @return true if the content of the files are equal or neither exists,
-     * false otherwise
+     * false otherwise.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException when an input is not a file.
      * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @throws UnsupportedCharsetException If the named charset is unavailable (unchecked exception).
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ public static boolean contentEqualsIgnoreEOL(final File file1, final File file2,
      * representation. This is to account for the difference between
      * File.listFiles() and FileUtils.listFiles().
      *
-     * @param files a Collection containing {@link File} instances
+     * @param files a Collection containing {@link File} instances.
      * @return an array of {@link File}
      */
     public static File[] convertFileCollectionToFileArray(final Collection<File> files) {
@@ -545,9 +545,9 @@ public static File[] convertFileCollectionToFileArray(final Collection<File> fil
      * @param destDir the new directory, must not be {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcDir} exists but is not a directory,
-     *     the source and the destination directory are the same
+     *     the source and the destination directory are the same.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir) throws IOException {
@@ -573,9 +573,9 @@ public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir) throws I
      * @param destDir the new directory, must not be {@code null}.
      * @param preserveFileDate true if the file date of the copy should be the same as the original.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcDir} exists but is not a directory, or
-     *     the source and the destination directory are the same
+     *     the source and the destination directory are the same.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final boolean preserveFileDate)
@@ -623,9 +623,9 @@ public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final bo
      * @param filter the filter to apply, null means copy all directories and files should be the same as the original.
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcDir} exists but is not a directory, or
-     *     the source and the destination directory are the same
+     *     the source and the destination directory are the same.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final FileFilter filter)
@@ -675,7 +675,7 @@ public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final Fi
      * @param preserveFileDate true if the file date of the copy should be the same as the original.
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcDir} exists but is not a directory,
-     *     the source and the destination directory are the same, or the destination is not writable
+     *     the source and the destination directory are the same, or the destination is not writable.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
      * @throws IOException if an error occurs or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 1.4
@@ -722,14 +722,14 @@ public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final Fi
      *
      * @param srcDir an existing directory to copy, must not be {@code null}
      * @param destDir the new directory, must not be {@code null}
-     * @param fileFilter the filter to apply, null means copy all directories and files
-     * @param preserveFileDate true if the file date of the copy should be the same as the original
+     * @param fileFilter the filter to apply, null means copy all directories and files.
+     * @param preserveFileDate true if the file date of the copy should be the same as the original.
      * @param copyOptions options specifying how the copy should be done, for example {@link StandardCopyOption}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcDir} exists but is not a directory, or
-     *     the source and the destination directory are the same
+     *     the source and the destination directory are the same.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final FileFilter fileFilter, final boolean preserveFileDate,
@@ -775,7 +775,7 @@ public static void copyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final Fi
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the source or destination is invalid.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs, the destination is not writable, or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
      * @since 1.2
      */
     public static void copyDirectoryToDirectory(final File sourceDir, final File destinationDir) throws IOException {
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ public static void copyFile(final File srcFile, final File destFile) throws IOEx
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if source or destination is invalid.
      * @throws IOException if an error occurs or setting the last-modified time didn't succeed.
-     * @throws IOException if the output file length is not the same as the input file length after the copy completes
+     * @throws IOException if the output file length is not the same as the input file length after the copy completes.
      * @see #copyFile(File, File, boolean, CopyOption...)
      */
     public static void copyFile(final File srcFile, final File destFile, final boolean preserveFileDate) throws IOException {
@@ -864,10 +864,10 @@ public static void copyFile(final File srcFile, final File destFile, final boole
      * @param copyOptions options specifying how the copy should be done, for example {@link StandardCopyOption}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if any of the given {@link File}s are {@code null}.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the source does not exist.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcFile} or {@code destFile} is not a file
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code srcFile} or {@code destFile} is not a file.
      * @throws IOException if the output file length is not the same as the input file length after the copy completes.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs, setting the last-modified time didn't succeed,
-     *     or the destination is not writable
+     *     or the destination is not writable.
      * @see #copyFileToDirectory(File, File, boolean)
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -917,7 +917,7 @@ public static void copyFile(final File srcFile, final File destFile, final CopyO
      *
      * @param input  the {@link File} to read.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write.
-     * @return the number of bytes copied
+     * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the File is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -995,13 +995,13 @@ public static void copyFileToDirectory(final File sourceFile, final File destina
      * See {@link #copyToFile(InputStream, File)} for a method that does not close the input stream.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param source      the {@link InputStream} to copy bytes from, must not be {@code null}, will be closed
+     * @param source      the {@link InputStream} to copy bytes from, must not be {@code null}, will be closed.
      * @param destination the non-directory {@link File} to write bytes to
      *                    (possibly overwriting), must not be {@code null}
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be
-     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be.
+     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static void copyInputStreamToFile(final InputStream source, final File destination) throws IOException {
@@ -1116,11 +1116,11 @@ public static void copyToFile(final InputStream inputStream, final File file) th
      * @param source      the {@link URL} to copy bytes from, must not be {@code null}
      * @param destination the non-directory {@link File} to write bytes to
      *                    (possibly overwriting), must not be {@code null}
-     * @throws IOException if {@code source} URL cannot be opened
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be
-     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying
+     * @throws IOException if {@code source} URL cannot be opened.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be.
+     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying.
      */
     public static void copyURLToFile(final URL source, final File destination) throws IOException {
         final Path path = destination.toPath();
@@ -1140,11 +1140,11 @@ public static void copyURLToFile(final URL source, final File destination) throw
      *        be established to the {@code source}
      * @param readTimeoutMillis the number of milliseconds until this method will time out if no data could be read from
      *        the {@code source}
-     * @throws IOException if {@code source} URL cannot be opened
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written
-     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be
-     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying
+     * @throws IOException if {@code source} URL cannot be opened.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} is a directory.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} cannot be written.
+     * @throws IOException if {@code destination} needs creating but can't be.
+     * @throws IOException if an IO error occurs during copying.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static void copyURLToFile(final URL source, final File destination, final int connectionTimeoutMillis, final int readTimeoutMillis)
@@ -1235,7 +1235,7 @@ static String decodeUrl(final String url) {
      *
      * @param file The file to delete.
      * @return the given file.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if the parameter is {@code null}
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if the parameter is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException              if the file cannot be deleted.
      * @see File#delete()
      * @since 2.9.0
@@ -1249,10 +1249,10 @@ public static File delete(final File file) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Deletes a directory recursively.
      *
-     * @param directory directory to delete
-     * @throws IOException              in case deletion is unsuccessful
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if the parameter is {@code null}
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code directory} is not a directory
+     * @param directory directory to delete.
+     * @throws IOException              in case deletion is unsuccessful.
+     * @throws NullPointerException     if the parameter is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code directory} is not a directory.
      */
     public static void deleteDirectory(final File directory) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(directory, "directory");
@@ -1269,8 +1269,8 @@ public static void deleteDirectory(final File directory) throws IOException {
      * Requests a directory for deletion recursively when the virtual machine terminates.
      *
      * @param directory directory to delete, must not be {@code null}
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the directory is {@code null}
-     * @throws IOException          in case deletion is unsuccessful
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the directory is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IOException          in case deletion is unsuccessful.
      */
     private static void deleteDirectoryOnExit(final File directory) throws IOException {
         if (!directory.exists()) {
@@ -1292,9 +1292,9 @@ private static void deleteDirectoryOnExit(final File directory) throws IOExcepti
      * <li>No exceptions are thrown when a file or directory cannot be deleted.</li>
      * </ul>
      *
-     * @param file file or directory to delete, can be {@code null}
+     * @param file file or directory to delete, can be {@code null}.
      * @return {@code true} if the file or directory was deleted, otherwise
-     * {@code false}
+     * {@code false}.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public static boolean deleteQuietly(final File file) {
@@ -1360,7 +1360,7 @@ public static boolean directoryContains(final File directory, final File child)
      * @param preserveDirDate preserve the directories last modified dates.
      * @param copyOptions options specifying how the copy should be done, see {@link StandardCopyOption}.
      * @throws IOException if the directory was not created along with all its parent directories.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code destDir} is not writable
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code destDir} is not writable.
      * @throws SecurityException See {@link File#mkdirs()}.
      */
     private static void doCopyDirectory(final File srcDir, final File destDir, final FileFilter fileFilter, final List<String> exclusionList,
@@ -1542,7 +1542,7 @@ private static File getParentFile(final File file) {
     /**
      * Gets a {@link File} representing the system temporary directory.
      *
-     * @return the system temporary directory as a File
+     * @return the system temporary directory as a File.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static File getTempDirectory() {
@@ -1557,7 +1557,7 @@ public static File getTempDirectory() {
      * This can affect code that uses String processing to manipulate pathnames rather
      * than the standard libary methods in classes such as {@link File}
      *
-     * @return the path to the system temporary directory as a String
+     * @return the path to the system temporary directory as a String.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static String getTempDirectoryPath() {
@@ -1589,7 +1589,7 @@ public static String getUserDirectoryPath() {
      * null-safe delegate to {@link Files#isDirectory(Path path, LinkOption... options)}.
      *
      * @param   file the path to the file.
-     * @param   options options indicating how symbolic links are handled
+     * @param   options options indicating how symbolic links are handled.
      * @return  {@code true} if the file is a directory; {@code false} if
      *          the path is null, the file does not exist, is not a directory, or it cannot
      *          be determined if the file is a directory or not.
@@ -1632,7 +1632,7 @@ public static boolean isEmptyDirectory(final File directory) throws IOException
      * @param chronoLocalDate the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the current time.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or local date is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -1656,7 +1656,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * @param localTime       the time reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the given time.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or zone ID is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -1670,13 +1670,13 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * Tests if the specified {@link File} is newer than the specified {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the specified
      * {@link OffsetTime}.
      *
-     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared
-     * @param chronoLocalDate the date reference
-     * @param offsetTime the time reference
+     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared.
+     * @param chronoLocalDate the date reference.
+     * @param offsetTime the time reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the given
      *         {@link OffsetTime}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or zone ID is {@code null}
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or zone ID is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoLocalDate, final OffsetTime offsetTime) {
@@ -1700,7 +1700,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * @param chronoLocalDateTime the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDateTime} at the system-default time zone.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or local date time is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -1717,7 +1717,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDateTime<?>
      * @param zoneId              the time zone.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDateTime} at the given {@link ZoneId}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date time or zone ID is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -1735,7 +1735,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoLocalDateTime<?>
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given
      * {@link ChronoZonedDateTime}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or zoned date time is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoZonedDateTime<?> chronoZonedDateTime) {
@@ -1751,7 +1751,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final ChronoZonedDateTime<?>
      * @param date the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified
      * after the given {@link Date}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or date is {@code null}.
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final Date date) {
@@ -1795,7 +1795,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final FileTime fileTime) thro
      * @param instant the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given {@link Instant}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or instant is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final Instant instant) {
@@ -1810,7 +1810,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final Instant instant) {
      * @param timeMillis the time reference measured in milliseconds since the
      *                   epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970).
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given time reference.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file is {@code null}.
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final long timeMillis) {
@@ -1821,11 +1821,11 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final long timeMillis) {
     /**
      * Tests if the specified {@link File} is newer than the specified {@link OffsetDateTime}.
      *
-     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared
-     * @param offsetDateTime the date reference
+     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared.
+     * @param offsetDateTime the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given {@link OffsetDateTime}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file or zoned date time is {@code null}
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file or zoned date time is {@code null}.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final OffsetDateTime offsetDateTime) {
@@ -1850,7 +1850,7 @@ public static boolean isFileNewer(final File file, final OffsetDateTime offsetDa
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the current time.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or local date is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see ZoneId#systemDefault()
      * @see LocalTime#now()
      * @since 2.8.0
@@ -1875,7 +1875,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * @param localTime       the time reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the
      * given {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the specified time.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or local time is {@code null}.
      * @see ZoneId#systemDefault()
      * @since 2.8.0
@@ -1890,13 +1890,13 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * Tests if the specified {@link File} is older than the specified {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the specified
      * {@link OffsetTime}.
      *
-     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared
-     * @param chronoLocalDate the date reference
-     * @param offsetTime the time reference
+     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared.
+     * @param chronoLocalDate the date reference.
+     * @param offsetTime the time reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified after the given {@link ChronoLocalDate} at the given
      *         {@link OffsetTime}.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or zone ID is {@code null}
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date or zone ID is {@code null}.
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoLocalDate, final OffsetTime offsetTime) {
@@ -1921,7 +1921,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDate chronoL
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDateTime} at the system-default time zone.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or local date time is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see ZoneId#systemDefault()
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
@@ -1939,7 +1939,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDateTime<?>
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given
      * {@link ChronoLocalDateTime} at the given {@link ZoneId}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file, local date time or zone ID is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDateTime<?> chronoLocalDateTime, final ZoneId zoneId) {
@@ -1956,7 +1956,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoLocalDateTime<?>
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given
      * {@link ChronoZonedDateTime}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or zoned date time is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoZonedDateTime<?> chronoZonedDateTime) {
@@ -1971,7 +1971,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final ChronoZonedDateTime<?>
      * @param date the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given {@link Date}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or date is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final Date date) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(date, "date");
@@ -1986,7 +1986,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final Date date) {
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the reference {@link File}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or reference file is {@code null}.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException if the reference file doesn't exist.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final File reference) throws FileNotFoundException {
         return Uncheck.getAsBoolean(() -> PathUtils.isOlder(file.toPath(), reference.toPath()));
@@ -2029,7 +2029,7 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final Instant instant) {
      *                   epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970).
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given time reference.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file is {@code null}.
-     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final long timeMillis) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(file, PROTOCOL_FILE);
@@ -2039,8 +2039,8 @@ public static boolean isFileOlder(final File file, final long timeMillis) {
     /**
      * Tests if the specified {@link File} is older than the specified {@link OffsetDateTime}.
      *
-     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared
-     * @param offsetDateTime the date reference
+     * @param file the {@link File} of which the modification date must be compared.
+     * @param offsetDateTime the date reference.
      * @return true if the {@link File} exists and has been modified before the given {@link OffsetDateTime}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file or zoned date time is {@code null}
      * @since 2.12.0
@@ -2065,7 +2065,7 @@ private static boolean isFileProtocol(final URL url) {
      * null-safe delegate to {@link Files#isRegularFile(Path path, LinkOption... options)}.
      *
      * @param   file the path to the file.
-     * @param   options options indicating how symbolic links are handled
+     * @param   options options indicating how symbolic links are handled.
      * @return  {@code true} if the file is a regular file; {@code false} if
      *          the path is null, the file does not exist, is not a regular file, or it cannot
      *          be determined if the file is a regular file or not.
@@ -2693,9 +2693,9 @@ public static FileInputStream openInputStream(final File file) throws IOExceptio
      * </p>
      *
      * @param file the file to open for output, must not be {@code null}.
-     * @return a new {@link FileOutputStream} for the specified file
+     * @return a new {@link FileOutputStream} for the specified file.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the file object is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file object is a directory
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file object is a directory.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file is not writable.
      * @throws IOException if the directories could not be created.
      * @since 1.3
@@ -3271,11 +3271,11 @@ public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data, final Charset
     /**
      * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
@@ -3285,13 +3285,13 @@ public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data, final String
     /**
      * Writes a CharSequence to a file creating the file if it does not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
      * @param append   if {@code true}, then the data will be added to the
-     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException                 in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException                 in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data, final String charsetName, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3304,9 +3304,9 @@ public static void write(final File file, final CharSequence data, final String
      * Writes a byte array to a file creating the file if it does not exist.
      * The parent directories of the file will be created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file the file to write to
-     * @param data the content to write to the file
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     * @param file the file to write to.
+     * @param data the content to write to the file.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data) throws IOException {
@@ -3316,11 +3316,11 @@ public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data) thro
     /**
      * Writes a byte array to a file creating the file if it does not exist.
      *
-     * @param file   the file to write to
-     * @param data   the content to write to the file
+     * @param file   the file to write to.
+     * @param data   the content to write to the file.
      * @param append if {@code true}, then bytes will be added to the
-     *               end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     *               end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3332,11 +3332,11 @@ public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, fina
      * at offset {@code off} to a file, creating the file if it does
      * not exist.
      *
-     * @param file the file to write to
-     * @param data the content to write to the file
-     * @param off  the start offset in the data
-     * @param len  the number of bytes to write
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     * @param file the file to write to.
+     * @param data the content to write to the file.
+     * @param off  the start offset in the data.
+     * @param len  the number of bytes to write.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, final int off, final int len) throws IOException {
@@ -3348,13 +3348,13 @@ public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, fina
      * at offset {@code off} to a file, creating the file if it does
      * not exist.
      *
-     * @param file   the file to write to
-     * @param data   the content to write to the file
-     * @param off    the start offset in the data
-     * @param len    the number of bytes to write
+     * @param file   the file to write to.
+     * @param data   the content to write to the file.
+     * @param off    the start offset in the data.
+     * @param len    the number of bytes to write.
      * @param append if {@code true}, then bytes will be added to the
-     *               end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     *               end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, final int off, final int len, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3368,9 +3368,9 @@ public static void writeByteArrayToFile(final File file, final byte[] data, fina
      * the specified {@link File} line by line.
      * The default VM encoding and the default line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to write to
-     * @param lines the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     * @param file  the file to write to.
+     * @param lines the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines) throws IOException {
@@ -3382,11 +3382,11 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines) throws
      * the specified {@link File} line by line.
      * The default VM encoding and the default line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file   the file to write to
-     * @param lines  the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
+     * @param file   the file to write to.
+     * @param lines  the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
      * @param append if {@code true}, then the lines will be added to the
-     *               end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     *               end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3398,10 +3398,10 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final
      * the specified {@link File} line by line.
      * The default VM encoding and the specified line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file       the file to write to
-     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     * @param file       the file to write to.
+     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final String lineEnding) throws IOException {
@@ -3413,12 +3413,12 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final
      * the specified {@link File} line by line.
      * The default VM encoding and the specified line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file       the file to write to
-     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default
+     * @param file       the file to write to.
+     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default.
      * @param append     if {@code true}, then the lines will be added to the
-     *                   end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     *                   end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final String lineEnding, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3431,11 +3431,11 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final Collection<?> lines, final
      * The specified character encoding and the default line ending will be used.
      * The parent directories of the file will be created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write to
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @param lines    the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     * @param file     the file to write to.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @param lines    the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final Collection<?> lines) throws IOException {
@@ -3447,13 +3447,13 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final C
      * the specified {@link File} line by line, optionally appending.
      * The specified character encoding and the default line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write to
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @param lines    the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
+     * @param file     the file to write to.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @param lines    the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
      * @param append   if {@code true}, then the lines will be added to the
-     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final Collection<?> lines, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3466,12 +3466,12 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final C
      * The specified character encoding and the line ending will be used.
      * The parent directories of the file will be created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file       the file to write to
-     * @param charsetName   the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     * @param file       the file to write to.
+     * @param charsetName   the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final Collection<?> lines, final String lineEnding) throws IOException {
@@ -3483,14 +3483,14 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final C
      * the specified {@link File} line by line.
      * The specified character encoding and the line ending will be used.
      *
-     * @param file       the file to write to
-     * @param charsetName   the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines
-     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default
+     * @param file       the file to write to.
+     * @param charsetName   the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @param lines      the lines to write, {@code null} entries produce blank lines.
+     * @param lineEnding the line separator to use, {@code null} is system default.
      * @param append     if {@code true}, then the lines will be added to the
-     *                   end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     *                   end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final Collection<?> lines, final String lineEnding, final boolean append)
@@ -3503,10 +3503,10 @@ public static void writeLines(final File file, final String charsetName, final C
     /**
      * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
-     * @param file the file to write
-     * @param data the content to write to the file
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeStringToFile(File, String, Charset)} instead (and specify the appropriate encoding)
+     * @param file the file to write.
+     * @param data the content to write to the file.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeStringToFile(File, String, Charset)} instead (and specify the appropriate encoding).
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data) throws IOException {
@@ -3516,12 +3516,12 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data) throws
     /**
      * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
-     * @param file   the file to write
-     * @param data   the content to write to the file
-     * @param append if {@code true}, then the String will be added to the end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     * @param file   the file to write.
+     * @param data   the content to write to the file.
+     * @param append if {@code true}, then the String will be added to the end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeStringToFile(File, String, Charset, boolean)} instead (and specify the appropriate encoding)
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeStringToFile(File, String, Charset, boolean)} instead (and specify the appropriate encoding).
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3532,11 +3532,11 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final b
      * Writes a String to a file creating the file if it does not exist.
      * The parent directories of the file will be created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charset the charset to use, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charset the charset to use, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.4
      */
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final Charset charset) throws IOException {
@@ -3547,12 +3547,12 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final C
      * Writes a String to a file, creating the file if it does not exist.
      * The parent directories of the file are created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charset the charset to use, {@code null} means platform default
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charset the charset to use, {@code null} means platform default.
      * @param append   if {@code true}, then the String will be added to the
-     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
+     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
      * @since 2.3
      */
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final Charset charset, final boolean append) throws IOException {
@@ -3565,11 +3565,11 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final C
      * Writes a String to a file, creating the file if it does not exist.
      * The parent directories of the file are created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
-     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
+     * @throws IOException                          in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      */
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
         writeStringToFile(file, data, charsetName, false);
@@ -3579,13 +3579,13 @@ public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final S
      * Writes a String to a file, creating the file if it does not exist.
      * The parent directories of the file are created if they do not exist.
      *
-     * @param file     the file to write
-     * @param data     the content to write to the file
-     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default
+     * @param file     the file to write.
+     * @param data     the content to write to the file.
+     * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, {@code null} means platform default.
      * @param append   if {@code true}, then the String will be added to the
-     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting
-     * @throws IOException                 in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported by the VM
+     *                 end of the file rather than overwriting.
+     * @throws IOException                 in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported by the VM.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public static void writeStringToFile(final File file, final String data, final String charsetName, final boolean append) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
index ec836e29421..fe49a1a8a6c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
@@ -231,10 +231,10 @@ public class FilenameUtils {
      * use {@link #getFullPath(String)} on the base path argument.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param basePath  the base path to attach to, always treated as a path
-     * @param fullFileNameToAdd  the file name (or path) to attach to the base
-     * @return the concatenated path, or null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param basePath  the base path to attach to, always treated as a path.
+     * @param fullFileNameToAdd  the file name (or path) to attach to the base.
+     * @return the concatenated path, or null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String concat(final String basePath, final String fullFileNameToAdd) {
         final int prefix = getPrefixLength(fullFileNameToAdd);
@@ -297,10 +297,10 @@ public static boolean directoryContains(final String canonicalParent, final Stri
     /**
      * Does the work of getting the path.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name
-     * @param includeSeparator  true to include the end separator
-     * @return the path
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name.
+     * @param includeSeparator  true to include the end separator.
+     * @return the path.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean includeSeparator) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -330,10 +330,10 @@ private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean include
     /**
      * Does the work of getting the path.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name
-     * @param separatorAdd  0 to omit the end separator, 1 to return it
-     * @return the path
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name.
+     * @param separatorAdd  0 to omit the end separator, 1 to return it.
+     * @return the path.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     private static String doGetPath(final String fileName, final int separatorAdd) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -354,11 +354,11 @@ private static String doGetPath(final String fileName, final int separatorAdd) {
     /**
      * Internal method to perform the normalization.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name
-     * @param separator The separator character to use
-     * @param keepSeparator  true to keep the final separator
-     * @return the normalized fileName
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name.
+     * @param separator The separator character to use.
+     * @param keepSeparator  true to keep the final separator.
+     * @return the normalized fileName.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, final boolean keepSeparator) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -465,9 +465,9 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
      * This is merely a null-safe case-sensitive string equality.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null
-     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null
-     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null
+     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null.
+     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null.
+     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null.
      * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
      */
     public static boolean equals(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
@@ -478,11 +478,11 @@ public static boolean equals(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
      * Checks whether two file names are equal, optionally normalizing and providing
      * control over the case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null
-     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null
-     * @param normalize  whether to normalize the file names
-     * @param ioCase  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive
-     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null
+     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null.
+     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null.
+     * @param normalize  whether to normalize the file names.
+     * @param ioCase  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static boolean equals(String fileName1, String fileName2, final boolean normalize, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -510,9 +510,9 @@ public static boolean equals(String fileName1, String fileName2, final boolean n
      * The check is then performed in a case-sensitive manner.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null
-     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null
-     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null
+     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null.
+     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null.
+     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null.
      * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
      */
     public static boolean equalsNormalized(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
@@ -528,9 +528,9 @@ public static boolean equalsNormalized(final String fileName1, final String file
      * case-insensitively on Windows.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null
-     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null
-     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null
+     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null.
+     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null.
+     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null.
      * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
      */
     public static boolean equalsNormalizedOnSystem(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
@@ -544,9 +544,9 @@ public static boolean equalsNormalizedOnSystem(final String fileName1, final Str
      * The check is case-sensitive on Unix and case-insensitive on Windows.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null
-     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null
-     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null
+     * @param fileName1  the first file name, may be null.
+     * @param fileName2  the second file name, may be null.
+     * @return true if the file names are equal, null equals null.
      * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
      */
     public static boolean equalsOnSystem(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ static char flipSeparator(final char ch) {
     /**
      * Special handling for NTFS ADS: Don't accept colon in the file name.
      *
-     * @param fileName a file name
+     * @param fileName a file name.
      * @return ADS offsets.
      */
     private static int getAdsCriticalOffset(final String fileName) {
@@ -609,9 +609,9 @@ private static int getAdsCriticalOffset(final String fileName) {
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getBaseName(final String fileName) {
         return removeExtension(getName(fileName));
@@ -682,9 +682,9 @@ public static String getExtension(final String fileName) throws IllegalArgumentE
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getFullPath(final String fileName) {
         return doGetFullPath(fileName, true);
@@ -715,9 +715,9 @@ public static String getFullPath(final String fileName) {
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getFullPathNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
         return doGetFullPath(fileName, false);
@@ -740,9 +740,9 @@ public static String getFullPathNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the name of the file without the path, or an empty string if none exists.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getName(final String fileName) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -773,9 +773,9 @@ public static String getName(final String fileName) {
      * See {@link #getFullPath(String)} for the method that retains the prefix.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getPath(final String fileName) {
         return doGetPath(fileName, 1);
@@ -804,9 +804,9 @@ public static String getPath(final String fileName) {
      * See {@link #getFullPathNoEndSeparator(String)} for the method that retains the prefix.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the path of the file, an empty string if none exists, null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getPathNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
         return doGetPath(fileName, 0);
@@ -839,9 +839,9 @@ public static String getPathNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
      * ie. both Unix and Windows prefixes are matched regardless.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the prefix of the file, null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the prefix of the file, null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String getPrefix(final String fileName) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -898,8 +898,8 @@ public static String getPrefix(final String fileName) {
      * to a single slash at the start of the file name.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to find the prefix in, null returns -1
-     * @return the length of the prefix, -1 if invalid or null
+     * @param fileName  the file name to find the prefix in, null returns -1.
+     * @return the length of the prefix, -1 if invalid or null.
      */
     public static int getPrefixLength(final String fileName) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -979,8 +979,8 @@ public static int getPrefixLength(final String fileName) {
      * an {@link IllegalArgumentException} for names like this.
      *
      * @param fileName
-     *            the file name to find the last extension separator in, null returns -1
-     * @return the index of the last extension separator character, or -1 if there is no such character
+     *            the file name to find the last extension separator in, null returns -1.
+     * @return the index of the last extension separator character, or -1 if there is no such character.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException <strong>Windows only:</strong> the file name parameter is, in fact,
      * the identifier of an Alternate Data Stream, for example "foo.exe:bar.txt".
      */
@@ -1008,9 +1008,9 @@ public static int indexOfExtension(final String fileName) throws IllegalArgument
      * <p>
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to find the last path separator in, null returns -1
+     * @param fileName  the file name to find the last path separator in, null returns -1.
      * @return the index of the last separator character, or -1 if there
-     * is no such character
+     * is no such character.
      */
     public static int indexOfLastSeparator(final String fileName) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -1032,10 +1032,10 @@ private static boolean isEmpty(final String string) {
      * after the last period. There must be no directory separator after the period.
      * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false
-     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension
-     * @return true if the file name is one of the extensions
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false.
+     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension.
+     * @return true if the file name is one of the extensions.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final Collection<String> extensions) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -1056,10 +1056,10 @@ public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final Collection<String
      * after the last period. There must be no directory separator after the period.
      * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false
-     * @param extension  the extension to check for, null or empty checks for no extension
-     * @return true if the file name has the specified extension
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false.
+     * @param extension  the extension to check for, null or empty checks for no extension.
+     * @return true if the file name has the specified extension.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final String extension) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -1080,10 +1080,10 @@ public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final String extension)
      * after the last period. There must be no directory separator after the period.
      * The extension check is case-sensitive on all platforms.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false
-     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension
-     * @return true if the file name is one of the extensions
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns false.
+     * @param extensions  the extensions to check for, null checks for no extension.
+     * @return true if the file name is one of the extensions.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final String... extensions) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -1101,8 +1101,8 @@ public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final String... extensi
     /**
      * Checks whether a given string represents a valid IPv4 address.
      *
-     * @param name the name to validate
-     * @return true if the given name is a valid IPv4 address
+     * @param name the name to validate.
+     * @return true if the given name is a valid IPv4 address.
      */
     // mostly copied from org.apache.commons.validator.routines.InetAddressValidator#isValidInet4Address
     private static boolean isIPv4Address(final String name) {
@@ -1132,8 +1132,8 @@ private static boolean isIPv4Address(final String name) {
     /**
      * Checks whether a given string represents a valid IPv6 address.
      *
-     * @param inet6Address the name to validate
-     * @return true if the given name is a valid IPv6 address
+     * @param inet6Address the name to validate.
+     * @return true if the given name is a valid IPv6 address.
      */
     private static boolean isIPv6Address(final String inet6Address) {
         final boolean containsCompressedZeroes = inet6Address.contains("::");
@@ -1200,8 +1200,8 @@ private static boolean isIPv6Address(final String inet6Address) {
      * RFC 3986 - not accepting IP addresses.
      *
      * @see "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
-     * @param name the hostname to validate
-     * @return true if the given name is a valid host name
+     * @param name the hostname to validate.
+     * @return true if the given name is a valid host name.
      */
     private static boolean isRFC3986HostName(final String name) {
         final String[] parts = name.split("\\.", -1);
@@ -1220,8 +1220,8 @@ private static boolean isRFC3986HostName(final String name) {
     /**
      * Checks if the character is a separator.
      *
-     * @param ch  the character to check
-     * @return true if it is a separator character
+     * @param ch  the character to check.
+     * @return true if it is a separator character.
      */
     private static boolean isSeparator(final char ch) {
         return ch == UNIX_NAME_SEPARATOR || ch == WINDOWS_NAME_SEPARATOR;
@@ -1230,7 +1230,7 @@ private static boolean isSeparator(final char ch) {
     /**
      * Determines if Windows file system is in use.
      *
-     * @return true if the system is Windows
+     * @return true if the system is Windows.
      */
     static boolean isSystemWindows() {
         return SYSTEM_NAME_SEPARATOR == WINDOWS_NAME_SEPARATOR;
@@ -1245,8 +1245,8 @@ static boolean isSystemWindows() {
      * valid names in UNC paths.</p>
      *
      * @see "https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3986#section-3.2.2"
-     * @param name the hostname to validate
-     * @return true if the given name is a valid host name
+     * @param name the hostname to validate.
+     * @return true if the given name is a valid host name.
      */
     private static boolean isValidHostName(final String name) {
         return isIPv6Address(name) || isRFC3986HostName(name);
@@ -1288,9 +1288,9 @@ private static boolean isValidHostName(final String name) {
      * </pre>
      * (Note the file separator will be correct for Windows/Unix.)
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null
-     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null.
+     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String normalize(final String fileName) {
         return doNormalize(fileName, SYSTEM_NAME_SEPARATOR, true);
@@ -1334,11 +1334,11 @@ public static String normalize(final String fileName) {
      * The output will be the same on both Unix and Windows including
      * the separator character.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null
+     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null.
      * @param unixSeparator {@code true} if a Unix separator should
      * be used or {@code false} if a Windows separator should be used.
-     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static String normalize(final String fileName, final boolean unixSeparator) {
@@ -1383,9 +1383,9 @@ public static String normalize(final String fileName, final boolean unixSeparato
      * </pre>
      * (Note the file separator returned will be correct for Windows/Unix)
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null
-     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null.
+     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
         return doNormalize(fileName, SYSTEM_NAME_SEPARATOR, false);
@@ -1428,11 +1428,11 @@ public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String fileName) {
      * ~/../bar             --&gt;   null
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null
+     * @param fileName  the file name to normalize, null returns null.
      * @param unixSeparator {@code true} if a Unix separator should
      * be used or {@code false} if a Windows separator should be used.
-     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @return the normalized fileName, or null if invalid.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String fileName, final boolean unixSeparator) {
@@ -1455,9 +1455,9 @@ public static String normalizeNoEndSeparator(final String fileName, final boolea
      * <p>
      * The output will be the same irrespective of the machine that the code is running on.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null
-     * @return the file name minus the extension
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param fileName  the file name, null returns null.
+     * @return the file name minus the extension.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the file name contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     public static String removeExtension(final String fileName) {
         if (fileName == null) {
@@ -1477,9 +1477,9 @@ public static String removeExtension(final String fileName) {
      *
      * This may be used to defend against poison byte attacks.
      *
-     * @param path the path to check
-     * @return The input
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if path contains the null character ({@code U+0000})
+     * @param path the path to check.
+     * @return The input.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
     private static String requireNonNullChars(final String path) {
         if (path.indexOf(0) >= 0) {
@@ -1524,8 +1524,8 @@ public static String separatorsToWindows(final String path) {
      * The text is split by '?' and '*'.
      * Where multiple '*' occur consecutively they are collapsed into a single '*'.
      *
-     * @param text  the text to split
-     * @return the array of tokens, never null
+     * @param text  the text to split.
+     * @return the array of tokens, never null.
      */
     static String[] splitOnTokens(final String text) {
         // used by wildcardMatch
@@ -1589,9 +1589,9 @@ private static char toSeparator(final boolean unixSeparator) {
      * </pre>
      * The sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to match on
-     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
-     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string
+     * @param fileName  the file name to match on.
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against.
+     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string.
      * @see IOCase#SENSITIVE
      */
     public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcardMatcher) {
@@ -1606,10 +1606,10 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
      * single or multiple (zero or more) wildcard characters.
      * The sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to match on
-     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
-     * @param ioCase  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive
-     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string
+     * @param fileName  the file name to match on.
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against.
+     * @param ioCase  what case sensitivity rule to use, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcardMatcher, IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -1707,9 +1707,9 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
      * </pre>
      * The sequence "*?" does not work properly at present in match strings.
      *
-     * @param fileName  the file name to match on
-     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against
-     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string
+     * @param fileName  the file name to match on.
+     * @param wildcardMatcher  the wildcard string to match against.
+     * @return true if the file name matches the wildcard string.
      * @see IOCase#SYSTEM
      */
     public static boolean wildcardMatchOnSystem(final String fileName, final String wildcardMatcher) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
index 41c026b2fb1..38f52fdd325 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/HexDump.java
@@ -62,11 +62,11 @@ public class HexDump {
      * characters (if any) that those bytes represent printed per each line
      * of output.
      *
-     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped
-     * @param appendable  the Appendable to which the data is to be written
+     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped.
+     * @param appendable  the Appendable to which the data is to be written.
      * @throws IOException is thrown if anything goes wrong writing
-     *         the data to appendable
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the output appendable is null
+     *         the data to appendable.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the output appendable is null.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static void dump(final byte[] data, final Appendable appendable)
@@ -89,16 +89,16 @@ public static void dump(final byte[] data, final Appendable appendable)
      * the first byte on that line is located.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped
-     * @param offset  offset of the byte array within a larger entity
-     * @param appendable  the Appendable to which the data is to be written
-     * @param index initial index into the byte array
-     * @param length number of bytes to dump from the array
+     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped.
+     * @param offset  offset of the byte array within a larger entity.
+     * @param appendable  the Appendable to which the data is to be written.
+     * @param index initial index into the byte array.
+     * @param length number of bytes to dump from the array.
      * @throws IOException is thrown if anything goes wrong writing
-     *         the data to appendable
+     *         the data to appendable.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index or length is
-     *         outside the data array's bounds
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the output appendable is null
+     *         outside the data array's bounds.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the output appendable is null.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
@@ -172,16 +172,16 @@ public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
      * This method uses the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped
-     * @param offset  offset of the byte array within a larger entity
+     * @param data  the byte array to be dumped.
+     * @param offset  offset of the byte array within a larger entity.
      * @param stream  the OutputStream to which the data is to be
-     *               written
-     * @param index initial index into the byte array
+     *               written.
+     * @param index initial index into the byte array.
      * @throws IOException is thrown if anything goes wrong writing
-     *         the data to stream
+     *         the data to stream.
      * @throws ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException if the index is
-     *         outside the data array's bounds
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the output stream is null
+     *         outside the data array's bounds.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the output stream is null.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // Caller closes stream
     public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
@@ -197,8 +197,8 @@ public static void dump(final byte[] data, final long offset,
     /**
      * Dumps a byte value into a StringBuilder.
      *
-     * @param builder the StringBuilder to dump the value in
-     * @param value  the byte value to be dumped
+     * @param builder the StringBuilder to dump the value in.
+     * @param value  the byte value to be dumped.
      * @return StringBuilder containing the dumped value.
      */
     private static StringBuilder dump(final StringBuilder builder, final byte value) {
@@ -211,8 +211,8 @@ private static StringBuilder dump(final StringBuilder builder, final byte value)
     /**
      * Dumps a long value into a StringBuilder.
      *
-     * @param builder the StringBuilder to dump the value in
-     * @param value  the long value to be dumped
+     * @param builder the StringBuilder to dump the value in.
+     * @param value  the long value to be dumped.
      * @return StringBuilder containing the dumped value.
      */
     private static StringBuilder dump(final StringBuilder builder, final long value) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java
index 7fee424f489..8afcdeafaf7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOCase.java
@@ -72,9 +72,9 @@ public enum IOCase {
     /**
      * Looks up an IOCase by name.
      *
-     * @param name  the name to find
-     * @return the IOCase object
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is invalid
+     * @param name  the name to find.
+     * @return the IOCase object.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is invalid.
      */
     public static IOCase forName(final String name) {
         return Stream.of(values()).filter(ioCase -> ioCase.getName().equals(name)).findFirst()
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ public boolean checkStartsWith(final String str, final String start) {
     /**
      * Gets the name of the constant.
      *
-     * @return the name of the constant
+     * @return the name of the constant.
      */
     public String getName() {
         return name;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionList.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionList.java
index 740bedb6789..256cebd1360 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionList.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionList.java
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public <T extends Throwable> List<T> getCauseList() {
      * Works around Throwable and Generics, may fail at runtime depending on the argument value.
      *
      * @param <T> type of exception to return.
-     * @param clazz the target type
+     * @param clazz the target type.
      * @return The list of causes.
      */
     public <T extends Throwable> List<T> getCauseList(final Class<T> clazz) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java
index af25e8b0a40..8cb451658f7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOExceptionWithCause.java
@@ -23,7 +23,7 @@
  * Subclasses IOException with the {@link Throwable} constructors missing before Java 6.
  *
  * @since 1.4
- * @deprecated (since 2.5) use {@link IOException} instead
+ * @deprecated (since 2.5) use {@link IOException} instead.
  */
 @Deprecated
 public class IOExceptionWithCause extends IOException {
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public class IOExceptionWithCause extends IOException {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param message
-     *            the message (see {@link #getMessage()})
+     *            the message (see {@link #getMessage()}).
      * @param cause
      *            the cause (see {@link #getCause()}). A {@code null} value is allowed.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IORandomAccessFile.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IORandomAccessFile.java
index 9b4aea52dec..22d232e562d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IORandomAccessFile.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IORandomAccessFile.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public final class IORandomAccessFile extends RandomAccessFile {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance by calling {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      *
-     * @param file the file object
+     * @param file the file object.
      * @param mode the access mode, as described in {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException Thrown by {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      * @see RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(File, String)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public IORandomAccessFile(final File file, final String mode) throws FileNotFoun
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance by calling {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(String, String)}.
      *
-     * @param name the file object
+     * @param name the file object.
      * @param mode the access mode, as described in {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(String, String)}.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException Thrown by {@link RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(String, String)}.
      * @see RandomAccessFile#RandomAccessFile(String, String)
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index ee2f5510fb1..df7af6a8803 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -391,7 +391,7 @@ public static BufferedInputStream buffer(final InputStream inputStream, final in
      * BufferedOutputStream from the given OutputStream.
      *
      * @param outputStream the OutputStream to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @return the given OutputStream or a new {@link BufferedOutputStream} for the given OutputStream
+     * @return the given OutputStream or a new {@link BufferedOutputStream} for the given OutputStream.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.5
      */
@@ -1462,8 +1462,8 @@ public static void copy(final InputStream input, final Writer writer, final Char
      * This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read
-     * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to
+     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param inputCharsetName the name of the requested charset for the InputStream, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException                         if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1573,7 +1573,7 @@ public static long copy(final Reader reader, final Appendable output, final Char
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(Reader, OutputStream, Charset)} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #copy(Reader, OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void copy(final Reader reader, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
@@ -1742,7 +1742,7 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream o
      *
      * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write.
-     * @param buffer the buffer to use for the copy
+     * @param buffer the buffer to use for the copy.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
@@ -2412,7 +2412,7 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final CharSequence csq) throws UncheckedIOE
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
      * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #readLines(InputStream, Charset)} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #readLines(InputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static List<String> readLines(final InputStream input) throws UncheckedIOException {
@@ -3190,7 +3190,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final URLConnection urlConnection) throws IOExc
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #toCharArray(InputStream, Charset)} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #toCharArray(InputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
@@ -3620,7 +3620,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output)
      * </p>
      *
      * @param data the byte array to write, do not modify during output,
-     * null ignored
+     * null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3640,7 +3640,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
      * </p>
      *
      * @param data the byte array to write, do not modify during output,
-     * null ignored
+     * null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
@@ -3838,7 +3838,7 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final Writer writer) throws IO
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #write(String, OutputStream, Charset)} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #write(String, OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output)
@@ -3920,7 +3920,7 @@ public static void write(final String data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
      * @param data the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
-     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(CharSequence, OutputStream)}.
      */
@@ -4035,7 +4035,7 @@ public static void writeChunked(final char[] data, final Writer writer) throws I
      * @throws NullPointerException if the output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeLines(Collection, String, OutputStream, Charset)} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #writeLines(Collection, String, OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void writeLines(final Collection<?> lines, final String lineEnding, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index 2e1bf0169ab..a96af0f224b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final LineIterator iterator) {
     /**
      * Constructs an iterator of the lines for a {@link Reader}.
      *
-     * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read from, not null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the reader is null
+     * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read from, not null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the reader is null.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // Caller closes Reader
     public LineIterator(final Reader reader) {
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * If there is an {@link IOException} then {@link #close()} will
      * be called on this instance.
      *
-     * @return {@code true} if the Reader has more lines
-     * @throws IllegalStateException if an IO exception occurs
+     * @return {@code true} if the Reader has more lines.
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if an IO exception occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean hasNext() {
@@ -142,8 +142,8 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
     /**
      * Overridable method to validate each line that is returned.
      * This implementation always returns true.
-     * @param line  the line that is to be validated
-     * @return true if valid, false to remove from the iterator
+     * @param line  the line that is to be validated.
+     * @return true if valid, false to remove from the iterator.
      */
     protected boolean isValidLine(final String line) {
         return true;
@@ -152,8 +152,8 @@ protected boolean isValidLine(final String line) {
     /**
      * Returns the next line in the wrapped {@link Reader}.
      *
-     * @return the next line from the input
-     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return
+     * @return the next line from the input.
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return.
      */
     @Override
     public String next() {
@@ -163,8 +163,8 @@ public String next() {
     /**
      * Returns the next line in the wrapped {@link Reader}.
      *
-     * @return the next line from the input
-     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return
+     * @return the next line from the input.
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if there is no line to return.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #next()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ public String nextLine() {
     /**
      * Unsupported.
      *
-     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always.
      */
     @Override
     public void remove() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/RandomAccessFileMode.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/RandomAccessFileMode.java
index 88f499d120b..ea44bfa6cba 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/RandomAccessFileMode.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/RandomAccessFileMode.java
@@ -195,8 +195,8 @@ public <T> T apply(final Path file, final IOFunction<RandomAccessFile, T> functi
      * Prefer {@link #create(Path)} over this.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file the file object
-     * @return a random access file
+     * @param file the file object.
+     * @return a random access file.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException See {@link IORandomAccessFile#IORandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      */
     public RandomAccessFile create(final File file) throws FileNotFoundException {
@@ -206,8 +206,8 @@ public RandomAccessFile create(final File file) throws FileNotFoundException {
     /**
      * Constructs a random access file to read from, and optionally to write to, the file specified by the {@link File} argument.
      *
-     * @param file the file object
-     * @return a random access file
+     * @param file the file object.
+     * @return a random access file.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException See {@link IORandomAccessFile#IORandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      */
     public RandomAccessFile create(final Path file) throws FileNotFoundException {
@@ -220,8 +220,8 @@ public RandomAccessFile create(final Path file) throws FileNotFoundException {
      * Prefer {@link #create(Path)} over this.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param name the file object
-     * @return a random access file
+     * @param name the file object.
+     * @return a random access file.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException See {@link IORandomAccessFile#IORandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      */
     public RandomAccessFile create(final String name) throws FileNotFoundException {
@@ -282,8 +282,8 @@ public boolean implies(final RandomAccessFileMode other) {
     /**
      * Constructs a random access file to read from, and optionally to write to, the file specified by the {@link File} argument.
      *
-     * @param name the file object
-     * @return a random access file
+     * @param name the file object.
+     * @return a random access file.
      * @throws FileNotFoundException See {@link IORandomAccessFile#IORandomAccessFile(File, String)}.
      * @since 2.18.0
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java
index 5eb0b5df596..d997ecc0433 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/TaggedIOException.java
@@ -57,8 +57,8 @@ public class TaggedIOException extends IOExceptionWithCause {
      * }
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param throwable The Throwable object to check
-     * @param tag tag object
+     * @param throwable The Throwable object to check.
+     * @param tag tag object.
      * @return {@code true} if the throwable has the specified tag,
      * otherwise {@code false}
      */
@@ -86,9 +86,9 @@ public static boolean isTaggedWith(final Throwable throwable, final Object tag)
      * }
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param throwable an exception
-     * @param tag tag object
-     * @throws IOException original exception from the tagged decorator, if any
+     * @param throwable an exception.
+     * @param tag tag object.
+     * @throws IOException original exception from the tagged decorator, if any.
      */
     public static void throwCauseIfTaggedWith(final Throwable throwable, final Object tag)
             throws IOException {
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ public static void throwCauseIfTaggedWith(final Throwable throwable, final Objec
     /**
      * Constructs a tagged wrapper for the given exception.
      *
-     * @param original the exception to be tagged
-     * @param tag tag of this exception
+     * @param original the exception to be tagged.
+     * @param tag tag of this exception.
      */
     public TaggedIOException(final IOException original, final Serializable tag) {
         super(original.getMessage(), original);
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public TaggedIOException(final IOException original, final Serializable tag) {
      * Returns the wrapped exception. The only difference to the overridden
      * {@link Throwable#getCause()} method is the narrower return type.
      *
-     * @return wrapped exception
+     * @return wrapped exception.
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized IOException getCause() {
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ public synchronized IOException getCause() {
     /**
      * Returns the serializable tag object.
      *
-     * @return tag object
+     * @return tag object.
      */
     public Serializable getTag() {
         return tag;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
index 4c2c37a2d3b..37e7bfabe71 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ static Thread start(final Duration timeout) {
     /**
      * Starts monitoring the specified thread.
      *
-     * @param thread The thread to monitor
+     * @param thread The thread to monitor.
      * @param timeout The timeout amount. or no timeout if the value is zero or less.
      * @return The monitor thread or {@code null} if the timeout amount is not greater than zero.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
index d8edc15ea46..341c442a657 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractOrigin.java
@@ -1102,7 +1102,7 @@ public byte[] getByteArray() throws IOException {
      * @param length   How many bytes to copy.
      * @return this origin as a byte array, if possible.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a Path.
-     * @throws ArithmeticException           if the {@code position} overflows an int
+     * @throws ArithmeticException           if the {@code position} overflows an int.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.13.0
      */
@@ -1176,7 +1176,7 @@ public File getFile() {
     /**
      * Gets this origin as an InputStream, if possible.
      *
-     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened
+     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened.
      * @return this origin as an InputStream, if possible.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a Path.
@@ -1188,7 +1188,7 @@ public InputStream getInputStream(final OpenOption... options) throws IOExceptio
     /**
      * Gets this origin as an OutputStream, if possible.
      *
-     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened
+     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened.
      * @return this origin as an OutputStream, if possible.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a Path.
@@ -1243,8 +1243,8 @@ private String getSimpleClassName() {
     /**
      * Gets a new Writer on the origin, buffered by default.
      *
-     * @param charset the charset to use for encoding
-     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened
+     * @param charset the charset to use for encoding.
+     * @param options options specifying how the file is opened.
      * @return a new Writer on the origin.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs opening or creating the file.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a Path.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractStreamBuilder.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractStreamBuilder.java
index 541548c7295..50505d97716 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractStreamBuilder.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/AbstractStreamBuilder.java
@@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ public <C extends Channel> C getChannel(final Class<C> channelType) throws IOExc
     /**
      * Gets a CharSequence from the origin with a Charset.
      *
-     * @return An input stream
+     * @return An input stream.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a CharSequence.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public Charset getCharsetDefault() {
     /**
      * Gets a File from the origin.
      *
-     * @return A File
+     * @return A File.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a {@link File}.
      * @see AbstractOrigin#getPath()
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public File getFile() {
     /**
      * Gets an InputStream from the origin with OpenOption[].
      *
-     * @return An input stream
+     * @return An input stream.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to an {@link InputStream}.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ public OpenOption[] getOpenOptions() {
     /**
      * Gets an OutputStream from the origin with OpenOption[].
      *
-     * @return An OutputStream
+     * @return An OutputStream.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to an {@link OutputStream}.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ public OutputStream getOutputStream() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets a Path from the origin.
      *
-     * @return A Path
+     * @return A Path.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a {@link Path}.
      * @see AbstractOrigin#getPath()
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ public Path getPath() {
     /**
      * Gets a RandomAccessFile from the origin.
      *
-     * @return A RandomAccessFile
+     * @return A RandomAccessFile.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a {@link RandomAccessFile}.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -252,7 +252,7 @@ public RandomAccessFile getRandomAccessFile() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets a Reader from the origin with a Charset.
      *
-     * @return A Reader
+     * @return A Reader.
      * @throws IllegalStateException         if the {@code origin} is {@code null}.
      * @throws UnsupportedOperationException if the origin cannot be converted to a {@link Reader}.
      * @throws IOException                   if an I/O error occurs.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
index 2cd8009203f..83cf9dea193 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public class ByteArraySeekableByteChannel implements SeekableByteChannel {
      * automatically allocate a larger backing array and copy the existing contents.</p>
      *
      * @param bytes The byte array to wrap, must not be {@code null}
-     * @return A new channel that uses the given array as its initial backing store
+     * @return A new channel that uses the given array as its initial backing store.
      * @throws NullPointerException If {@code bytes} is {@code null}
      * @see #array()
      * @see ByteArrayInputStream#ByteArrayInputStream(byte[])
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
index 30a80e8ab6b..b529c281e11 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final SeekableByteChannel channel1, final Se
      *
      * @param channel The source channel.
      * @param dst     The buffer into which bytes are to be transferred.
-     * @return The number of bytes read, <em>never</em> zero, or {@code -1} if the channel has reached end-of-stream
+     * @return The number of bytes read, <em>never</em> zero, or {@code -1} if the channel has reached end-of-stream.
      * @throws IOException              If some other I/O error occurs.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException If there is room in the given buffer.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java
index 0934f895f7a..dcc2d20428e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/CompositeFileComparator.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public class CompositeFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements S
     /**
      * Constructs a composite comparator for the set of delegate comparators.
      *
-     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators
+     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators.
      */
     public CompositeFileComparator(@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") final Comparator<File>... delegates) {
         this.delegates = delegates == null ? emptyArray() : delegates.clone();
@@ -67,7 +67,7 @@ public CompositeFileComparator(@SuppressWarnings("unchecked") final Comparator<F
     /**
      * Constructs a composite comparator for the set of delegate comparators.
      *
-     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators
+     * @param delegates The delegate file comparators.
      */
     public CompositeFileComparator(final Iterable<Comparator<File>> delegates) {
         this.delegates = delegates == null ? emptyArray()
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ public CompositeFileComparator(final Iterable<Comparator<File>> delegates) {
     /**
      * Compares the two files using delegate comparators.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return the first non-zero result returned from the delegate comparators or zero.
      */
     @Override
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ private Comparator<File>[] emptyArray() {
     /**
      * String representation of this file comparator.
      *
-     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java
index c447f085198..db580a1a2e1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/DefaultFileComparator.java
@@ -69,8 +69,8 @@ public DefaultFileComparator() {
     /**
      * Compares the two files using the {@link File#compareTo(File)} method.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return the result of calling file1's
      * {@link File#compareTo(File)} with file2 as the parameter.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java
index 3b4e1e2e115..1d57ec8164f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/ExtensionFileComparator.java
@@ -93,7 +93,7 @@ public ExtensionFileComparator() {
     /**
      * Constructs a file extension comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param ioCase how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     * @param ioCase how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
      */
     public ExtensionFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
         this.ioCase = IOCase.value(ioCase, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ public ExtensionFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Compares the extensions of two files the specified case sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return a negative value if the first file's extension
      * is less than the second, zero if the extensions are the
      * same and a positive value if the first files extension
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
     /**
      * String representation of this file comparator.
      *
-     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java
index 41590fa6636..7e92a7fcb74 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/NameFileComparator.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public NameFileComparator() {
     /**
      * Constructs a file name comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
      */
     public NameFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
         this.ioCase = IOCase.value(ioCase, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -98,8 +98,8 @@ public NameFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Compares the names of two files with the specified case sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return a negative value if the first file's name
      * is less than the second, zero if the names are the
      * same and a positive value if the first files name
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
     /**
      * String representation of this file comparator.
      *
-     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
index 1f41eb74185..dc4fb296049 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ public PathFileComparator() {
     /**
      * Constructs a file path comparator instance with the specified case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
      */
     public PathFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
         this.ioCase = IOCase.value(ioCase, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -97,8 +97,8 @@ public PathFileComparator(final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Compares the paths of two files the specified case sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return a negative value if the first file's path
      * is less than the second, zero if the paths are the
      * same and a positive value if the first files path
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
     /**
      * String representation of this file comparator.
      *
-     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java
index 5154d9b3256..a5ff78c0e59 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/SizeFileComparator.java
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ public SizeFileComparator(final boolean sumDirectoryContents) {
     /**
      * Compares the length of two files.
      *
-     * @param file1 The first file to compare
-     * @param file2 The second file to compare
+     * @param file1 The first file to compare.
+     * @param file2 The second file to compare.
      * @return a negative value if the first file's length
      * is less than the second, zero if the lengths are the
      * same and a positive value if the first files length
@@ -141,7 +141,7 @@ public int compare(final File file1, final File file2) {
     /**
      * String representation of this file comparator.
      *
-     * @return String representation of this file comparator
+     * @return String representation of this file comparator.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
index 5465e4dd569..3be7a325315 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitor.java
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ public int hashCode() {
      * Relativizes each directory path with {@link Path#relativize(Path)} against the given {@code parent}, optionally
      * sorting the result.
      *
-     * @param parent A parent path
-     * @param sort Whether to sort
+     * @param parent A parent path.
+     * @param sort Whether to sort.
      * @param comparator How to sort, null uses default sorting.
-     * @return A new list
+     * @return A new list.
      */
     public List<Path> relativizeDirectories(final Path parent, final boolean sort,
         final Comparator<? super Path> comparator) {
@@ -264,10 +264,10 @@ public List<Path> relativizeDirectories(final Path parent, final boolean sort,
      * Relativizes each file path with {@link Path#relativize(Path)} against the given {@code parent}, optionally
      * sorting the result.
      *
-     * @param parent A parent path
-     * @param sort Whether to sort
+     * @param parent A parent path.
+     * @param sort Whether to sort.
      * @param comparator How to sort, null uses default sorting.
-     * @return A new list
+     * @return A new list.
      */
     public List<Path> relativizeFiles(final Path parent, final boolean sort,
         final Comparator<? super Path> comparator) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/CopyDirectoryVisitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/CopyDirectoryVisitor.java
index 7172b2d0671..45b761c971c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/CopyDirectoryVisitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/CopyDirectoryVisitor.java
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ private static CopyOption[] toCopyOption(final CopyOption... copyOptions) {
      * Constructs an instance that copies all files.
      *
      * @param pathCounter How to count visits.
-     * @param sourceDirectory The source directory
-     * @param targetDirectory The target directory
+     * @param sourceDirectory The source directory.
+     * @param targetDirectory The target directory.
      * @param copyOptions Specifies how the copying should be done.
      */
     public CopyDirectoryVisitor(final PathCounters pathCounter, final Path sourceDirectory, final Path targetDirectory, final CopyOption... copyOptions) {
@@ -65,8 +65,8 @@ public CopyDirectoryVisitor(final PathCounters pathCounter, final Path sourceDir
      * @param pathCounter How to count visits.
      * @param fileFilter How to filter file paths.
      * @param dirFilter How to filter directory paths.
-     * @param sourceDirectory The source directory
-     * @param targetDirectory The target directory
+     * @param sourceDirectory The source directory.
+     * @param targetDirectory The target directory.
      * @param copyOptions Specifies how the copying should be done.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/Counters.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/Counters.java
index b1abd721d9c..10e05dc48f7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/Counters.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/Counters.java
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ public static PathCounters noopPathCounters() {
     /**
      * Construct a new instance.
      *
-     * @deprecated Will be private in 4.0
+     * @deprecated Will be private in 3.0.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public Counters() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathFilter.java
index dbeef906261..ee54de29deb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathFilter.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public interface PathFilter {
      *
      * @param path The Path to test.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return a FileVisitResult
+     * @return a FileVisitResult.
      */
     FileVisitResult accept(Path path, BasicFileAttributes attributes);
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
index 6672df7ac71..c943f5f9e4d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
@@ -378,7 +378,7 @@ public static PathCounters copyDirectory(final Path sourceDirectory, final Path
      * @param sourceFile  The source URL.
      * @param targetFile  The target file.
      * @param copyOptions Specifies how the copying should be done.
-     * @return The target file
+     * @return The target file.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see Files#copy(InputStream, Path, CopyOption...)
      */
@@ -393,7 +393,7 @@ public static Path copyFile(final URL sourceFile, final Path targetFile, final C
      * @param sourceFile      The source file.
      * @param targetDirectory The target directory.
      * @param copyOptions     Specifies how the copying should be done.
-     * @return The target file
+     * @return The target file.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see Files#copy(Path, Path, CopyOption...)
      */
@@ -410,7 +410,7 @@ public static Path copyFileToDirectory(final Path sourceFile, final Path targetD
      * @param sourceFile      The source URL.
      * @param targetDirectory The target directory.
      * @param copyOptions     Specifies how the copying should be done.
-     * @return The target file
+     * @return The target file.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see Files#copy(InputStream, Path, CopyOption...)
      */
@@ -603,7 +603,7 @@ public static PathCounters deleteDirectory(final Path directory, final LinkOptio
      * @param file The file to delete.
      * @return A visitor with path counts set to 1 file, 0 directories, and the size of the deleted file.
      * @throws IOException         if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws NoSuchFileException if the file is a directory
+     * @throws NoSuchFileException if the file is a directory.
      */
     public static PathCounters deleteFile(final Path file) throws IOException {
         return deleteFile(file, EMPTY_DELETE_OPTION_ARRAY);
@@ -771,7 +771,7 @@ public static boolean directoryContentEquals(final Path path1, final Path path2)
      * @param path2            The second directory.
      * @param maxDepth         See {@link Files#walkFileTree(Path,Set,int,FileVisitor)}.
      * @param linkOptions      options to follow links.
-     * @param fileVisitOptions options to configure the traversal
+     * @param fileVisitOptions options to configure the traversal.
      * @return Whether the two directories contain the same files without considering file contents.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error is thrown by a visitor method.
      */
@@ -944,7 +944,7 @@ public static AclFileAttributeView getAclFileAttributeView(final Path path, fina
      * Will return the file name itself if it doesn't contain any periods. All leading directories of the {@code file name} parameter are skipped.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the base name of file name
+     * @return the base name of file name.
      * @param path the path of the file to obtain the base name of.
      * @since 2.16.0
      */
@@ -1136,7 +1136,7 @@ public static Path getTempDirectory() {
      * {@code Files.isDirectory(Path path, LinkOption... options)}.
      *
      * @param path    the path to the file.
-     * @param options options indicating how to handle symbolic links
+     * @param options options indicating how to handle symbolic links.
      * @return {@code true} if the file is a directory; {@code false} if the path is null, the file does not exist, is not a directory, or it cannot be
      *         determined if the file is a directory or not.
      * @throws SecurityException In the case of the default provider, and a security manager is installed, the {@link SecurityManager#checkRead(String)
@@ -1240,7 +1240,7 @@ public static boolean isNewer(final Path file, final Instant instant, final Link
      * Tests if the given {@link Path} is newer than the given time reference.
      *
      * @param file       the {@link Path} to test.
-     * @param timeMillis the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970)
+     * @param timeMillis the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970).
      * @param options    options indicating how to handle symbolic links.
      * @return true if the {@link Path} exists and has been modified after the given time reference.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ public static boolean isOlder(final Path file, final Instant instant, final Link
      * Tests if the given {@link Path} is older than the given time reference.
      *
      * @param file       the {@link Path} to test.
-     * @param timeMillis the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970)
+     * @param timeMillis the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch (00:00:00 GMT, January 1, 1970).
      * @param options    options indicating how to handle symbolic links.
      * @return true if the {@link Path} exists and has been modified before the given time reference.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1425,7 +1425,7 @@ private static boolean overrideReadOnly(final DeleteOption... deleteOptions) {
     /**
      * Reads the BasicFileAttributes from the given path. Returns null if the attributes can't be read.
      *
-     * @param <A>     The {@link BasicFileAttributes} type
+     * @param <A>     The {@link BasicFileAttributes} type.
      * @param path    The Path to test.
      * @param type    the {@link Class} of the file attributes required to read.
      * @param options options indicating how to handle symbolic links.
@@ -1827,7 +1827,7 @@ private static List<Path> toSortedList(final Iterable<Path> rootDirectories) {
      * @param file the file to touch.
      * @return The given file.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the parameter is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException          if setting the last-modified time failed or an I/O problem occurs.\
+     * @throws IOException          if setting the last-modified time failed or an I/O problem occurs.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static Path touch(final Path file) throws IOException {
@@ -1957,8 +1957,8 @@ public static boolean waitFor(final Path file, final Duration timeout, final Lin
      * closed stream causes a {@link IllegalStateException}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param start          the start path
-     * @param pathFilter     the path filter
+     * @param start          the start path.
+     * @param pathFilter     the path filter.
      * @param maxDepth       the maximum depth of directories to walk.
      * @param readAttributes whether to call the filters with file attributes (false passes null).
      * @param options        the options to configure the walk.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/attribute/FileTimes.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/attribute/FileTimes.java
index 35725357f9c..2878d8752d7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/attribute/FileTimes.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/attribute/FileTimes.java
@@ -308,7 +308,7 @@ static long toNtfsTime(final Instant instant) {
      * An NTFS file time is a 64-bit value for the number of 100-nanosecond intervals since 12:00 A.M. January 1, 1601 Coordinated Universal Time (UTC).
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param javaTime the Java time
+     * @param javaTime the Java time.
      * @return the NTFS time, 100-nanosecond units since 1 January 1601.
      * @since 2.16.0
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/spi/FileSystemProviders.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/spi/FileSystemProviders.java
index 2483cef0a20..4e83ffe1e8c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/spi/FileSystemProviders.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/spi/FileSystemProviders.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class FileSystemProviders { // NOPMD Class will be final in 3.0.
     /**
      * Gets the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given Path.
      *
-     * @param path The Path to query
+     * @param path The Path to query.
      * @return the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given Path.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // FileSystem is not allocated here.
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public FileSystemProvider getFileSystemProvider(final String scheme) {
     /**
      * Gets the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given URI.
      *
-     * @param uri The URI to query
+     * @param uri The URI to query.
      * @return the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given URI or null.
      */
     public FileSystemProvider getFileSystemProvider(final URI uri) {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public FileSystemProvider getFileSystemProvider(final URI uri) {
     /**
      * Gets the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given URL.
      *
-     * @param url The URL to query
+     * @param url The URL to query.
      * @return the {@link FileSystemProvider} for the given URI or null.
      */
     public FileSystemProvider getFileSystemProvider(final URL url) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java
index c71867d14da..b16e86eaf14 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AbstractFileFilter.java
@@ -77,8 +77,8 @@ protected AbstractFileFilter(final FileVisitResult onAccept, final FileVisitResu
     /**
      * Tests to see if the File should be accepted by this filter.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
-     * @return true if this file matches the test
+     * @param file the File to check.
+     * @return true if this file matches the test.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -89,9 +89,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the File should be accepted by this filter.
      *
-     * @param dir the directory File to check
-     * @param name the file name within the directory to check
-     * @return true if this file matches the test
+     * @param dir the directory File to check.
+     * @param name the file name within the directory to check.
+     * @return true if this file matches the test.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ FileVisitResult toFileVisitResult(final boolean accept) {
     /**
      * Provides a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java
index 35542cfd486..9d95794ce28 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AgeFileFilter.java
@@ -89,7 +89,7 @@ public class AgeFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new age file filter for files older than (at or before) a certain cutoff date.
      *
-     * @param cutoffDate the threshold age of the files
+     * @param cutoffDate the threshold age of the files.
      */
     public AgeFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate) {
         this(cutoffDate, true);
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public AgeFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new age file filter for files on any one side of a certain cutoff date.
      *
-     * @param cutoffDate the threshold age of the files
+     * @param cutoffDate the threshold age of the files.
      * @param acceptOlder if true, older files (at or before the cutoff) are accepted, else newer ones (after the
      *        cutoff).
      */
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public AgeFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate, final boolean acceptOlder) {
      * Constructs a new age file filter for files older than (at or before) a certain File (whose last modification time
      * will be used as reference).
      *
-     * @param cutoffReference the file whose last modification time is used as the threshold age of the files
+     * @param cutoffReference the file whose last modification time is used as the threshold age of the files.
      */
     public AgeFileFilter(final File cutoffReference) {
         this(cutoffReference, true);
@@ -120,7 +120,7 @@ public AgeFileFilter(final File cutoffReference) {
      * Constructs a new age file filter for files on any one side of a certain File (whose last modification time will
      * be used as reference).
      *
-     * @param cutoffReference the file whose last modification time is used as the threshold age of the files
+     * @param cutoffReference the file whose last modification time is used as the threshold age of the files.
      * @param acceptOlder if true, older files (at or before the cutoff) are accepted, else newer ones (after the
      *        cutoff).
      */
@@ -179,8 +179,8 @@ public AgeFileFilter(final long cutoffMillis, final boolean acceptOlder) {
      * modification time equals cutoff and older files are required, file <strong>IS</strong> selected.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @param file the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -194,9 +194,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
      * modification time equals cutoff and older files are required, file <strong>IS</strong> selected.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
+     * @param file the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public FileVisitResult accept(final Path file, final BasicFileAttributes attribu
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
index f8da16bcb0e..2db3e46f5a8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
@@ -90,9 +90,9 @@ public AndFileFilter(final IOFileFilter... fileFilters) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new file filter that ANDs the result of other filters.
      *
-     * @param filter1  the first filter, must second be null
-     * @param filter2  the first filter, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either filter is null
+     * @param filter1  the first filter, must second be null.
+     * @param filter2  the first filter, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either filter is null.
      */
     public AndFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFileFilter filter2) {
         this(2);
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public void setFileFilters(final List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters) {
     /**
      * Builds a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/CanWriteFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/CanWriteFileFilter.java
index 899481c6465..f06915cc239 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/CanWriteFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/CanWriteFileFilter.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ protected CanWriteFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file can be written to.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
+     * @param file the File to check.
      * @return {@code true} if the file can be written to, otherwise {@code false}.
      */
     @Override
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file can be written to.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
+     * @param file the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return {@code true} if the file can be written to, otherwise {@code false}.
      * @since 2.9.0
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/ConditionalFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/ConditionalFileFilter.java
index d59996a0461..96ff4947b5c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/ConditionalFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/ConditionalFileFilter.java
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public interface ConditionalFileFilter {
      * Adds the specified file filter to the list of file filters at the end of
      * the list.
      *
-     * @param ioFileFilter the filter to be added
+     * @param ioFileFilter the filter to be added.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     void addFileFilter(IOFileFilter ioFileFilter);
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public interface ConditionalFileFilter {
     /**
      * Gets this conditional file filter's list of file filters.
      *
-     * @return the file filter list
+     * @return the file filter list.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     List<IOFileFilter> getFileFilters();
@@ -45,9 +45,9 @@ public interface ConditionalFileFilter {
     /**
      * Removes the specified file filter.
      *
-     * @param ioFileFilter filter to be removed
+     * @param ioFileFilter filter to be removed.
      * @return {@code true} if the filter was found in the list,
-     * {@code false} otherwise
+     * {@code false} otherwise.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     boolean removeFileFilter(IOFileFilter ioFileFilter);
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public interface ConditionalFileFilter {
      * Sets the list of file filters, replacing any previously configured
      * file filters on this filter.
      *
-     * @param fileFilters the list of filters
+     * @param fileFilters the list of filters.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     void setFileFilters(List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
index 4137644ca1d..f4f414753cb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public class DelegateFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializab
     /**
      * Constructs a delegate file filter around an existing FileFilter.
      *
-     * @param fileFilter  the filter to decorate
+     * @param fileFilter  the filter to decorate.
      */
     public DelegateFileFilter(final FileFilter fileFilter) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(fileFilter, "filter");
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public DelegateFileFilter(final FileFilter fileFilter) {
     /**
      * Constructs a delegate file filter around an existing FilenameFilter.
      *
-     * @param fileNameFilter  the filter to decorate
+     * @param fileNameFilter  the filter to decorate.
      */
     public DelegateFileFilter(final FilenameFilter fileNameFilter) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(fileNameFilter, "filter");
@@ -67,8 +67,8 @@ public DelegateFileFilter(final FilenameFilter fileNameFilter) {
     /**
      * Tests the filter.
      *
-     * @param file  the file to check
-     * @return true if the filter matches
+     * @param file  the file to check.
+     * @return true if the filter matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests the filter.
      *
-     * @param dir  the directory
-     * @param name  the file name in the directory
-     * @return true if the filter matches
+     * @param dir  the directory.
+     * @param name  the file name in the directory.
+     * @return true if the filter matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DirectoryFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DirectoryFileFilter.java
index bb3d615bd43..b0c54b42ec4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DirectoryFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DirectoryFileFilter.java
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ protected DirectoryFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a directory.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
-     * @return true if the file is a directory
+     * @param file the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file is a directory.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a directory.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
+     * @param file the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file is a directory
+     * @return true if the file is a directory.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/EmptyFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/EmptyFileFilter.java
index a5cdd676bb1..392d2cf0f12 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/EmptyFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/EmptyFileFilter.java
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ protected EmptyFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is empty.
      *
-     * @param file the file or directory to check
+     * @param file the file or directory to check.
      * @return {@code true} if the file or directory is <em>empty</em>, otherwise {@code false}.
      */
     @Override
@@ -117,7 +117,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is empty.
      *
-     * @param file the file or directory to check
+     * @param file the file or directory to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return {@code true} if the file or directory is <em>empty</em>, otherwise {@code false}.
      * @since 2.9.0
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FalseFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FalseFileFilter.java
index ebaa77b2007..7054a7c68f2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FalseFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FalseFileFilter.java
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ protected FalseFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Returns false.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check (ignored)
-     * @return false
+     * @param file the file to check (ignored).
+     * @return false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Returns false.
      *
-     * @param dir the directory to check (ignored)
-     * @param name the file name (ignored)
-     * @return false
+     * @param dir the directory to check (ignored).
+     * @param name the file name (ignored).
+     * @return false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Returns false.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check (ignored)
+     * @param file the file to check (ignored).
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return false
+     * @return {@link FileVisitResult#TERMINATE}.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFileFilter.java
index 801d39f07b4..4bab6adf49e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFileFilter.java
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ protected FileFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a file.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
-     * @return true if the file is a file
+     * @param file  the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file is a file.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -103,9 +103,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a file.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @param file  the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file is a file
+     * @return true if the file is a file.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
index 937895c822c..587bb4226ee 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ public class FileFilterUtils {
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file was last modified before
      * or at the specified cutoff date.
      *
-     * @param cutoffDate  the time threshold
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     * @param cutoffDate  the time threshold.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that filters files based on a cutoff date.
      *
-     * @param cutoffDate  the time threshold
-     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     * @param cutoffDate  the time threshold.
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final Date cutoffDate, final boolean ac
      * or at the same time as the specified reference file.
      *
      * @param cutoffReference  the file whose last modification
-     *        time is used as the threshold age of the files
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     *        time is used as the threshold age of the files.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -95,9 +95,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final File cutoffReference) {
      * Returns a filter that filters files based on a cutoff reference file.
      *
      * @param cutoffReference  the file whose last modification
-     *        time is used as the threshold age of the files
-     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     *        time is used as the threshold age of the files.
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -109,8 +109,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final File cutoffReference, final boole
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file was last modified before
      * or at the specified cutoff time.
      *
-     * @param cutoffMillis  the time threshold
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     * @param cutoffMillis  the time threshold.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -121,9 +121,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final long cutoffMillis) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that filters files based on a cutoff time.
      *
-     * @param cutoffMillis  the time threshold
-     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer
-     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter
+     * @param cutoffMillis  the time threshold.
+     * @param acceptOlder  if true, older files get accepted, if false, newer.
+     * @return an appropriately configured age file filter.
      * @see AgeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter ageFileFilter(final long cutoffMillis, final boolean
      * Returns a filter that ANDs the specified filters.
      *
      * @param filters the IOFileFilters that will be ANDed together.
-     * @return a filter that ANDs the specified filters
+     * @return a filter that ANDs the specified filters.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the filters are null or contain a
      *         null value.
      * @see AndFileFilter
@@ -148,9 +148,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter and(final IOFileFilter... filters) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that ANDs the two specified filters.
      *
-     * @param filter1  the first filter
-     * @param filter2  the second filter
-     * @return a filter that ANDs the two specified filters
+     * @param filter1  the first filter.
+     * @param filter2  the second filter.
+     * @return a filter that ANDs the two specified filters.
      * @see #and(IOFileFilter...)
      * @see AndFileFilter
      * @deprecated Use {@link #and(IOFileFilter...)}
@@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter andFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFil
      * Returns an {@link IOFileFilter} that wraps the
      * {@link FileFilter} instance.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to be wrapped
-     * @return a new filter that implements IOFileFilter
+     * @param filter  the filter to be wrapped.
+     * @return a new filter that implements IOFileFilter.
      * @see DelegateFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter asFileFilter(final FileFilter filter) {
@@ -176,8 +176,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter asFileFilter(final FileFilter filter) {
      * Returns an {@link IOFileFilter} that wraps the
      * {@link FilenameFilter} instance.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to be wrapped
-     * @return a new filter that implements IOFileFilter
+     * @param filter  the filter to be wrapped.
+     * @return a new filter that implements IOFileFilter.
      * @see DelegateFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter asFileFilter(final FilenameFilter filter) {
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter asFileFilter(final FilenameFilter filter) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that checks if the file is a directory.
      *
-     * @return file filter that accepts only directories and not files
+     * @return file filter that accepts only directories and not files.
      * @see DirectoryFileFilter#DIRECTORY
      */
     public static IOFileFilter directoryFileFilter() {
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter directoryFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that always returns false.
      *
-     * @return a false filter
+     * @return a false filter.
      * @see FalseFileFilter#FALSE
      */
     public static IOFileFilter falseFileFilter() {
@@ -207,7 +207,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter falseFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that checks if the file is a file (and not a directory).
      *
-     * @return file filter that accepts only files and not directories
+     * @return file filter that accepts only files and not directories.
      * @see FileFileFilter#INSTANCE
      */
     public static IOFileFilter fileFileFilter() {
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ public static File[] filter(final IOFileFilter filter, final Iterable<File> file
      * @param stream the stream of files on which to apply the filter.
      * @param collector how to collect the end result.
      * @param <R> the return type.
-     * @param <A> the mutable accumulation type of the reduction operation (often hidden as an implementation detail)
+     * @param <A> the mutable accumulation type of the reduction operation (often hidden as an implementation detail).
      * @return a subset of files from the stream that is accepted by the filter.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the filter is {@code null}.
      */
@@ -495,8 +495,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter magicNumberFileFilter(final String magicNumber, final
      * Passing in {@code null} will return a filter that accepts everything
      * except CVS directories.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter
-     * @return the decorated filter, never null
+     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter.
+     * @return the decorated filter, never null.
      * @since 1.1 (method existed but had a bug in 1.0)
      */
     public static IOFileFilter makeCVSAware(final IOFileFilter filter) {
@@ -506,8 +506,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter makeCVSAware(final IOFileFilter filter) {
     /**
      * Decorates a filter so that it only applies to directories and not to files.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter
-     * @return the decorated filter, never null
+     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter.
+     * @return the decorated filter, never null.
      * @see DirectoryFileFilter#DIRECTORY
      * @since 1.3
      */
@@ -521,8 +521,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter makeDirectoryOnly(final IOFileFilter filter) {
     /**
      * Decorates a filter so that it only applies to files and not to directories.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter
-     * @return the decorated filter, never null
+     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter.
+     * @return the decorated filter, never null.
      * @see FileFileFilter#INSTANCE
      * @since 1.3
      */
@@ -538,8 +538,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter makeFileOnly(final IOFileFilter filter) {
      * Passing in {@code null} will return a filter that accepts everything
      * except SVN directories.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter
-     * @return the decorated filter, never null
+     * @param filter  the filter to decorate, null means an unrestricted filter.
+     * @return the decorated filter, never null.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static IOFileFilter makeSVNAware(final IOFileFilter filter) {
@@ -549,8 +549,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter makeSVNAware(final IOFileFilter filter) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name matches the specified text.
      *
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @return a name checking filter
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @return a name checking filter.
      * @see NameFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter nameFileFilter(final String name) {
@@ -560,9 +560,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter nameFileFilter(final String name) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name matches the specified text.
      *
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @return a name checking filter
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @return a name checking filter.
      * @see NameFileFilter
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -573,8 +573,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter nameFileFilter(final String name, final IOCase ioCase
     /**
      * Returns a filter that NOTs the specified filter.
      *
-     * @param filter  the filter to invert
-     * @return a filter that NOTs the specified filter
+     * @param filter  the filter to invert.
+     * @return a filter that NOTs the specified filter.
      * @see NotFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter notFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter) {
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ public static IOFileFilter notFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter) {
      * Returns a filter that ORs the specified filters.
      *
      * @param filters the IOFileFilters that will be ORed together.
-     * @return a filter that ORs the specified filters
+     * @return a filter that ORs the specified filters.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the filters are null or contain a
      *         null value.
      * @see OrFileFilter
@@ -598,9 +598,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter or(final IOFileFilter... filters) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that ORs the two specified filters.
      *
-     * @param filter1  the first filter
-     * @param filter2  the second filter
-     * @return a filter that ORs the two specified filters
+     * @param filter1  the first filter.
+     * @param filter2  the second filter.
+     * @return a filter that ORs the two specified filters.
      * @see #or(IOFileFilter...)
      * @see OrFileFilter
      * @deprecated Use {@link #or(IOFileFilter...)}
@@ -613,8 +613,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter orFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFile
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name starts with the specified text.
      *
-     * @param prefix  the file name prefix
-     * @return a prefix checking filter
+     * @param prefix  the file name prefix.
+     * @return a prefix checking filter.
      * @see PrefixFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter prefixFileFilter(final String prefix) {
@@ -624,9 +624,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter prefixFileFilter(final String prefix) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name starts with the specified text.
      *
-     * @param prefix  the file name prefix
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @return a prefix checking filter
+     * @param prefix  the file name prefix.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @return a prefix checking filter.
      * @see PrefixFileFilter
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -637,8 +637,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter prefixFileFilter(final String prefix, final IOCase io
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file is bigger than a certain size.
      *
-     * @param threshold  the file size threshold
-     * @return an appropriately configured SizeFileFilter
+     * @param threshold  the file size threshold.
+     * @return an appropriately configured SizeFileFilter.
      * @see SizeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -649,9 +649,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter sizeFileFilter(final long threshold) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that filters based on file size.
      *
-     * @param threshold  the file size threshold
-     * @param acceptLarger  if true, larger files get accepted, if false, smaller
-     * @return an appropriately configured SizeFileFilter
+     * @param threshold  the file size threshold.
+     * @param acceptLarger  if true, larger files get accepted, if false, smaller.
+     * @return an appropriately configured SizeFileFilter.
      * @see SizeFileFilter
      * @since 1.2
      */
@@ -663,9 +663,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter sizeFileFilter(final long threshold, final boolean ac
      * Returns a filter that accepts files whose size is &gt;= minimum size
      * and &lt;= maximum size.
      *
-     * @param minSizeInclusive the minimum file size (inclusive)
-     * @param maxSizeInclusive the maximum file size (inclusive)
-     * @return an appropriately configured IOFileFilter
+     * @param minSizeInclusive the minimum file size (inclusive).
+     * @param maxSizeInclusive the maximum file size (inclusive).
+     * @return an appropriately configured IOFileFilter.
      * @see SizeFileFilter
      * @since 1.3
      */
@@ -678,8 +678,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter sizeRangeFileFilter(final long minSizeInclusive, fina
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name ends with the specified text.
      *
-     * @param suffix  the file name suffix
-     * @return a suffix checking filter
+     * @param suffix  the file name suffix.
+     * @return a suffix checking filter.
      * @see SuffixFileFilter
      */
     public static IOFileFilter suffixFileFilter(final String suffix) {
@@ -689,9 +689,9 @@ public static IOFileFilter suffixFileFilter(final String suffix) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that returns true if the file name ends with the specified text.
      *
-     * @param suffix  the file name suffix
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @return a suffix checking filter
+     * @param suffix  the file name suffix.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @return a suffix checking filter.
      * @see SuffixFileFilter
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -702,8 +702,8 @@ public static IOFileFilter suffixFileFilter(final String suffix, final IOCase io
     /**
      * Create a List of file filters.
      *
-     * @param filters The file filters
-     * @return The list of file filters
+     * @param filters The file filters.
+     * @return The list of file filters.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the filters are null or contain a
      *         null value.
      * @since 2.0
@@ -715,7 +715,7 @@ public static List<IOFileFilter> toList(final IOFileFilter... filters) {
     /**
      * Returns a filter that always returns true.
      *
-     * @return a true filter
+     * @return a true filter.
      * @see TrueFileFilter#TRUE
      */
     public static IOFileFilter trueFileFilter() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/HiddenFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/HiddenFileFilter.java
index 6fff2241ab1..a8c49bbae8e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/HiddenFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/HiddenFileFilter.java
@@ -95,7 +95,7 @@ protected HiddenFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is hidden.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @param file  the File to check.
      * @return {@code true} if the file is
      *  <em>hidden</em>, otherwise {@code false}.
      */
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is hidden.
      *
-     * @param file       the File to check
+     * @param file       the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return {@code true} if the file is <em>hidden</em>, otherwise {@code false}.
      * @since 2.9.0
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NameFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NameFileFilter.java
index 7eda934d906..5aa3c38a21b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NameFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NameFileFilter.java
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ public class NameFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive name file filter for a list of names.
      *
-     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final List<String> names) {
         this(names, null);
@@ -94,10 +94,10 @@ public NameFileFilter(final List<String> names) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new name file filter for a list of names specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the name list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the name list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final List<String> names, final IOCase ioCase) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(names, "names");
@@ -108,8 +108,8 @@ public NameFileFilter(final List<String> names, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive name file filter for a single name.
      *
-     * @param name  the name to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is null
+     * @param name  the name to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the name is null.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final String name) {
         this(name, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -122,8 +122,8 @@ public NameFileFilter(final String name) {
      * instance. This would be inadvisable however.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the names array is null
+     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the names array is null.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final String... names) {
         this(names, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -132,9 +132,9 @@ public NameFileFilter(final String... names) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new name file filter specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param name  the name to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null
+     * @param name  the name to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the name is null.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final String name, final IOCase ioCase) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(name, "name");
@@ -145,9 +145,9 @@ public NameFileFilter(final String name, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new name file filter for an array of names specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the names array is null
+     * @param names  the names to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the names array is null.
      */
     public NameFileFilter(final String[] names, final IOCase ioCase) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(names, "names");
@@ -158,8 +158,8 @@ public NameFileFilter(final String[] names, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @param file  the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -169,9 +169,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches.
      *
-     * @param dir  the File directory (ignored)
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @param dir  the File directory (ignored).
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -181,9 +181,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Checks to see if the file name matches.
      *
-     * @param path  the File to check
+     * @param path  the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ private IOCase toIOCase(final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NotFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NotFileFilter.java
index 8592e402129..4e92f9a47ac 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NotFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/NotFileFilter.java
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ public class NotFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new file filter that NOTs the result of another filter.
      *
-     * @param filter the filter, must not be null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the filter is null
+     * @param filter the filter, must not be null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the filter is null.
      */
     public NotFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(filter, "filter");
@@ -54,8 +54,8 @@ public NotFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter) {
     /**
      * Returns the logical NOT of the underlying filter's return value for the same File.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
-     * @return true if the filter returns false
+     * @param file the File to check.
+     * @return true if the filter returns false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Returns the logical NOT of the underlying filter's return value for the same arguments.
      *
-     * @param file the File directory
-     * @param name the file name
-     * @return true if the filter returns false
+     * @param file the File directory.
+     * @param name the file name.
+     * @return true if the filter returns false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
@@ -77,9 +77,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
     /**
      * Returns the logical NOT of the underlying filter's return value for the same File.
      *
-     * @param file the File to check
+     * @param file the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the filter returns false
+     * @return true if the filter returns false.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -94,7 +94,7 @@ private FileVisitResult not(final FileVisitResult accept) {
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
index 57b8bcf0560..2bc8fc7074c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
@@ -87,9 +87,9 @@ public OrFileFilter(final IOFileFilter... fileFilters) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new file filter that ORs the result of other filters.
      *
-     * @param filter1 the first filter, must not be null
-     * @param filter2 the second filter, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either filter is null
+     * @param filter1 the first filter, must not be null.
+     * @param filter2 the second filter, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if either filter is null.
      */
     public OrFileFilter(final IOFileFilter filter1, final IOFileFilter filter2) {
         this(2);
@@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ public void setFileFilters(final List<IOFileFilter> fileFilters) {
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/PrefixFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/PrefixFileFilter.java
index 3a85c9e8e18..a1db0ae1203 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/PrefixFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/PrefixFileFilter.java
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ public class PrefixFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable
     /**
      * Constructs a new Prefix file filter for a list of prefixes.
      *
-     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the prefix list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the prefix list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final List<String> prefixes) {
         this(prefixes, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -95,10 +95,10 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final List<String> prefixes) {
      * Constructs a new Prefix file filter for a list of prefixes
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the prefix list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the prefix list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final List<String> prefixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final List<String> prefixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new Prefix file filter for a single prefix.
      *
-     * @param prefix  the prefix to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null
+     * @param prefix  the prefix to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null.
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final String prefix) {
         this(prefix, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final String prefix) {
      * instance. This would be inadvisable however.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix array is null
+     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix array is null.
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final String... prefixes) {
         this(prefixes, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final String... prefixes) {
      * Constructs a new Prefix file filter for a single prefix
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param prefix  the prefix to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null
+     * @param prefix  the prefix to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final String prefix, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -150,9 +150,9 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final String prefix, final IOCase ioCase) {
      * Constructs a new Prefix file filter for any of an array of prefixes
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null
+     * @param prefixes  the prefixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the prefix is null.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public PrefixFileFilter(final String[] prefixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -164,8 +164,8 @@ public PrefixFileFilter(final String[] prefixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name starts with the prefix.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
-     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes
+     * @param file  the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -175,9 +175,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name starts with the prefix.
      *
-     * @param file  the File directory
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes
+     * @param file  the File directory.
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
@@ -187,9 +187,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name starts with the prefix.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @param file  the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes
+     * @return true if the file name starts with one of our prefixes.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ private boolean accept(final String name) {
     /**
      * Provides a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilter.java
index f044800692c..db699d9b912 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilter.java
@@ -132,8 +132,8 @@ public RegexFileFilter(final Pattern pattern, final Function<Path, String> pathT
     /**
      * Constructs a new regular expression filter.
      *
-     * @param pattern regular string expression to match
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null
+     * @param pattern regular string expression to match.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null.
      */
     public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern) {
         this(pattern, 0);
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new regular expression filter with the specified flags.
      *
-     * @param pattern regular string expression to match
+     * @param pattern regular string expression to match.
      * @param flags pattern flags - e.g. {@link Pattern#CASE_INSENSITIVE}
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null.
      */
     public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern, final int flags) {
         this(compile(pattern, flags));
@@ -153,9 +153,9 @@ public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern, final int flags) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new regular expression filter with the specified flags case sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param pattern regular string expression to match
-     * @param ioCase how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null
+     * @param pattern regular string expression to match.
+     * @param ioCase how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null.
      */
     public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern, final IOCase ioCase) {
         this(compile(pattern, toFlags(ioCase)));
@@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ public RegexFileFilter(final String pattern, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the regular expressions.
      *
-     * @param dir the file directory (ignored)
-     * @param name the file name
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the regular expressions
+     * @param dir the file directory (ignored).
+     * @param name the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the regular expressions.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the regular expressions.
      *
-     * @param path the path
+     * @param path the path.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the regular expressions
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the regular expressions.
      */
     @Override
     public FileVisitResult accept(final Path path, final BasicFileAttributes attributes) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SizeFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SizeFileFilter.java
index 24b0b57f939..185f47bf2ef 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SizeFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SizeFileFilter.java
@@ -82,8 +82,8 @@ public class SizeFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
      * Constructs a new size file filter for files equal to or
      * larger than a certain size.
      *
-     * @param size  the threshold size of the files
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the size is negative
+     * @param size  the threshold size of the files.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the size is negative.
      */
     public SizeFileFilter(final long size) {
         this(size, true);
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ public SizeFileFilter(final long size) {
      * Constructs a new size file filter for files based on a certain size
      * threshold.
      *
-     * @param size  the threshold size of the files
+     * @param size  the threshold size of the files.
      * @param acceptLarger  if true, files equal to or larger are accepted,
-     * otherwise smaller ones (but not equal to)
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the size is negative
+     * otherwise smaller ones (but not equal to).
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the size is negative.
      */
     public SizeFileFilter(final long size, final boolean acceptLarger) {
         if (size < 0) {
@@ -115,8 +115,8 @@ public SizeFileFilter(final long size, final boolean acceptLarger) {
      * file <strong>IS</strong> selected.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @param file  the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -134,9 +134,9 @@ private boolean accept(final long length) {
      * file <strong>IS</strong> selected.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file       the File to check
+     * @param file       the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name matches
+     * @return true if the file name matches.
      */
     @Override
     public FileVisitResult accept(final Path file, final BasicFileAttributes attributes) {
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ public FileVisitResult accept(final Path file, final BasicFileAttributes attribu
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SuffixFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SuffixFileFilter.java
index d375433495a..e4780baf704 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SuffixFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SuffixFileFilter.java
@@ -84,9 +84,9 @@ public class SuffixFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable
     /**
      * Constructs a new Suffix file filter for a list of suffixes.
      *
-     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final List<String> suffixes) {
         this(suffixes, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final List<String> suffixes) {
      * Constructs a new Suffix file filter for a list of suffixes
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final List<String> suffixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final List<String> suffixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new Suffix file filter for a single extension.
      *
-     * @param suffix  the suffix to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix is null
+     * @param suffix  the suffix to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the suffix is null.
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final String suffix) {
         this(suffix, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -125,8 +125,8 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final String suffix) {
      * instance. This would be inadvisable however.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix array is null
+     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix array is null.
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final String... suffixes) {
         this(suffixes, IOCase.SENSITIVE);
@@ -136,9 +136,9 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final String... suffixes) {
      * Constructs a new Suffix file filter for a single extension
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param suffix  the suffix to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix is null
+     * @param suffix  the suffix to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix is null.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final String suffix, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -151,9 +151,9 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final String suffix, final IOCase ioCase) {
      * Constructs a new Suffix file filter for an array of suffixes
      * specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null
-     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix array is null
+     * @param suffixes  the suffixes to allow, must not be null.
+     * @param ioCase  how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the suffix array is null.
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public SuffixFileFilter(final String[] suffixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -165,8 +165,8 @@ public SuffixFileFilter(final String[] suffixes, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name ends with the suffix.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
-     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes
+     * @param file  the File to check.
+     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -176,9 +176,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name ends with the suffix.
      *
-     * @param file  the File directory
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes
+     * @param file  the File directory.
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
@@ -188,9 +188,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name ends with the suffix.
      *
-     * @param path       the File to check
+     * @param path       the File to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes
+     * @return true if the file name ends with one of our suffixes.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -205,7 +205,7 @@ private boolean accept(final String name) {
     /**
      * Provides a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilter.java
index 5c0d85a79a7..3869b0bcda5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilter.java
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public SymbolicLinkFileFilter(final FileVisitResult onAccept, final FileVisitRes
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a symbolic link.
      *
-     * @param file  the File to check
+     * @param file  the File to check.
      * @return true if the file exists and is a symbolic link to either another file or a directory,
      *         false otherwise.
      */
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file is a symbolic link.
      *
-     * @param path the File Path to check
+     * @param path the File Path to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return {@code onAccept} from {@link #SymbolicLinkFileFilter(FileVisitResult, FileVisitResult)} if the file exists and is a symbolic link to either
      *         another file or a directory; returns {@code onReject} otherwise.
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public FileVisitResult accept(final Path path, final BasicFileAttributes attribu
      * test for why.)
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param filePath The filePath to test
+     * @param filePath The filePath to test.
      * @return true if the file exists and is a symbolic link to either a file or directory, false otherwise.
      */
     boolean isSymbolicLink(final Path filePath) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/TrueFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/TrueFileFilter.java
index 70e27da55dc..9552e27a545 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/TrueFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/TrueFileFilter.java
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ protected TrueFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Returns true.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check (ignored)
-     * @return true
+     * @param file the file to check (ignored).
+     * @return true.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -71,9 +71,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Returns true.
      *
-     * @param dir the directory to check (ignored)
-     * @param name the file name (ignored)
-     * @return true
+     * @param dir the directory to check (ignored).
+     * @param name the file name (ignored).
+     * @return true.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -83,9 +83,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Returns true.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check (ignored)
+     * @param file the file to check (ignored).
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true
+     * @return true.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFileFilter.java
index 72a01c3789e..7e895e254e1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFileFilter.java
@@ -174,9 +174,9 @@ private WildcardFileFilter(final Builder builder) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new wildcard filter for an array of wildcards specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match, not null
-     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null
+     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match, not null.
+     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null.
      */
     private WildcardFileFilter(final IOCase ioCase, final String... wildcards) {
         this.wildcards = requireWildcards(wildcards).clone();
@@ -186,10 +186,10 @@ private WildcardFileFilter(final IOCase ioCase, final String... wildcards) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for a list of wildcards.
      *
-     * @param wildcards the list of wildcards to match, not null
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException       if the list does not contain Strings
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcards the list of wildcards to match, not null.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException       if the list does not contain Strings.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final List<String> wildcards) {
@@ -199,11 +199,11 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final List<String> wildcards) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new wildcard filter for a list of wildcards specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param wildcards the list of wildcards to match, not null
-     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException       if the list does not contain Strings
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcards the list of wildcards to match, not null.
+     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException       if the list does not contain Strings.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final List<String> wildcards, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -213,9 +213,9 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final List<String> wildcards, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for a single wildcard.
      *
-     * @param wildcard the wildcard to match
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcard the wildcard to match.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the pattern is null.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final String wildcard) {
@@ -225,9 +225,9 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final String wildcard) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for an array of wildcards.
      *
-     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final String... wildcards) {
@@ -237,10 +237,10 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final String... wildcards) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new wildcard filter for a single wildcard specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param wildcard the wildcard to match, not null
-     * @param ioCase   how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcard the wildcard to match, not null.
+     * @param ioCase   how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final String wildcard, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -250,10 +250,10 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final String wildcard, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new wildcard filter for an array of wildcards specifying case-sensitivity.
      *
-     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match, not null
-     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null
-     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
+     * @param wildcards the array of wildcards to match, not null.
+     * @param ioCase    how to handle case sensitivity, null means case-sensitive.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public WildcardFileFilter(final String[] wildcards, final IOCase ioCase) {
@@ -263,8 +263,8 @@ public WildcardFileFilter(final String[] wildcards, final IOCase ioCase) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -274,9 +274,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param dir  the file directory (ignored)
-     * @param name the file name
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards
+     * @param dir  the file directory (ignored).
+     * @param name the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -286,7 +286,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param path the file to check
+     * @param path the file to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      * @since 2.9.0
@@ -303,7 +303,7 @@ private boolean accept(final String name) {
     /**
      * Provide a String representation of this file filter.
      *
-     * @return a String representation
+     * @return a String representation.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFilter.java
index e435101fbd4..a28cd56c634 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/WildcardFilter.java
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ public class WildcardFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for a list of wildcards.
      *
-     * @param wildcards  the list of wildcards to match
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern list is null
-     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings
+     * @param wildcards  the list of wildcards to match.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern list is null.
+     * @throws ClassCastException if the list does not contain Strings.
      */
     public WildcardFilter(final List<String> wildcards) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(wildcards, "wildcards");
@@ -105,8 +105,8 @@ public WildcardFilter(final List<String> wildcards) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for a single wildcard.
      *
-     * @param wildcard  the wildcard to match
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null
+     * @param wildcard  the wildcard to match.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern is null.
      */
     public WildcardFilter(final String wildcard) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(wildcard, "wildcard");
@@ -116,8 +116,8 @@ public WildcardFilter(final String wildcard) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new case-sensitive wildcard filter for an array of wildcards.
      *
-     * @param wildcards  the array of wildcards to match
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null
+     * @param wildcards  the array of wildcards to match.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the pattern array is null.
      */
     public WildcardFilter(final String... wildcards) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(wildcards, "wildcards");
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ public WildcardFilter(final String... wildcards) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File file) {
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param dir  the file directory
-     * @param name  the file name
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards
+     * @param dir  the file directory.
+     * @param name  the file name.
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
@@ -156,9 +156,9 @@ public boolean accept(final File dir, final String name) {
     /**
      * Tests to see if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      *
-     * @param path the file to check
+     * @param path the file to check.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
-     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards
+     * @return true if the file name matches one of the wildcards.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiConsumer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiConsumer.java
index a8e1bdf397d..ec217eafa0a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiConsumer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiConsumer.java
@@ -25,8 +25,8 @@
 /**
  * Like {@link BiConsumer} but throws {@link IOException}.
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation
- * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation
+ * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation.
+ * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation.
  * @see BiConsumer
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ public interface IOBiConsumer<T, U> {
     /**
      * Returns the no-op singleton.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation
-     * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation
+     * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation.
+     * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation.
      * @return The no-op singleton.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ static <T, U> IOBiConsumer<T, U> noop() {
     /**
      * Performs this operation on the given arguments.
      *
-     * @param t the first input argument
-     * @param u the second input argument
+     * @param t the first input argument.
+     * @param u the second input argument.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     void accept(T t, U u) throws IOException;
@@ -59,10 +59,10 @@ static <T, U> IOBiConsumer<T, U> noop() {
      * operation. If performing either operation throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the composed operation.
      * If performing this operation throws an exception, the {@code after} operation will not be performed.
      *
-     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation
+     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation.
      * @return a composed {@link IOBiConsumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after}
-     *         operation
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null
+     *         operation.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null.
      */
     default IOBiConsumer<T, U> andThen(final IOBiConsumer<? super T, ? super U> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunction.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunction.java
index a72b73f3581..fa5bd4c5db1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunction.java
@@ -30,9 +30,9 @@
  * {@link #apply(Object, Object)}.
  * </p>
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function
- * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function
- * @param <R> the type of the result of the function
+ * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function.
+ * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function.
+ * @param <R> the type of the result of the function.
  * @see BiFunction
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ public interface IOBiFunction<T, U, R> {
      * function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function
-     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function.
+     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      */
     default <V> IOBiFunction<T, U, V> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends V> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
@@ -57,9 +57,9 @@ default <V> IOBiFunction<T, U, V> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends
     /**
      * Applies this function to the given arguments.
      *
-     * @param t the first function argument
-     * @param u the second function argument
-     * @return the function result
+     * @param t the first function argument.
+     * @param u the second function argument.
+     * @return the function result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     R apply(T t, U u) throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBinaryOperator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBinaryOperator.java
index d3be4218177..6d7c70efed2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBinaryOperator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBinaryOperator.java
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ public interface IOBinaryOperator<T> extends IOBiFunction<T, T, T> {
      * Creates a {@link IOBinaryOperator} which returns the greater of two elements according to the specified
      * {@code Comparator}.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the input arguments of the comparator
-     * @param comparator a {@code Comparator} for comparing the two values
+     * @param <T> the type of the input arguments of the comparator.
+     * @param comparator a {@code Comparator} for comparing the two values.
      * @return a {@code BinaryOperator} which returns the greater of its operands, according to the supplied
      *         {@code Comparator}
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the argument is null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the argument is null.
      */
     static <T> IOBinaryOperator<T> maxBy(final IOComparator<? super T> comparator) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(comparator);
@@ -52,11 +52,11 @@ static <T> IOBinaryOperator<T> maxBy(final IOComparator<? super T> comparator) {
      * Creates a {@link IOBinaryOperator} which returns the lesser of two elements according to the specified
      * {@code Comparator}.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the input arguments of the comparator
-     * @param comparator a {@code Comparator} for comparing the two values
+     * @param <T> the type of the input arguments of the comparator.
+     * @param comparator a {@code Comparator} for comparing the two values.
      * @return a {@code BinaryOperator} which returns the lesser of its operands, according to the supplied
      *         {@code Comparator}
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the argument is null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the argument is null.
      */
     static <T> IOBinaryOperator<T> minBy(final IOComparator<? super T> comparator) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(comparator);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBooleanSupplier.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBooleanSupplier.java
index 0b8b1dcfd8b..f82f40adb8e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBooleanSupplier.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBooleanSupplier.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ default BooleanSupplier asBooleanSupplier() {
     /**
      * Gets a result.
      *
-     * @return a result
+     * @return a result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     boolean getAsBoolean() throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOComparator.java
index eb31ef818ef..4d8e891eaa0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOComparator.java
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@
 /**
  * Like {@link Comparator} but throws {@link IOException}.
  *
- * @param <T> the type of objects that may be compared by this comparator
+ * @param <T> the type of objects that may be compared by this comparator.
  * @see Comparator
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ default Comparator<T> asComparator() {
      * @param o2 the second object to be compared.
      * @return a negative integer, zero, or a positive integer as the first argument is less than, equal to, or greater than
      *         the second.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if an argument is null and this comparator does not permit null arguments
+     * @throws NullPointerException if an argument is null and this comparator does not permit null arguments.
      * @throws ClassCastException if the arguments' types prevent them from being compared by this comparator.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOConsumer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOConsumer.java
index 016b643f95f..cb42e0a202d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOConsumer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOConsumer.java
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ static <T> IOConsumer<T> noop() {
     /**
      * Performs this operation on the given argument.
      *
-     * @param t the input argument
+     * @param t the input argument.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     void accept(T t) throws IOException;
@@ -146,9 +146,9 @@ static <T> IOConsumer<T> noop() {
      * operation. If performing either operation throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the composed operation.
      * If performing this operation throws an exception, the {@code after} operation will not be performed.
      *
-     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation
-     * @return a composed {@link Consumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after} operation
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null
+     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation.
+     * @return a composed {@link Consumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after} operation.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null.
      */
     default IOConsumer<T> andThen(final IOConsumer<? super T> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after, "after");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOFunction.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOFunction.java
index 07e9d539a99..92f1335fbb6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOFunction.java
@@ -37,8 +37,8 @@ public interface IOFunction<T, R> {
     /**
      * Returns a {@link IOFunction} that always returns its input argument.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the input and output objects to the function
-     * @return a function that always returns its input argument
+     * @param <T> the type of the input and output objects to the function.
+     * @return a function that always returns its input argument.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     static <T> IOFunction<T, T> identity() {
@@ -50,9 +50,9 @@ static <T> IOFunction<T, T> identity() {
      * {@code after} consumer to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the
      * caller of the composed function.
      *
-     * @param after the consumer to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} consumer
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param after the consumer to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} consumer.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      * @see #compose(IOFunction)
      */
     default IOConsumer<T> andThen(final Consumer<? super R> after) {
@@ -65,10 +65,10 @@ default IOConsumer<T> andThen(final Consumer<? super R> after) {
      * {@code after} function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the
      * caller of the composed function.
      *
-     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function
-     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function.
+     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      * @see #compose(IOFunction)
      */
     default <V> IOFunction<T, V> andThen(final Function<? super R, ? extends V> after) {
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@ default <V> IOFunction<T, V> andThen(final Function<? super R, ? extends V> afte
      * {@code after} consumer to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the
      * caller of the composed function.
      *
-     * @param after the consumer to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} consumer
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param after the consumer to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} consumer.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      * @see #compose(IOFunction)
      */
     default IOConsumer<T> andThen(final IOConsumer<? super R> after) {
@@ -96,10 +96,10 @@ default IOConsumer<T> andThen(final IOConsumer<? super R> after) {
      * {@code after} function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the
      * caller of the composed function.
      *
-     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function
-     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param <V> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function.
+     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      * @see #compose(IOFunction)
      */
     default <V> IOFunction<T, V> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends V> after) {
@@ -110,8 +110,8 @@ default <V> IOFunction<T, V> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends V> af
     /**
      * Applies this function to the given argument.
      *
-     * @param t the function argument
-     * @return the function result
+     * @param t the function argument.
+     * @return the function result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     R apply(T t) throws IOException;
@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ default Function<T, R> asFunction() {
      * this function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param <V> the type of input to the {@code before} function, and to the composed function
-     * @param before the function to apply before this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null
+     * @param <V> the type of input to the {@code before} function, and to the composed function.
+     * @param before the function to apply before this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null.
      * @see #andThen(IOFunction)
      */
     default <V> IOFunction<V, R> compose(final Function<? super V, ? extends T> before) {
@@ -147,10 +147,10 @@ default <V> IOFunction<V, R> compose(final Function<? super V, ? extends T> befo
      * this function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param <V> the type of input to the {@code before} function, and to the composed function
-     * @param before the function to apply before this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null
+     * @param <V> the type of input to the {@code before} function, and to the composed function.
+     * @param before the function to apply before this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null.
      * @see #andThen(IOFunction)
      */
     default <V> IOFunction<V, R> compose(final IOFunction<? super V, ? extends T> before) {
@@ -163,9 +163,9 @@ default <V> IOFunction<V, R> compose(final IOFunction<? super V, ? extends T> be
      * this function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param before the supplier which feeds the application of this function
-     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null
+     * @param before the supplier which feeds the application of this function.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null.
      * @see #andThen(IOFunction)
      */
     default IOSupplier<R> compose(final IOSupplier<? extends T> before) {
@@ -178,9 +178,9 @@ default IOSupplier<R> compose(final IOSupplier<? extends T> before) {
      * this function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param before the supplier which feeds the application of this function
-     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null
+     * @param before the supplier which feeds the application of this function.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies the {@code before} function and then applies this function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if before is null.
      * @see #andThen(IOFunction)
      */
     default IOSupplier<R> compose(final Supplier<? extends T> before) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntConsumer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntConsumer.java
index 9c45b29a011..8f81eff6342 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntConsumer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntConsumer.java
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ public interface IOIntConsumer {
     /**
      * Performs this operation on the given argument.
      *
-     * @param value the input argument
+     * @param value the input argument.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     void accept(int value) throws IOException;
@@ -51,9 +51,9 @@ public interface IOIntConsumer {
      * operation throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the composed operation. If performing this operation throws an exception, the {@code after}
      * operation will not be performed.
      *
-     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation
-     * @return a composed {@code IOIntConsumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after} operation
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null
+     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation.
+     * @return a composed {@code IOIntConsumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after} operation.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null.
      */
     default IOIntConsumer andThen(final IOIntConsumer after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntSupplier.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntSupplier.java
index 02e770cc3a3..058763d0a18 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntSupplier.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIntSupplier.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ default IntSupplier asIntSupplier() {
     /**
      * Gets a result.
      *
-     * @return a result
+     * @return a result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     int getAsInt() throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
index 42cc235fc39..2d99480cf5b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
@@ -36,8 +36,8 @@ public interface IOIterator<E> {
      * Adapts the given Iterable as an IOIterator.
      *
      * @param <E> the type of the stream elements.
-     * @param iterable The iterable to adapt
-     * @return A new IOIterator
+     * @param iterable The iterable to adapt.
+     * @return A new IOIterator.
      * @since 2.17.0
      */
     static <E> IOIterator<E> adapt(final Iterable<E> iterable) {
@@ -48,8 +48,8 @@ static <E> IOIterator<E> adapt(final Iterable<E> iterable) {
      * Adapts the given Iterator as an IOIterator.
      *
      * @param <E> the type of the stream elements.
-     * @param iterator The iterator to adapt
-     * @return A new IOIterator
+     * @param iterator The iterator to adapt.
+     * @return A new IOIterator.
      */
     static <E> IOIterator<E> adapt(final Iterator<E> iterator) {
         return IOIteratorAdapter.adapt(iterator);
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ default void forEachRemaining(final IOConsumer<? super E> action) throws IOExcep
      *
      * @return See delegate.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws NoSuchElementException if the iteration has no more elements
+     * @throws NoSuchElementException if the iteration has no more elements.
      */
     E next() throws IOException;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOLongSupplier.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOLongSupplier.java
index 8e90866273c..707d3b548a5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOLongSupplier.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOLongSupplier.java
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ default LongSupplier asSupplier() {
     /**
      * Gets a result.
      *
-     * @return a result
+     * @return a result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     long getAsLong() throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOPredicate.java
index fda3fddb6be..6186d85b4e5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOPredicate.java
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@
 /**
  * Like {@link Predicate} but throws {@link IOException}.
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate
+ * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate.
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
 @FunctionalInterface
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public interface IOPredicate<T> {
     /**
      * Always false.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate
+     * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate.
      * @return a constant predicate that tests always false.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ static <T> IOPredicate<T> alwaysFalse() {
     /**
      * Always true.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate
+     * @param <T> the type of the input to the predicate.
      * @return a constant predicate that tests always true.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ static <T> IOPredicate<T> alwaysTrue() {
     /**
      * Creates a predicate that tests if two arguments are equal using {@link Objects#equals(Object, Object)}.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of arguments to the predicate
+     * @param <T> the type of arguments to the predicate.
      * @param target the object to compare for equality, may be {@code null}
      * @return a predicate that tests if two arguments are equal using {@link Objects#equals(Object, Object)}
      */
@@ -74,10 +74,10 @@ static <T> IOPredicate<T> isEqual(final Object target) {
      * predicate throws an exception, the {@code other} predicate will not be evaluated.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param other a predicate that will be logically-ANDed with this predicate
+     * @param other a predicate that will be logically-ANDed with this predicate.
      * @return a composed predicate that represents the short-circuiting logical AND of this predicate and the {@code other}
-     *         predicate
-     * @throws NullPointerException if other is null
+     *         predicate.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if other is null.
      */
     default IOPredicate<T> and(final IOPredicate<? super T> other) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(other);
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ default Predicate<T> asPredicate() {
     /**
      * Creates a predicate that represents the logical negation of this predicate.
      *
-     * @return a predicate that represents the logical negation of this predicate
+     * @return a predicate that represents the logical negation of this predicate.
      */
     default IOPredicate<T> negate() {
         return t -> !test(t);
@@ -113,10 +113,10 @@ default IOPredicate<T> negate() {
      * predicate throws an exception, the {@code other} predicate will not be evaluated.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param other a predicate that will be logically-ORed with this predicate
+     * @param other a predicate that will be logically-ORed with this predicate.
      * @return a composed predicate that represents the short-circuiting logical OR of this predicate and the {@code other}
-     *         predicate
-     * @throws NullPointerException if other is null
+     *         predicate.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if other is null.
      */
     default IOPredicate<T> or(final IOPredicate<? super T> other) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(other);
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ default IOPredicate<T> or(final IOPredicate<? super T> other) {
     /**
      * Evaluates this predicate on the given argument.
      *
-     * @param t the input argument
+     * @param t the input argument.
      * @return {@code true} if the input argument matches the predicate, otherwise {@code false}
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunction.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunction.java
index 78db4284b67..f5852c09948 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunction.java
@@ -29,11 +29,11 @@
  * {@link #apply(Object, Object, Object, Object)}.
  * </p>
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function
- * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function
- * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the function
- * @param <W> the type of the fourth argument to the function
- * @param <R> the type of the result of the function
+ * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function.
+ * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function.
+ * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the function.
+ * @param <W> the type of the fourth argument to the function.
+ * @param <R> the type of the result of the function.
  * @see Function
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -45,10 +45,10 @@ public interface IOQuadFunction<T, U, V, W, R> {
      * function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param <X> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function
-     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param <X> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function.
+     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      */
     default <X> IOQuadFunction<T, U, V, W, X> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends X> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
@@ -58,11 +58,11 @@ default <X> IOQuadFunction<T, U, V, W, X> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ?
     /**
      * Applies this function to the given arguments.
      *
-     * @param t the first function argument
-     * @param u the second function argument
-     * @param v the third function argument
-     * @param w the fourth function argument
-     * @return the function result
+     * @param t the first function argument.
+     * @param u the second function argument.
+     * @param v the third function argument.
+     * @param w the fourth function argument.
+     * @return the function result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     R apply(T t, U u, V v, W w) throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOSpliterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOSpliterator.java
index b266027e8f2..b8af9637303 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOSpliterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOSpliterator.java
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ public interface IOSpliterator<T> {
      * Adapts the given Spliterator as an IOSpliterator.
      *
      * @param <E> the type of the stream elements.
-     * @param iterator The iterator to adapt
-     * @return A new IOSpliterator
+     * @param iterator The iterator to adapt.
+     * @return A new IOSpliterator.
      */
     static <E> IOSpliterator<E> adapt(final Spliterator<E> iterator) {
         return IOSpliteratorAdapter.adapt(iterator);
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ default Spliterator<T> asSpliterator() {
     /**
      * Like {@link Spliterator#characteristics()}.
      *
-     * @return a representation of characteristics
+     * @return a representation of characteristics.
      */
     default int characteristics() {
         return unwrap().characteristics();
@@ -74,8 +74,8 @@ default long estimateSize() {
     /**
      * Like {@link Spliterator#forEachRemaining(Consumer)}.
      *
-     * @param action The action
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified action is null
+     * @param action The action.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified action is null.
      */
     default void forEachRemaining(final IOConsumer<? super T> action) {
         while (tryAdvance(action)) { // NOPMD
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ default long getExactSizeIfKnown() {
     /**
      * Like {@link Spliterator#hasCharacteristics(int)}.
      *
-     * @param characteristics the characteristics to check for
+     * @param characteristics the characteristics to check for.
      * @return {@code true} if all the specified characteristics are present, else {@code false}
      */
     default boolean hasCharacteristics(final int characteristics) {
@@ -115,9 +115,9 @@ default boolean hasCharacteristics(final int characteristics) {
     /**
      * Like {@link Spliterator#tryAdvance(Consumer)}.
      *
-     * @param action The action
+     * @param action The action.
      * @return {@code false} if no remaining elements existed upon entry to this method, else {@code true}.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified action is null
+     * @throws NullPointerException if the specified action is null.
      */
     default boolean tryAdvance(final IOConsumer<? super T> action) {
         return unwrap().tryAdvance(Objects.requireNonNull(action, "action").asConsumer());
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ default boolean tryAdvance(final IOConsumer<? super T> action) {
      * Like {@link Spliterator#trySplit()}.
      *
      * @return a {@code Spliterator} covering some portion of the elements, or {@code null} if this spliterator cannot be
-     *         split
+     *         split.
      */
     default IOSpliterator<T> trySplit() {
         return adapt(unwrap().trySplit());
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOStream.java
index fb5ee13b58c..87c6c832baf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOStream.java
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ static <T> IOStream<T> adapt(final Stream<T> stream) {
     /**
      * This class' version of {@link Stream#empty()}.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the stream elements
+     * @param <T> the type of the stream elements.
      * @return an empty sequential {@code IOStreamImpl}.
      * @see Stream#empty()
      */
@@ -135,9 +135,9 @@ static <T> IOStream<T> of(final T... values) {
     /**
      * Returns a sequential {@code IOStreamImpl} containing a single element.
      *
-     * @param t the single element
-     * @param <T> the type of stream elements
-     * @return a singleton sequential stream
+     * @param t the single element.
+     * @param <T> the type of stream elements.
+     * @return a singleton sequential stream.
      */
     static <T> IOStream<T> of(final T t) {
         return adapt(Stream.of(t));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriConsumer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriConsumer.java
index f1e78d2de35..304e94440f4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriConsumer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriConsumer.java
@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@
 /**
  * Like {@link BiConsumer} but throws {@link IOException}.
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation
- * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation
- * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the operation
+ * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation.
+ * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation.
+ * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the operation.
  * @see BiConsumer
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -36,9 +36,9 @@ public interface IOTriConsumer<T, U, V> {
     /**
      * Returns the no-op singleton.
      *
-     * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation
-     * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation
-     * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the operation
+     * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the operation.
+     * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the operation.
+     * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the operation.
      * @return The no-op singleton.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
@@ -49,9 +49,9 @@ static <T, U, V> IOTriConsumer<T, U, V> noop() {
     /**
      * Performs this operation on the given arguments.
      *
-     * @param t the first input argument
-     * @param u the second input argument
-     * @param v the second third argument
+     * @param t the first input argument.
+     * @param u the second input argument.
+     * @param v the second third argument.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     void accept(T t, U u, V v) throws IOException;
@@ -61,10 +61,10 @@ static <T, U, V> IOTriConsumer<T, U, V> noop() {
      * operation. If performing either operation throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the composed operation.
      * If performing this operation throws an exception, the {@code after} operation will not be performed.
      *
-     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation
+     * @param after the operation to perform after this operation.
      * @return a composed {@link IOTriConsumer} that performs in sequence this operation followed by the {@code after}
-     *         operation
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null
+     *         operation.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code after} is null.
      */
     default IOTriConsumer<T, U, V> andThen(final IOTriConsumer<? super T, ? super U, ? super V> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunction.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunction.java
index 1459c3962e8..d84069df1df 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunction.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunction.java
@@ -29,10 +29,10 @@
  * {@link #apply(Object, Object, Object)}.
  * </p>
  *
- * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function
- * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function
- * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the function
- * @param <R> the type of the result of the function
+ * @param <T> the type of the first argument to the function.
+ * @param <U> the type of the second argument to the function.
+ * @param <V> the type of the third argument to the function.
+ * @param <R> the type of the result of the function.
  * @see Function
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
@@ -44,10 +44,10 @@ public interface IOTriFunction<T, U, V, R> {
      * function to the result. If evaluation of either function throws an exception, it is relayed to the caller of the
      * composed function.
      *
-     * @param <W> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function
-     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied
-     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function
-     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null
+     * @param <W> the type of output of the {@code after} function, and of the composed function.
+     * @param after the function to apply after this function is applied.
+     * @return a composed function that first applies this function and then applies the {@code after} function.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if after is null.
      */
     default <W> IOTriFunction<T, U, V, W> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? extends W> after) {
         Objects.requireNonNull(after);
@@ -57,10 +57,10 @@ default <W> IOTriFunction<T, U, V, W> andThen(final IOFunction<? super R, ? exte
     /**
      * Applies this function to the given arguments.
      *
-     * @param t the first function argument
-     * @param u the second function argument
-     * @param v the third function argument
-     * @return the function result
+     * @param t the first function argument.
+     * @param u the second function argument.
+     * @param v the third function argument.
+     * @return the function result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     R apply(T t, U u, V v) throws IOException;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterable.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterable.java
index 76ee5e05546..bfc479872d2 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterable.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class UncheckedIOIterable<E> implements Iterable<E> {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance.
      *
-     * @param delegate The delegate
+     * @param delegate The delegate.
      */
     UncheckedIOIterable(final IOIterable<E> delegate) {
         this.delegate = Objects.requireNonNull(delegate, "delegate");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterator.java
index ec0bfb9867e..0fbbafb31dc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckedIOIterator.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ final class UncheckedIOIterator<E> implements Iterator<E> {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance.
      *
-     * @param delegate The delegate
+     * @param delegate The delegate.
      */
     UncheckedIOIterator(final IOIterator<E> delegate) {
         this.delegate = Objects.requireNonNull(delegate, "delegate");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AbstractCharacterFilterReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AbstractCharacterFilterReader.java
index 53974b060e5..b9851d93b1d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AbstractCharacterFilterReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AbstractCharacterFilterReader.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCharacterFilterReader extends FilterReader {
     /**
      * Constructs a new reader.
      *
-     * @param reader the reader to filter
+     * @param reader the reader to filter.
      */
     protected AbstractCharacterFilterReader(final Reader reader) {
         this(reader, SKIP_NONE);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AutoCloseInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AutoCloseInputStream.java
index 81f6c6e771d..4659f3f7038 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AutoCloseInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/AutoCloseInputStream.java
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ private AutoCloseInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Constructs an automatically closing proxy for the given input stream.
      *
-     * @param in underlying input stream
+     * @param in underlying input stream.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // ClosedInputStream.nonNull() doesn't allocate
@@ -124,8 +124,8 @@ public AutoCloseInputStream(final InputStream in) {
     /**
      * Automatically closes the stream if the end of stream was reached.
      *
-     * @param n number of bytes read, or -1 if no more bytes are available
-     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be closed
+     * @param n number of bytes read, or -1 if no more bytes are available.
+     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be closed.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @Override
@@ -146,7 +146,7 @@ protected void afterRead(final int n) throws IOException {
      * first called.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @throws IOException if the underlying input stream cannot be closed
+     * @throws IOException if the underlying input stream cannot be closed.
      */
     @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * Ensures that the stream is closed before it gets garbage-collected. As mentioned in {@link #close()}, this is a no-op if the stream has already been
      * closed.
      *
-     * @throws Throwable if an error occurs
+     * @throws Throwable if an error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     protected void finalize() throws Throwable {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BOMInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BOMInputStream.java
index acfe8d9ddbb..265da04e671 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BOMInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BOMInputStream.java
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public static class Builder extends AbstractBuilder<BOMInputStream, Builder> {
         /**
          * For test access.
          *
-         * @return the default byte order mark
+         * @return the default byte order mark.
          */
         static ByteOrderMark getDefaultByteOrderMark() {
             return DEFAULT[0];
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ public Builder setByteOrderMarks(final ByteOrderMark... byteOrderMarks) {
          * The default is false.
          * </p>
          *
-         * @param include true to include the UTF-8 BOM or false to exclude it. return this;
+         * @param include true to include the UTF-8 BOM or false to exclude it. return this;.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          */
         public Builder setInclude(final boolean include) {
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ private BOMInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
      * Constructs a new BOM InputStream that excludes a {@link ByteOrderMark#UTF_8} BOM.
      *
      * @param delegate
-     *            the InputStream to delegate to
+     *            the InputStream to delegate to.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -265,9 +265,9 @@ public BOMInputStream(final InputStream delegate) {
      * Constructs a new BOM InputStream that detects a {@link ByteOrderMark#UTF_8} and optionally includes it.
      *
      * @param delegate
-     *            the InputStream to delegate to
+     *            the InputStream to delegate to.
      * @param include
-     *            true to include the UTF-8 BOM or false to exclude it
+     *            true to include the UTF-8 BOM or false to exclude it.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -279,11 +279,11 @@ public BOMInputStream(final InputStream delegate, final boolean include) {
      * Constructs a new BOM InputStream that detects the specified BOMs and optionally includes them.
      *
      * @param delegate
-     *            the InputStream to delegate to
+     *            the InputStream to delegate to.
      * @param include
-     *            true to include the specified BOMs or false to exclude them
+     *            true to include the specified BOMs or false to exclude them.
      * @param boms
-     *            The BOMs to detect and optionally exclude
+     *            The BOMs to detect and optionally exclude.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -303,9 +303,9 @@ public BOMInputStream(final InputStream delegate, final boolean include, final B
      * Constructs a new BOM InputStream that excludes the specified BOMs.
      *
      * @param delegate
-     *            the InputStream to delegate to
+     *            the InputStream to delegate to.
      * @param boms
-     *            The BOMs to detect and exclude
+     *            The BOMs to detect and exclude.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -339,9 +339,9 @@ public ByteOrderMark getBOM() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets the BOM charset Name - {@link ByteOrderMark#getCharsetName()}.
      *
-     * @return The BOM charset Name or null if no BOM found
+     * @return The BOM charset Name or null if no BOM found.
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs
+     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs.
      */
     public String getBOMCharsetName() throws IOException {
         getBOM();
@@ -351,9 +351,9 @@ public String getBOMCharsetName() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests whether the stream contains one of the specified BOMs.
      *
-     * @return true if the stream has one of the specified BOMs, otherwise false if it does not
+     * @return true if the stream has one of the specified BOMs, otherwise false if it does not.
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs
+     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs.
      */
     public boolean hasBOM() throws IOException {
         return getBOM() != null;
@@ -363,12 +363,12 @@ public boolean hasBOM() throws IOException {
      * Tests whether the stream contains the specified BOM.
      *
      * @param bom
-     *            The BOM to check for
-     * @return true if the stream has the specified BOM, otherwise false if it does not
+     *            The BOM to check for.
+     * @return true if the stream has the specified BOM, otherwise false if it does not.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException
-     *             if the BOM is not one the stream is configured to detect
+     *             if the BOM is not one the stream is configured to detect.
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs
+     *             if an error reading the first bytes of the stream occurs.
      */
     public boolean hasBOM(final ByteOrderMark bom) throws IOException {
         if (!bomList.contains(bom)) {
@@ -381,7 +381,7 @@ public boolean hasBOM(final ByteOrderMark bom) throws IOException {
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code mark(int)} method.
      *
      * @param readLimit
-     *            read ahead limit
+     *            read ahead limit.
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized void mark(final int readLimit) {
@@ -394,8 +394,8 @@ public synchronized void mark(final int readLimit) {
      * Checks if the bytes match a BOM.
      *
      * @param bom
-     *            The BOM
-     * @return true if the bytes match the bom, otherwise false
+     *            The BOM.
+     * @return true if the bytes match the bom, otherwise false.
      */
     private boolean matches(final ByteOrderMark bom) {
         return bom.matches(firstBytes);
@@ -404,9 +404,9 @@ private boolean matches(final ByteOrderMark bom) {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read()} method, detecting and optionally skipping BOM.
      *
-     * @return the byte read (excluding BOM) or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @return the byte read (excluding BOM) or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an I/O error occurs
+     *             if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
@@ -420,11 +420,11 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
      *
      * @param buf
      *            the buffer to read the bytes into, never {@code null}
-     * @return the number of bytes read (excluding BOM) or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @return the number of bytes read (excluding BOM) or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws NullPointerException
      *             if the buffer is {@code null}
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an I/O error occurs
+     *             if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final byte[] buf) throws IOException {
@@ -435,18 +435,18 @@ public int read(final byte[] buf) throws IOException {
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(byte[], int, int)} method, detecting and optionally skipping BOM.
      *
      * @param buf
-     *            the buffer to read the bytes into
+     *            the buffer to read the bytes into.
      * @param off
-     *            The start offset
+     *            The start offset.
      * @param len
-     *            The number of bytes to read (excluding BOM)
-     * @return the number of bytes read or -1 if the end of stream
+     *            The number of bytes to read (excluding BOM).
+     * @return the number of bytes read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws NullPointerException
      *             if the buffer is {@code null}
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException
      *             if {@code off} or {@code len} are negative, or if {@code off + len} is greater than {@code buf.length}
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an I/O error occurs
+     *             if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final byte[] buf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ private ByteOrderMark readBom() throws IOException {
      * valid byte or -1 to indicate that the initial bytes have been processed already.
      *
      * @return the byte read (excluding BOM) or -1 if at the end of first bytes.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private int readFirstBytes() throws IOException {
         getBOM();
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ private int readFirstBytes() throws IOException {
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code reset()} method.
      *
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an I/O error occurs
+     *             if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
@@ -527,10 +527,10 @@ public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code skip(long)} method, detecting and optionally skipping BOM.
      *
      * @param n
-     *            the number of bytes to skip
-     * @return the number of bytes to skipped or -1 if the end of stream
+     *            the number of bytes to skip.
+     * @return the number of bytes to skipped or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException
-     *             if an I/O error occurs
+     *             if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public long skip(final long n) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
index 5c1c255c0fe..f7ce2975308 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ public class BoundedReader extends Reader {
     /**
      * Constructs a bounded reader
      *
-     * @param target                   The target stream that will be used
-     * @param maxCharsFromTargetReader The maximum number of characters that can be read from target
+     * @param target                   The target stream that will be used.
+     * @param maxCharsFromTargetReader The maximum number of characters that can be read from target.
      */
     public BoundedReader(final Reader target, final int maxCharsFromTargetReader) {
         this.target = target;
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ public BoundedReader(final Reader target, final int maxCharsFromTargetReader) {
     /**
      * Closes the target
      *
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's close method
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's close method.
      */
     @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      *                       Note that this parameter is not validated with respect to maxCharsFromTargetReader. There
      *                       is no way to pass past maxCharsFromTargetReader, even if this value is greater.
      *
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's mark method
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's mark method.
      * @see Reader#mark(int)
      */
     @Override
@@ -93,8 +93,8 @@ public void mark(final int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads a single character
      *
-     * @return -1 on EOF or the character read
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's read method
+     * @return -1 on EOF or the character read.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's read method.
      * @see Reader#read()
      */
     @Override
@@ -114,13 +114,13 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads into an array
      *
-     * @param cbuf The buffer to fill
-     * @param off  The offset
-     * @param len  The number of chars to read
-     * @return the number of chars read
+     * @param cbuf The buffer to fill.
+     * @param off  The offset.
+     * @param len  The number of chars to read.
+     * @return the number of chars read.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the buffer is {@code null}.
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} or {@code len} are negative, or if {@code off + len} is greater than {@code cbuf.length}.
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's read method
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's read method.
      * @see Reader#read(char[], int, int)
      */
     @Override
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public int read(final char[] cbuf, final int off, final int len) throws IOExcept
     /**
      * Resets the target to the latest mark,
      *
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's reset method
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while calling the underlying reader's reset method.
      * @see Reader#reset()
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
index 8e81b34508a..bd579b618cf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
@@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ private BufferedFileChannelInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException
      * Constructs a new instance for the given File.
      *
      * @param file The file to stream.
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public BufferedFileChannelInputStream(final File file) throws IOException {
      *
      * @param file       The file to stream.
      * @param bufferSize buffer size.
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ public BufferedFileChannelInputStream(final File file, final int bufferSize) thr
      * Constructs a new instance for the given Path.
      *
      * @param path The path to stream.
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ public BufferedFileChannelInputStream(final Path path) throws IOException {
      *
      * @param path       The path to stream.
      * @param bufferSize buffer size.
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -269,7 +269,7 @@ public synchronized int read(final byte[] b, final int offset, int len) throws I
     /**
      * Checks whether data is left to be read from the input stream.
      *
-     * @return true if data is left, false otherwise
+     * @return true if data is left, false otherwise.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private boolean refill() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceReader.java
index bb2be3692c9..60026b84429 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceReader.java
@@ -99,8 +99,8 @@ public CharSequenceReader(final CharSequence charSequence) {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param charSequence The character sequence, may be {@code null}
-     * @param start The start index in the character sequence, inclusive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the start index is negative
+     * @param start The start index in the character sequence, inclusive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the start index is negative.
      * @since 2.7
      */
     public CharSequenceReader(final CharSequence charSequence, final int start) {
@@ -120,9 +120,9 @@ public CharSequenceReader(final CharSequence charSequence, final int start) {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param charSequence The character sequence, may be {@code null}
-     * @param start The start index in the character sequence, inclusive
-     * @param end The end index in the character sequence, exclusive
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the start index is negative, or if the end index is smaller than the start index
+     * @param start The start index in the character sequence, inclusive.
+     * @param end The end index in the character sequence, exclusive.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the start index is negative, or if the end index is smaller than the start index.
      * @since 2.7
      */
     public CharSequenceReader(final CharSequence charSequence, final int start, final int end) {
@@ -168,7 +168,7 @@ private int end() {
     /**
      * Mark the current position.
      *
-     * @param readAheadLimit ignored
+     * @param readAheadLimit ignored.
      */
     @Override
     public void mark(final int readAheadLimit) {
@@ -202,10 +202,10 @@ public int read() {
     /**
      * Reads the specified number of characters into the array.
      *
-     * @param array The array to store the characters in
-     * @param offset The starting position in the array to store
-     * @param length The maximum number of characters to read
-     * @return The number of characters read or -1 if there are no more
+     * @param array The array to store the characters in.
+     * @param offset The starting position in the array to store.
+     * @param length The maximum number of characters to read.
+     * @return The number of characters read or -1 if there are no more.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the array is {@code null}.
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} are negative, or if {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code array.length}.
      */
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ public void reset() {
     /**
      * Skip the specified number of characters.
      *
-     * @param n The number of characters to skip
-     * @return The actual number of characters skipped
+     * @param n The number of characters to skip.
+     * @return The actual number of characters skipped.
      */
     @Override
     public long skip(final long n) {
@@ -302,7 +302,7 @@ private int start() {
      * Gets a String representation of the underlying
      * character sequence.
      *
-     * @return The contents of the character sequence
+     * @return The contents of the character sequence.
      */
     @Override
     public String toString() {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.java
index fef0d6cf17b..4b2828390e8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.java
@@ -40,10 +40,10 @@ public class ClassLoaderObjectInputStream extends ObjectInputStream {
     /**
      * Constructs a new ClassLoaderObjectInputStream.
      *
-     * @param classLoader  the ClassLoader from which classes should be loaded
-     * @param inputStream  the InputStream to work on
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws StreamCorruptedException if the stream is corrupted
+     * @param classLoader  the ClassLoader from which classes should be loaded.
+     * @param inputStream  the InputStream to work on.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws StreamCorruptedException if the stream is corrupted.
      */
     public ClassLoaderObjectInputStream(
             final ClassLoader classLoader, final InputStream inputStream)
@@ -56,10 +56,10 @@ public ClassLoaderObjectInputStream(
      * Resolve a class specified by the descriptor using the
      * specified ClassLoader or the super ClassLoader.
      *
-     * @param objectStreamClass  descriptor of the class
-     * @return the Class object described by the ObjectStreamClass
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the Class cannot be found
+     * @param objectStreamClass  descriptor of the class.
+     * @return the Class object described by the ObjectStreamClass.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the Class cannot be found.
      */
     @Override
     protected Class<?> resolveClass(final ObjectStreamClass objectStreamClass)
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ protected Class<?> resolveClass(final ObjectStreamClass objectStreamClass)
      * Create a proxy class that implements the specified interfaces using
      * the specified ClassLoader or the super ClassLoader.
      *
-     * @param interfaces the interfaces to implement
-     * @return a proxy class implementing the interfaces
-     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error
-     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the Class cannot be found
+     * @param interfaces the interfaces to implement.
+     * @return a proxy class implementing the interfaces.
+     * @throws IOException in case of an I/O error.
+     * @throws ClassNotFoundException if the Class cannot be found.
      * @see ObjectInputStream#resolveProxyClass(String[])
      * @since 2.1
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldInputStream.java
index 001bfca6f55..64592afc611 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldInputStream.java
@@ -44,8 +44,8 @@ public static InputStream systemIn(final InputStream inputStream) {
     /**
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given input stream from being closed.
      *
-     * @param inputStream the input stream to wrap
-     * @return the created proxy
+     * @param inputStream the input stream to wrap.
+     * @return the created proxy.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static CloseShieldInputStream wrap(final InputStream inputStream) {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public static CloseShieldInputStream wrap(final InputStream inputStream) {
     /**
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given input stream from being closed.
      *
-     * @param inputStream underlying input stream
+     * @param inputStream underlying input stream.
      * @deprecated Using this constructor prevents IDEs from warning if the
      *             underlying input stream is never closed. Use
      *             {@link #wrap(InputStream)} instead.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldReader.java
index c6f116db765..e271627ceea 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CloseShieldReader.java
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ public class CloseShieldReader extends ProxyReader {
     /**
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given reader from being closed.
      *
-     * @param reader the reader to wrap
-     * @return the created proxy
+     * @param reader the reader to wrap.
+     * @return the created proxy.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static CloseShieldReader wrap(final Reader reader) {
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public static CloseShieldReader wrap(final Reader reader) {
     /**
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given reader from being closed.
      *
-     * @param reader underlying reader
+     * @param reader underlying reader.
      * @deprecated Using this constructor prevents IDEs from warning if the
      *             underlying reader is never closed. Use {@link #wrap(Reader)}
      *             instead.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CountingInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CountingInputStream.java
index f14e7130507..1182309f07f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CountingInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CountingInputStream.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class CountingInputStream extends ProxyInputStream {
     /**
      * Constructs a new CountingInputStream.
      *
-     * @param in  the InputStream to delegate to
+     * @param in  the InputStream to delegate to.
      */
     public CountingInputStream(final InputStream in) {
         super(in);
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public CountingInputStream(final InputStream in) {
     /**
      * Adds the number of read bytes to the count.
      *
-     * @param n number of bytes read, or -1 if no more bytes are available
+     * @param n number of bytes read, or -1 if no more bytes are available.
      * @throws IOException Not thrown here but subclasses may throw.
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ protected synchronized void afterRead(final int n) throws IOException {
      * result in incorrect count for files over 2GB.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the number of bytes accumulated
+     * @return the number of bytes accumulated.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public synchronized long getByteCount() {
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ public synchronized long getByteCount() {
      * See {@link #getByteCount()} for a method using a {@code long}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the number of bytes accumulated
-     * @throws ArithmeticException if the byte count is too large
+     * @return the number of bytes accumulated.
+     * @throws ArithmeticException if the byte count is too large.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #getByteCount()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ public int getCount() {
      * result in incorrect count for files over 2GB.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the count previous to resetting
+     * @return the count previous to resetting.
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public synchronized long resetByteCount() {
@@ -130,8 +130,8 @@ public synchronized long resetByteCount() {
      * See {@link #resetByteCount()} for a method using a {@code long}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the count previous to resetting
-     * @throws ArithmeticException if the byte count is too large
+     * @return the count previous to resetting.
+     * @throws ArithmeticException if the byte count is too large.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #resetByteCount()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -147,8 +147,8 @@ public int resetCount() {
      * Skips the stream over the specified number of bytes, adding the skipped
      * amount to the count.
      *
-     * @param length  the number of bytes to skip
-     * @return the actual number of bytes skipped
+     * @param length  the number of bytes to skip.
+     * @return the actual number of bytes skipped.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @see InputStream#skip(long)
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/DemuxInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/DemuxInputStream.java
index ad49dca2793..3a0132dc8e6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/DemuxInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/DemuxInputStream.java
@@ -40,8 +40,8 @@ public DemuxInputStream() {
     /**
      * Binds the specified stream to the current thread.
      *
-     * @param input the stream to bind
-     * @return the InputStream that was previously active
+     * @param input the stream to bind.
+     * @return the InputStream that was previously active.
      */
     public InputStream bindStream(final InputStream input) {
         final InputStream oldValue = inputStreamLocal.get();
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ public InputStream bindStream(final InputStream input) {
     /**
      * Closes stream associated with current thread.
      *
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // we actually close the stream here
     @Override
@@ -63,8 +63,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads byte from stream associated with current thread.
      *
-     * @return the byte read from stream
-     * @throws IOException if an error occurs
+     * @return the byte read from stream.
+     * @throws IOException if an error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MarkShieldInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MarkShieldInputStream.java
index 44fb12ff56e..0ed0b0bfda6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MarkShieldInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MarkShieldInputStream.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public class MarkShieldInputStream extends ProxyInputStream {
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given input stream from being
      * marked or rest.
      *
-     * @param in underlying input stream
+     * @param in underlying input stream.
      */
     public MarkShieldInputStream(final InputStream in) {
         super(in);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream.java
index 5f2fb452ef0..7188c564502 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public static class MessageDigestMaintainingObserver extends Observer {
         /**
          * Constructs an MessageDigestMaintainingObserver for the given MessageDigest.
          *
-         * @param messageDigest the message digest to use
+         * @param messageDigest the message digest to use.
          * @throws NullPointerException if messageDigest is null.
          */
         public MessageDigestMaintainingObserver(final MessageDigest messageDigest) {
@@ -211,7 +211,7 @@ private MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOExce
      * The MD5 algorithm is weak and should not be used.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the stream to calculate the message digest for
+     * @param inputStream the stream to calculate the message digest for.
      * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if no Provider supports a MessageDigestSpi implementation for the specified algorithm.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
@@ -226,8 +226,8 @@ public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream inputStream) throws
      * The MD5 cryptographic algorithm is weak and should not be used.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream   the stream to calculate the message digest for
-     * @param messageDigest the message digest to use
+     * @param inputStream   the stream to calculate the message digest for.
+     * @param messageDigest the message digest to use.
      * @throws NullPointerException if messageDigest is null.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
@@ -243,7 +243,7 @@ public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final
      * The MD5 cryptographic algorithm is weak and should not be used.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the stream to calculate the message digest for
+     * @param inputStream the stream to calculate the message digest for.
      * @param algorithm   the name of the algorithm requested. See the MessageDigest section in the
      *                    <a href= "https://docs.oracle.com/javase/8/docs/technotes/guides/security/StandardNames.html#MessageDigest"> Java Cryptography
      *                    Architecture Standard Algorithm Name Documentation</a> for information about standard algorithm names.
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final
      * data has been read, if that is what you want. The easiest way to do so is by invoking {@link #consume()}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @return the message digest used
+     * @return the message digest used.
      */
     public MessageDigest getMessageDigest() {
         return messageDigest;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestInputStream.java
index dac3f2afb5e..c8c3af88347 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestInputStream.java
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public static class MessageDigestMaintainingObserver extends Observer {
         /**
          * Constructs an MessageDigestMaintainingObserver for the given MessageDigest.
          *
-         * @param messageDigest the message digest to use
+         * @param messageDigest the message digest to use.
          * @throws NullPointerException if messageDigest is null.
          */
         public MessageDigestMaintainingObserver(final MessageDigest messageDigest) {
@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@ public static Builder builder() {
      * The MD5 cryptographic algorithm is weak and should not be used.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param builder A builder use to get the stream to calculate the message digest and the message digest to use
+     * @param builder A builder use to get the stream to calculate the message digest and the message digest to use.
      * @throws NullPointerException if messageDigest is null.
      */
     private MessageDigestInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullInputStream.java
index 5fa9b817b5c..1f05410f636 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullInputStream.java
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads some bytes into the specified array.
      *
-     * @param bytes The byte array to read into
+     * @param bytes The byte array to read into.
      * @return The number of bytes read or {@code -1} if the end of file has been reached and {@code throwEofException} is set to {@code false}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the byte array is {@code null}.
      * @throws EOFException if the end of file is reached and {@code throwEofException} is set to {@code true}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullReader.java
index 28f3d37eb21..0405f3943d0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/NullReader.java
@@ -217,7 +217,7 @@ protected int processChar() {
      * This implementation leaves the character array unchanged.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param chars The character array
+     * @param chars The character array.
      * @param offset The offset to start at.
      * @param length The number of characters.
      */
@@ -250,7 +250,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads some characters into the specified array.
      *
-     * @param chars The character array to read into
+     * @param chars The character array to read into.
      * @return The number of characters read or {@code -1}
      * if the end of file has been reached and
      * {@code throwEofException} is set to {@code false}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ObservableInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ObservableInputStream.java
index a1287b857f7..1909f859a65 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ObservableInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ObservableInputStream.java
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ public void data(final int value) throws IOException {
         /**
          * Called to indicate that an error occurred on the underlying stream.
          *
-         * @param exception the exception to throw
+         * @param exception the exception to throw.
          * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
          */
         public void error(final IOException exception) throws IOException {
@@ -361,7 +361,7 @@ public int read(final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length) throws
     /**
      * Removes an Observer.
      *
-     * @param observer the observer to remove
+     * @param observer the observer to remove.
      */
     public void remove(final Observer observer) {
         observers.remove(observer);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
index 7bfed636497..47cff05b1f1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ public abstract class ProxyReader extends FilterReader {
     /**
      * Constructs a new ProxyReader.
      *
-     * @param delegate  the Reader to delegate to
+     * @param delegate  the Reader to delegate to.
      */
     public ProxyReader(final Reader delegate) {
         // the delegate is stored in a protected superclass variable named 'in'
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ public ProxyReader(final Reader delegate) {
      * {@link #reset()}. You need to explicitly override those methods if
      * you want to add post-processing steps also to them.
      *
-     * @param n number of chars read, or -1 if the end of stream was reached
-     * @throws IOException if the post-processing fails
+     * @param n number of chars read, or -1 if the end of stream was reached.
+     * @throws IOException if the post-processing fails.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
@@ -83,8 +83,8 @@ protected void afterRead(final int n) throws IOException {
      * {@link #reset()}. You need to explicitly override those methods if
      * you want to add pre-processing steps also to them.
      *
-     * @param n number of chars that the caller asked to be read
-     * @throws IOException if the pre-processing fails
+     * @param n number of chars that the caller asked to be read.
+     * @throws IOException if the pre-processing fails.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
@@ -110,7 +110,9 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * <p>
      * This method provides a point to implement custom exception
      * handling. The default behavior is to re-throw the exception.
-     * @param e The IOException thrown
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param e The IOException thrown.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ protected void handleIOException(final IOException e) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code mark(int)} method.
-     * @param readAheadLimit read ahead limit
+     * @param readAheadLimit read ahead limit.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ public synchronized void mark(final int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code markSupported()} method.
-     * @return true if mark is supported, otherwise false
+     * @return true if mark is supported, otherwise false.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean markSupported() {
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ public boolean markSupported() {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read()} method.
-     * @return the character read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @return the character read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -161,8 +163,8 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(char[])} method.
-     * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into
-     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into.
+     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -180,10 +182,10 @@ public int read(final char[] chr) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(char[], int, int)} method.
-     * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into
-     * @param st The start offset
-     * @param len The number of bytes to read
-     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into.
+     * @param st The start offset.
+     * @param len The number of bytes to read.
+     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -201,8 +203,8 @@ public int read(final char[] chr, final int st, final int len) throws IOExceptio
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(CharBuffer)} method.
-     * @param target the char buffer to read the characters into
-     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @param target the char buffer to read the characters into.
+     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.0
      */
@@ -221,7 +223,7 @@ public int read(final CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code ready()} method.
-     * @return true if the stream is ready to be read
+     * @return true if the stream is ready to be read.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -249,8 +251,8 @@ public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code skip(long)} method.
-     * @param ln the number of bytes to skip
-     * @return the number of bytes to skipped or EOF if the end of stream
+     * @param ln the number of bytes to skip.
+     * @return the number of bytes to skipped or EOF if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
index 09d7bbaa1a8..45f19cc94c5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ private ReaderInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
      * buffer size of {@value IOUtils#DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE} characters.
      *
      * @param reader the target {@link Reader}
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader) {
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader) {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader  the target {@link Reader}
-     * @param charset the charset encoding
+     * @param charset the charset encoding.
      * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead, will be protected for subclasses.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final Charset charset) {
      * @param reader     the target {@link Reader}.
      * @param charset    the charset encoding.
      * @param bufferSize the size of the input buffer in number of characters.
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final Charset charset, final int bufferSize) {
@@ -284,9 +284,9 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final Charset charset, final int b
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader         the target {@link Reader}
-     * @param charsetEncoder the charset encoder
+     * @param charsetEncoder the charset encoder.
      * @since 2.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final CharsetEncoder charsetEncoder) {
@@ -303,9 +303,9 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final CharsetEncoder charsetEncode
      *
      * @param reader         the target {@link Reader}
      * @param charsetEncoder the charset encoder, null defaults to the default Charset encoder.
-     * @param bufferSize     the size of the input buffer in number of characters
+     * @param bufferSize     the size of the input buffer in number of characters.
      * @since 2.1
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final CharsetEncoder charsetEncoder, final int bufferSize) {
@@ -325,8 +325,8 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final CharsetEncoder charsetEncode
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader      the target {@link Reader}
-     * @param charsetName the name of the charset encoding
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @param charsetName the name of the charset encoding.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final String charsetName) {
@@ -342,8 +342,8 @@ public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final String charsetName) {
      *
      * @param reader      the target {@link Reader}
      * @param charsetName the name of the charset encoding, null maps to the default Charset.
-     * @param bufferSize  the size of the input buffer in number of characters
-     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead
+     * @param bufferSize  the size of the input buffer in number of characters.
+     * @deprecated Use {@link ReaderInputStream#builder()} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
     public ReaderInputStream(final Reader reader, final String charsetName, final int bufferSize) {
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Fills the internal char buffer from the reader.
      *
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private void fillBuffer() throws IOException {
         if (endOfInput) {
@@ -415,7 +415,7 @@ CharsetEncoder getCharsetEncoder() {
     /**
      * Reads a single byte.
      *
-     * @return either the byte read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached
+     * @return either the byte read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -436,7 +436,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
      * Reads the specified number of bytes into an array.
      *
      * @param b the byte array to read into, must not be {@code null}
-     * @return the number of bytes read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached
+     * @return the number of bytes read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the byte array is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
@@ -448,10 +448,10 @@ public int read(final byte[] b) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads the specified number of bytes into an array.
      *
-     * @param array the byte array to read into
-     * @param off   the offset to start reading bytes into
-     * @param len   the number of bytes to read
-     * @return the number of bytes read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached
+     * @param array the byte array to read into.
+     * @param off   the offset to start reading bytes into.
+     * @param len   the number of bytes to read.
+     * @return the number of bytes read or {@code -1} if the end of the stream has been reached.
      * @throws NullPointerException      if the byte array is {@code null}.
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code off} or {@code len} are negative, or if {@code off + len} is greater than {@code array.length}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
index e88606d9e76..da5688b5155 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReversedLinesFileReader.java
@@ -137,10 +137,10 @@ private final class FilePart {
         /**
          * Constructs a new instance.
          *
-         * @param partNumber             the part number
-         * @param length                 its length
-         * @param leftOverOfLastFilePart remainder
-         * @throws IOException if there is a problem reading the file
+         * @param partNumber             the part number.
+         * @param length                 its length.
+         * @param leftOverOfLastFilePart remainder.
+         * @throws IOException if there is a problem reading the file.
          */
         private FilePart(final long partNumber, final int length, final byte[] leftOverOfLastFilePart) throws IOException {
             this.partNumber = partNumber;
@@ -181,9 +181,9 @@ private void createLeftOver() {
         /**
          * Finds the new-line sequence and return its length.
          *
-         * @param data buffer to scan
-         * @param i    start offset in buffer
-         * @return length of newline sequence or 0 if none found
+         * @param data buffer to scan.
+         * @param i    start offset in buffer.
+         * @return length of newline sequence or 0 if none found.
          */
         private int getNewLineMatchByteCount(final byte[] data, final int i) {
             for (final byte[] newLineSequence : newLineSequences) {
@@ -202,7 +202,7 @@ private int getNewLineMatchByteCount(final byte[] data, final int i) {
         /**
          * Reads a line.
          *
-         * @return the line or null
+         * @return the line or null.
          */
         private String readLine() { //NOPMD Bug in PMD
 
@@ -260,8 +260,8 @@ private String readLine() { //NOPMD Bug in PMD
         /**
          * Handles block rollover
          *
-         * @return the new FilePart or null
-         * @throws IOException if there was a problem reading the file
+         * @return the new FilePart or null.
+         * @throws IOException if there was a problem reading the file.
          */
         private FilePart rollOver() throws IOException {
 
@@ -356,7 +356,7 @@ private ReversedLinesFileReader(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with default block size of 4KB and the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
-     * @param file the file to be read
+     * @param file the file to be read.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
@@ -369,7 +369,7 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final File file) throws IOException {
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with default block size of 4KB and the
      * specified encoding.
      *
-     * @param file    the file to be read
+     * @param file    the file to be read.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null uses the default Charset.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.5
@@ -383,7 +383,7 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final File file, final Charset charset) throws IO
     /**
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with the given block size and encoding.
      *
-     * @param file      the file to be read
+     * @param file      the file to be read.
      * @param blockSize size of the internal buffer (for ideal performance this
      *                  should match with the block size of the underlying file
      *                  system).
@@ -400,13 +400,13 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final File file, final int blockSize, final Chars
     /**
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with the given block size and encoding.
      *
-     * @param file      the file to be read
+     * @param file      the file to be read.
      * @param blockSize size of the internal buffer (for ideal performance this
      *                  should match with the block size of the underlying file
      *                  system).
      * @param charsetName  the encoding of the file, null uses the default Charset.
-     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported
+     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -418,7 +418,7 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final File file, final int blockSize, final Strin
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with default block size of 4KB and the
      * specified encoding.
      *
-     * @param file    the file to be read
+     * @param file    the file to be read.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null uses the default Charset.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.7
@@ -432,7 +432,7 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final Path file, final Charset charset) throws IO
     /**
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with the given block size and encoding.
      *
-     * @param file      the file to be read
+     * @param file      the file to be read.
      * @param blockSize size of the internal buffer (for ideal performance this
      *                  should match with the block size of the underlying file
      *                  system).
@@ -449,13 +449,13 @@ public ReversedLinesFileReader(final Path file, final int blockSize, final Chars
     /**
      * Constructs a ReversedLinesFileReader with the given block size and encoding.
      *
-     * @param file        the file to be read
+     * @param file        the file to be read.
      * @param blockSize   size of the internal buffer (for ideal performance this
      *                    should match with the block size of the underlying file
      *                    system).
      * @param charsetName the encoding of the file, null uses the default Charset.
-     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported
+     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @since 2.7
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}
      */
@@ -509,7 +509,7 @@ public Iterator<String> unwrap() {
     /**
      * Returns the lines of the file from bottom to top.
      *
-     * @return the next line or null if the start of the file is reached
+     * @return the next line or null if the start of the file is reached.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public String readLine() throws IOException {
@@ -541,7 +541,7 @@ public String readLine() throws IOException {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param lineCount How many lines to read.
-     * @return A new list
+     * @return A new list.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SequenceReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SequenceReader.java
index daeb71faa92..269ce1cb8be 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SequenceReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SequenceReader.java
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ public class SequenceReader extends Reader {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance with readers
      *
-     * @param readers the readers to read
+     * @param readers the readers to read.
      */
     public SequenceReader(final Iterable<? extends Reader> readers) {
         this.readers = Objects.requireNonNull(readers, "readers").iterator();
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ public SequenceReader(final Iterable<? extends Reader> readers) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance with readers
      *
-     * @param readers the readers to read
+     * @param readers the readers to read.
      */
     public SequenceReader(final Reader... readers) {
         this(Arrays.asList(readers));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SwappedDataInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SwappedDataInputStream.java
index a901ec6bc74..72e46367490 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SwappedDataInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/SwappedDataInputStream.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class SwappedDataInputStream extends ProxyInputStream implements DataInpu
     /**
      * Constructs a SwappedDataInputStream.
      *
-     * @param input InputStream to read from
+     * @param input InputStream to read from.
      */
     public SwappedDataInputStream(final InputStream input) {
         super(input);
@@ -46,9 +46,9 @@ public SwappedDataInputStream(final InputStream input) {
     /**
      * Return {@code {@link #readByte()} != 0}
      *
-     * @return false if the byte read is zero, otherwise true
+     * @return false if the byte read is zero, otherwise true.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      */
     @Override
     public boolean readBoolean() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -58,9 +58,9 @@ public boolean readBoolean() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read()} method.
      *
-     * @return the byte read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @return the byte read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      */
     @Override
     public byte readByte() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -70,9 +70,9 @@ public byte readByte() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads a 2 byte, unsigned, little-endian UTF-16 code point.
      *
-     * @return the UTF-16 code point read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @return the UTF-16 code point read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      */
     @Override
     public char readChar() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -82,9 +82,9 @@ public char readChar() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads an 8 byte, two's complement, little-endian long.
      *
-     * @return the read long
+     * @return the read long.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      */
     @Override
     public double readDouble() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -94,9 +94,9 @@ public double readDouble() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads a 4 byte, IEEE 754, little-endian float.
      *
-     * @return the read float
+     * @return the read float.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      */
     @Override
     public float readFloat() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -106,8 +106,8 @@ public float readFloat() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(byte[] data, int, int)} method.
      *
-     * @param data the buffer to read the bytes into
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @param data the buffer to read the bytes into.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -118,10 +118,10 @@ public void readFully(final byte[] data) throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(byte[] data, int, int)} method.
      *
-     * @param data the buffer to read the bytes into
-     * @param offset The start offset
-     * @param length The number of bytes to read
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @param data the buffer to read the bytes into.
+     * @param offset The start offset.
+     * @param length The number of bytes to read.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -143,8 +143,8 @@ public void readFully(final byte[] data, final int offset, final int length) thr
     /**
      * Reads a 4 byte, two's complement little-endian integer.
      *
-     * @return the read int
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @return the read int.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -155,10 +155,10 @@ public int readInt() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Not currently supported - throws {@link UnsupportedOperationException}.
      *
-     * @return the line read
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
+     * @return the line read.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always.
      */
     @Override
     public String readLine() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -168,8 +168,8 @@ public String readLine() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads an 8 byte, two's complement little-endian integer.
      *
-     * @return the read long
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @return the read long.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -180,8 +180,8 @@ public long readLong() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads a 2 byte, two's complement, little-endian integer.
      *
-     * @return the read short
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @return the read short.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -192,8 +192,8 @@ public short readShort() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read()} method.
      *
-     * @return the byte read or -1 if the end of stream
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @return the byte read or -1 if the end of stream.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ public int readUnsignedByte() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Reads a 2 byte, unsigned, little-endian integer.
      *
-     * @return the read short
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
+     * @return the read short.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -216,10 +216,10 @@ public int readUnsignedShort() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Not currently supported - throws {@link UnsupportedOperationException}.
      *
-     * @return never
-     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
-     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always
+     * @return never.
+     * @throws EOFException if an end of file is reached unexpectedly.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws UnsupportedOperationException always.
      */
     @Override
     public String readUTF() throws IOException, EOFException {
@@ -229,9 +229,9 @@ public String readUTF() throws IOException, EOFException {
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code skip(int)} method.
      *
-     * @param count the number of bytes to skip
-     * @return the number of bytes skipped or -1 if the end of stream
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs
+     * @param count the number of bytes to skip.
+     * @return the number of bytes skipped or -1 if the end of stream.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
     public int skipBytes(final int count) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedInputStream.java
index 141f9c54602..88ad492246d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedInputStream.java
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public class TaggedInputStream extends ProxyInputStream {
     /**
      * Constructs a tagging decorator for the given input stream.
      *
-     * @param proxy input stream to be decorated
+     * @param proxy input stream to be decorated.
      */
     public TaggedInputStream(final InputStream proxy) {
         super(proxy);
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public TaggedInputStream(final InputStream proxy) {
     /**
      * Tags any IOExceptions thrown, wrapping and re-throwing.
      *
-     * @param e The IOException thrown
+     * @param e The IOException thrown.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -96,9 +96,9 @@ protected void handleIOException(final IOException e) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests if the given exception was caused by this stream.
      *
-     * @param exception an exception
+     * @param exception an exception.
      * @return {@code true} if the exception was thrown by this stream,
-     *         {@code false} otherwise
+     *         {@code false} otherwise.
      */
     public boolean isCauseOf(final Throwable exception) {
         return TaggedIOException.isTaggedWith(exception, tag);
@@ -111,8 +111,8 @@ public boolean isCauseOf(final Throwable exception) {
      * original wrapped exception. Returns normally if the exception was
      * not thrown by this stream.
      *
-     * @param throwable an exception
-     * @throws IOException original exception, if any, thrown by this stream
+     * @param throwable an exception.
+     * @throws IOException original exception, if any, thrown by this stream.
      */
     public void throwIfCauseOf(final Throwable throwable) throws IOException {
         TaggedIOException.throwCauseIfTaggedWith(throwable, tag);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedReader.java
index 97297a9fd28..2573873d271 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TaggedReader.java
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ public class TaggedReader extends ProxyReader {
     /**
      * Constructs a tagging decorator for the given reader.
      *
-     * @param proxy reader to be decorated
+     * @param proxy reader to be decorated.
      */
     public TaggedReader(final Reader proxy) {
         super(proxy);
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public TaggedReader(final Reader proxy) {
     /**
      * Tags any IOExceptions thrown, wrapping and re-throwing.
      *
-     * @param e The IOException thrown
+     * @param e The IOException thrown.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ protected void handleIOException(final IOException e) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests if the given exception was caused by this reader.
      *
-     * @param exception an exception
-     * @return {@code true} if the exception was thrown by this reader, {@code false} otherwise
+     * @param exception an exception.
+     * @return {@code true} if the exception was thrown by this reader, {@code false} otherwise.
      */
     public boolean isCauseOf(final Throwable exception) {
         return TaggedIOException.isTaggedWith(exception, tag);
@@ -107,8 +107,8 @@ public boolean isCauseOf(final Throwable exception) {
      * {@link TaggedIOException} wrapper created by this decorator, and then unwraps and throws the original wrapped
      * exception. Returns normally if the exception was not thrown by this reader.
      *
-     * @param throwable an exception
-     * @throws IOException original exception, if any, thrown by this reader
+     * @param throwable an exception.
+     * @throws IOException original exception, if any, thrown by this reader.
      */
     public void throwIfCauseOf(final Throwable throwable) throws IOException {
         TaggedIOException.throwCauseIfTaggedWith(throwable, tag);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
index 620ba6febcd..2a631d89351 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
@@ -275,7 +275,7 @@ protected Builder setOrigin(final AbstractOrigin<?, ?> origin) {
         /**
          * Sets the re-open behavior.
          *
-         * @param reOpen whether to close/reopen the file between chunks
+         * @param reOpen whether to close/reopen the file between chunks.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          */
         public Builder setReOpen(final boolean reOpen) {
@@ -740,12 +740,12 @@ private Tailer(final Builder builder) {
      * Creates a Tailer for the given file, with a specified buffer size.
      *
      * @param file the file to follow.
-     * @param charset the Charset to be used for reading the file
+     * @param charset the Charset to be used for reading the file.
      * @param tailerListener the TailerListener to use.
      * @param delayMillis the delay between checks of the file for new content in milliseconds.
      * @param end Set to true to tail from the end of the file, false to tail from the beginning of the file.
-     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks
-     * @param bufSize Buffer size
+     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks.
+     * @param bufSize Buffer size.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -800,7 +800,7 @@ public Tailer(final File file, final TailerListener tailerListener, final long d
      * @param tailerListener the TailerListener to use.
      * @param delayMillis the delay between checks of the file for new content in milliseconds.
      * @param end Set to true to tail from the end of the file, false to tail from the beginning of the file.
-     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks
+     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -815,8 +815,8 @@ public Tailer(final File file, final TailerListener tailerListener, final long d
      * @param tailerListener the TailerListener to use.
      * @param delayMillis the delay between checks of the file for new content in milliseconds.
      * @param end Set to true to tail from the end of the file, false to tail from the beginning of the file.
-     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks
-     * @param bufferSize Buffer size
+     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks.
+     * @param bufferSize Buffer size.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -831,7 +831,7 @@ public Tailer(final File file, final TailerListener tailerListener, final long d
      * @param tailerListener the TailerListener to use.
      * @param delayMillis the delay between checks of the file for new content in milliseconds.
      * @param end Set to true to tail from the end of the file, false to tail from the beginning of the file.
-     * @param bufferSize Buffer size
+     * @param bufferSize Buffer size.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -843,13 +843,13 @@ public Tailer(final File file, final TailerListener tailerListener, final long d
      * Creates a Tailer for the given file, with a specified buffer size.
      *
      * @param tailable the file to follow.
-     * @param charset the Charset to be used for reading the file
+     * @param charset the Charset to be used for reading the file.
      * @param tailerListener the TailerListener to use.
      * @param delayDuration the delay between checks of the file for new content in milliseconds.
      * @param tailAtEnd Set to true to tail from the end of the file, false to tail from the beginning of the file.
-     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks
-     * @param ignoreTouch if true, file timestamp changes without content change get ignored
-     * @param bufferSize Buffer size
+     * @param reOpen if true, close and reopen the file between reading chunks.
+     * @param ignoreTouch if true, file timestamp changes without content change get ignored.
+     * @param bufferSize Buffer size.
      */
     private Tailer(final Tailable tailable, final Charset charset, final TailerListener tailerListener, final Duration delayDuration, final boolean tailAtEnd,
             final boolean reOpen, final int bufferSize, final boolean ignoreTouch) {
@@ -897,8 +897,8 @@ public Duration getDelayDuration() {
     /**
      * Gets the file.
      *
-     * @return the file
-     * @throws IllegalStateException if constructed using a user provided {@link Tailable} implementation
+     * @return the file.
+     * @throws IllegalStateException if constructed using a user provided {@link Tailable} implementation.
      */
     public File getFile() {
         if (tailable instanceof TailablePath) {
@@ -920,7 +920,7 @@ protected boolean getRun() {
     /**
      * Gets the Tailable.
      *
-     * @return the Tailable
+     * @return the Tailable.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public Tailable getTailable() {
@@ -930,8 +930,8 @@ public Tailable getTailable() {
     /**
      * Reads new lines.
      *
-     * @param reader The file to read
-     * @return The new position after the lines have been read
+     * @param reader The file to read.
+     * @return The new position after the lines have been read.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private long readLines(final RandomAccessResourceBridge reader) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeInputStream.java
index 1949f977e09..0c852cd5f88 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeInputStream.java
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ public class TeeInputStream extends ProxyInputStream {
      * and copies all read bytes to the given {@link OutputStream}. The given
      * output stream will not be closed when this stream gets closed.
      *
-     * @param input input stream to be proxied
-     * @param branch output stream that will receive a copy of all bytes read
+     * @param input input stream to be proxied.
+     * @param branch output stream that will receive a copy of all bytes read.
      */
     public TeeInputStream(final InputStream input, final OutputStream branch) {
         this(input, branch, false);
@@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ public TeeInputStream(final InputStream input, final OutputStream branch) {
      * output stream will be closed when this stream gets closed if the
      * closeBranch parameter is {@code true}.
      *
-     * @param input input stream to be proxied
-     * @param branch output stream that will receive a copy of all bytes read
+     * @param input input stream to be proxied.
+     * @param branch output stream that will receive a copy of all bytes read.
      * @param closeBranch flag for closing also the output stream when this
-     *                    stream is closed
+     *                    stream is closed.
      */
     public TeeInputStream(
             final InputStream input, final OutputStream branch, final boolean closeBranch) {
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ public TeeInputStream(
      * output stream. An exception thrown from one stream will not prevent
      * closing of the other stream.
      *
-     * @throws IOException if either of the streams could not be closed
+     * @throws IOException if either of the streams could not be closed.
      */
     @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
@@ -102,8 +102,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * Reads a single byte from the proxied input stream and writes it to
      * the associated output stream.
      *
-     * @return next byte from the stream, or -1 if the stream has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written)
+     * @return next byte from the stream, or -1 if the stream has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
@@ -118,9 +118,9 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
      * Reads bytes from the proxied input stream and writes the read bytes
      * to the associated output stream.
      *
-     * @param bts byte buffer
-     * @return number of bytes read, or -1 if the stream has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written)
+     * @param bts byte buffer.
+     * @return number of bytes read, or -1 if the stream has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final byte[] bts) throws IOException {
@@ -135,11 +135,11 @@ public int read(final byte[] bts) throws IOException {
      * Reads bytes from the proxied input stream and writes the read bytes
      * to the associated output stream.
      *
-     * @param bts byte buffer
-     * @param st start offset within the buffer
-     * @param end maximum number of bytes to read
-     * @return number of bytes read, or -1 if the stream has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written)
+     * @param bts byte buffer.
+     * @param st start offset within the buffer.
+     * @param end maximum number of bytes to read.
+     * @return number of bytes read, or -1 if the stream has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the stream could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final byte[] bts, final int st, final int end) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeReader.java
index 72fa4ecb2f5..892f1d575bf 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TeeReader.java
@@ -50,8 +50,8 @@ public class TeeReader extends ProxyReader {
      * Constructs a TeeReader that proxies the given {@link Reader} and copies all read characters to the given
      * {@link Writer}. The given writer will not be closed when this reader gets closed.
      *
-     * @param input  reader to be proxied
-     * @param branch writer that will receive a copy of all characters read
+     * @param input  reader to be proxied.
+     * @param branch writer that will receive a copy of all characters read.
      */
     public TeeReader(final Reader input, final Writer branch) {
         this(input, branch, false);
@@ -62,9 +62,9 @@ public TeeReader(final Reader input, final Writer branch) {
      * {@link Writer}. The given writer will be closed when this reader gets closed if the closeBranch parameter is
      * {@code true}.
      *
-     * @param input       reader to be proxied
-     * @param branch      writer that will receive a copy of all characters read
-     * @param closeBranch flag for closing also the writer when this reader is closed
+     * @param input       reader to be proxied.
+     * @param branch      writer that will receive a copy of all characters read.
+     * @param closeBranch flag for closing also the writer when this reader is closed.
      */
     public TeeReader(final Reader input, final Writer branch, final boolean closeBranch) {
         super(input);
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public TeeReader(final Reader input, final Writer branch, final boolean closeBra
      * Closes the proxied reader and, if so configured, the associated writer. An exception thrown from the reader will
      * not prevent closing of the writer.
      *
-     * @throws IOException if either the reader or writer could not be closed
+     * @throws IOException if either the reader or writer could not be closed.
      */
     @Override
     public void close() throws IOException {
@@ -92,8 +92,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads a single character from the proxied reader and writes it to the associated writer.
      *
-     * @return next character from the reader, or -1 if the reader has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written)
+     * @return next character from the reader, or -1 if the reader has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
@@ -107,9 +107,9 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads characters from the proxied reader and writes the read characters to the associated writer.
      *
-     * @param chr character buffer
-     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written)
+     * @param chr character buffer.
+     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final char[] chr) throws IOException {
@@ -123,11 +123,11 @@ public int read(final char[] chr) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Reads characters from the proxied reader and writes the read characters to the associated writer.
      *
-     * @param chr character buffer
-     * @param st  start offset within the buffer
-     * @param end maximum number of characters to read
-     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written)
+     * @param chr character buffer.
+     * @param st  start offset within the buffer.
+     * @param end maximum number of characters to read.
+     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final char[] chr, final int st, final int end) throws IOException {
@@ -141,9 +141,9 @@ public int read(final char[] chr, final int st, final int end) throws IOExceptio
     /**
      * Reads characters from the proxied reader and writes the read characters to the associated writer.
      *
-     * @param target character buffer
-     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended
-     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written)
+     * @param target character buffer.
+     * @return number of characters read, or -1 if the reader has ended.
+     * @throws IOException if the reader could not be read (or written).
      */
     @Override
     public int read(final CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
index b081db3c6e5..9b670bdae10 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public ThrottledInputStream get() throws IOException {
          * To test idle timeouts for example, use 1 byte per minute, 1 byte per 30 seconds, and so on.
          * </p>
          *
-         * @param value the maximum bytes
+         * @param value the maximum bytes.
          * @param chronoUnit a duration scale goal.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          * @throws IllegalArgumentException Thrown if maxBytesPerSecond &lt;= 0.
@@ -151,7 +151,7 @@ public Builder setMaxBytes(final long value, final ChronoUnit chronoUnit) {
          * To test idle timeouts for example, use 1 byte per minute, 1 byte per 30 seconds, and so on.
          * </p>
          *
-         * @param value the maximum bytes
+         * @param value the maximum bytes.
          * @param duration a duration goal.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          * @throws IllegalArgumentException Thrown if maxBytesPerSecond &lt;= 0.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UncheckedFilterInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UncheckedFilterInputStream.java
index ac6e003ab1f..eb6cf216251 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UncheckedFilterInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UncheckedFilterInputStream.java
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public static Builder builder() {
      * Constructs a {@link UncheckedFilterInputStream}.
      *
      * @param builder A builder providing the underlying input stream.
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // caller closes
     private UncheckedFilterInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
index 3d0400fca71..bfd0a0f632c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
@@ -43,8 +43,8 @@ public class UnixLineEndingInputStream extends InputStream {
     /**
      * Constructs an input stream that filters another stream
      *
-     * @param inputStream                        The input stream to wrap
-     * @param ensureLineFeedAtEndOfFile true to ensure that the file ends with LF
+     * @param inputStream                        The input stream to wrap.
+     * @param ensureLineFeedAtEndOfFile true to ensure that the file ends with LF.
      */
     public UnixLineEndingInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final boolean ensureLineFeedAtEndOfFile) {
         this.in = inputStream;
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public synchronized int read() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Reads the next item from the target, updating internal flags in the process
-     * @return the next int read from the target stream
+     * @return the next int read from the target stream.
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private int readWithUpdate() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsupportedOperationExceptions.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsupportedOperationExceptions.java
index 63874faabb7..fea13e7c4cc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsupportedOperationExceptions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsupportedOperationExceptions.java
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ final class UnsupportedOperationExceptions {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException for a {@code mark} method.
      *
-     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException
+     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException.
      */
     static UnsupportedOperationException mark() {
         // Use the same message as in java.io.InputStream.reset() in OpenJDK 8.0.275-1.
@@ -41,8 +41,8 @@ static UnsupportedOperationException mark() {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException for the given unsupported a {@code method} name.
      *
-     * @param method A method name
-     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException
+     * @param method A method name.
+     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException.
      */
     static UnsupportedOperationException method(final String method) {
         return new UnsupportedOperationException(method + " not supported");
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ static UnsupportedOperationException method(final String method) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException for a {@code reset} method.
      *
-     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException
+     * @return a new instance of UnsupportedOperationException.
      */
     static UnsupportedOperationException reset() {
         // Use the same message as in java.io.InputStream.reset() in OpenJDK 8.0.275-1.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReader.java
index bde55873f24..b5484116c32 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedReader.java
@@ -212,8 +212,8 @@ public boolean markSupported() {
     /**
      * Returns the next character in the current reader without consuming it. So the next call to {@link #read()} will still return this value.
      *
-     * @return the next character
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @return the next character.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public int peek() throws IOException {
         mark(1);
@@ -227,8 +227,8 @@ public int peek() throws IOException {
      * still return the next value.
      *
      * @param buf the buffer to fill for the look ahead.
-     * @return the buffer itself
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @return the buffer itself.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     public int peek(final char[] buf) throws IOException {
         final int n = buf.length;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.java
index a56dec7206c..95f0805e21b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.java
@@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ private UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOExcep
     /**
      * Constructs a new byte array input stream.
      *
-     * @param data the buffer
+     * @param data the buffer.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -224,9 +224,9 @@ public UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream(final byte[] data) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new byte array input stream.
      *
-     * @param data   the buffer
-     * @param offset the offset into the buffer
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the offset is less than zero
+     * @param data   the buffer.
+     * @param offset the offset into the buffer.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the offset is less than zero.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -237,10 +237,10 @@ public UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream(final byte[] data, final int offset) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new byte array input stream.
      *
-     * @param data   the buffer
-     * @param offset the offset into the buffer
-     * @param length the length of the buffer
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the offset or length less than zero
+     * @param data   the buffer.
+     * @param offset the offset into the buffer.
+     * @param length the length of the buffer.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the offset or length less than zero.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
index e438c940487..94b2de54c79 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -277,8 +277,8 @@ public static Builder builder() {
     /**
      * Gets the charset parameter value, {@code null} if not present, {@code null} if httpContentType is {@code null}.
      *
-     * @param httpContentType the HTTP content type
-     * @return The content type encoding (upcased)
+     * @param httpContentType the HTTP content type.
+     * @return The content type encoding (upcased).
      */
     static String getContentTypeEncoding(final String httpContentType) {
         String encoding = null;
@@ -297,8 +297,8 @@ static String getContentTypeEncoding(final String httpContentType) {
     /**
      * Gets the MIME type or {@code null} if httpContentType is {@code null}.
      *
-     * @param httpContentType the HTTP content type
-     * @return The mime content type
+     * @param httpContentType the HTTP content type.
+     * @return The mime content type.
      */
     static String getContentTypeMime(final String httpContentType) {
         String mime = null;
@@ -314,8 +314,8 @@ static String getContentTypeMime(final String httpContentType) {
      * Gets the encoding declared in the <?xml encoding=...?>, {@code null} if none.
      *
      * @param inputStream InputStream to create the reader from.
-     * @param guessedEnc  guessed encoding
-     * @return the encoding declared in the <?xml encoding=...?>
+     * @param guessedEnc  guessed encoding.
+     * @return the encoding declared in the <?xml encoding=...?>.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     private static String getXmlProlog(final InputStream inputStream, final String guessedEnc) throws IOException {
@@ -360,8 +360,8 @@ private static String getXmlProlog(final InputStream inputStream, final String g
     /**
      * Tests if the MIME type belongs to the APPLICATION XML family.
      *
-     * @param mime The mime type
-     * @return true if the mime type belongs to the APPLICATION XML family, otherwise false
+     * @param mime The mime type.
+     * @return true if the mime type belongs to the APPLICATION XML family, otherwise false.
      */
     static boolean isAppXml(final String mime) {
         return mime != null && (mime.equals("application/xml") || mime.equals("application/xml-dtd") || mime.equals("application/xml-external-parsed-entity")
@@ -371,8 +371,8 @@ static boolean isAppXml(final String mime) {
     /**
      * Tests if the MIME type belongs to the TEXT XML family.
      *
-     * @param mime The mime type
-     * @return true if the mime type belongs to the TEXT XML family, otherwise false
+     * @param mime The mime type.
+     * @return true if the mime type belongs to the TEXT XML family, otherwise false.
      */
     static boolean isTextXml(final String mime) {
         return mime != null && (mime.equals("text/xml") || mime.equals("text/xml-external-parsed-entity") || mime.startsWith("text/") && mime.endsWith("+xml"));
@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final InputStream inputStream, final boolean lenient) thr
      *
      * @param inputStream     InputStream to create a Reader from.
      * @param lenient         indicates if the charset encoding detection should be relaxed.
-     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding
+     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding.
      * @throws NullPointerException     if the input stream is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException              thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      * @throws XmlStreamReaderException thrown if the charset encoding could not be determined according to the specification.
@@ -588,7 +588,7 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final InputStream inputStream, final String httpContentTy
      * @param inputStream     InputStream to create the reader from.
      * @param httpContentType content-type header to use for the resolution of the charset encoding.
      * @param lenient         indicates if the charset encoding detection should be relaxed.
-     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding
+     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding.
      * @throws NullPointerException     if the input stream is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException              thrown if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @throws XmlStreamReaderException thrown if the charset encoding could not be determined according to the specification.
@@ -661,7 +661,7 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final URL url) throws IOException {
      * </p>
      *
      * @param urlConnection   URLConnection to create a Reader from.
-     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding
+     * @param defaultEncoding The default encoding.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is {@code null}.
      * @throws IOException          thrown if there is a problem reading the stream of the URLConnection.
      */
@@ -695,12 +695,12 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final URLConnection urlConnection, final String defaultEn
 
     /**
      * Calculates the HTTP encoding.
-     * @param bomEnc          BOM encoding
-     * @param xmlGuessEnc     XML Guess encoding
-     * @param xmlEnc          XML encoding
+     * @param bomEnc          BOM encoding.
+     * @param xmlGuessEnc     XML Guess encoding.
+     * @param xmlEnc          XML encoding.
      * @param lenient         indicates if the charset encoding detection should be relaxed.
-     * @param httpContentType The HTTP content type
-     * @return the HTTP encoding
+     * @param httpContentType The HTTP content type.
+     * @return the HTTP encoding.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     String calculateHttpEncoding(final String bomEnc, final String xmlGuessEnc, final String xmlEnc, final boolean lenient, final String httpContentType)
@@ -773,10 +773,10 @@ String calculateHttpEncoding(final String bomEnc, final String xmlGuessEnc, fina
     /**
      * Calculate the raw encoding.
      *
-     * @param bomEnc      BOM encoding
-     * @param xmlGuessEnc XML Guess encoding
-     * @param xmlEnc      XML encoding
-     * @return the raw encoding
+     * @param bomEnc      BOM encoding.
+     * @param xmlGuessEnc XML Guess encoding.
+     * @param xmlEnc      XML encoding.
+     * @return the raw encoding.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     String calculateRawEncoding(final String bomEnc, final String xmlGuessEnc, final String xmlEnc) throws IOException {
@@ -850,8 +850,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
      * Does lenient detection.
      *
      * @param httpContentType content-type header to use for the resolution of the charset encoding.
-     * @param ex              The thrown exception
-     * @return the encoding
+     * @param ex              The thrown exception.
+     * @return the encoding.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     private String doLenientDetection(String httpContentType, XmlStreamReaderException ex) throws IOException {
@@ -898,10 +898,10 @@ public String getEncoding() {
     /**
      * Process the raw stream.
      *
-     * @param bomInput     BOMInputStream to detect byte order marks
-     * @param piInput     BOMInputStream to guess XML encoding
+     * @param bomInput     BOMInputStream to detect byte order marks.
+     * @param piInput     BOMInputStream to guess XML encoding.
      * @param lenient indicates if the charset encoding detection should be relaxed.
-     * @return the encoding to be used
+     * @return the encoding to be used.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     private String processHttpStream(final BOMInputStream bomInput, final BOMInputStream piInput, final boolean lenient) throws IOException {
@@ -921,11 +921,11 @@ private String processHttpStream(final BOMInputStream bomInput, final BOMInputSt
     /**
      * Processes an HTTP stream.
      *
-     * @param bomInput        BOMInputStream to detect byte order marks
-     * @param piInput         BOMInputStream to guess XML encoding
+     * @param bomInput        BOMInputStream to detect byte order marks.
+     * @param piInput         BOMInputStream to guess XML encoding.
      * @param lenient         indicates if the charset encoding detection should be relaxed.
-     * @param httpContentType The HTTP content type
-     * @return the encoding to be used
+     * @param httpContentType The HTTP content type.
+     * @return the encoding to be used.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the stream.
      */
     private String processHttpStream(final BOMInputStream bomInput, final BOMInputStream piInput, final boolean lenient, final String httpContentType)
@@ -946,10 +946,10 @@ private String processHttpStream(final BOMInputStream bomInput, final BOMInputSt
     /**
      * Reads the underlying reader's {@code read(char[], int, int)} method.
      *
-     * @param buf    the buffer to read the characters into
-     * @param offset The start offset
-     * @param len    The number of bytes to read
-     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream
+     * @param buf    the buffer to read the characters into.
+     * @param offset The start offset.
+     * @param len    The number of bytes to read.
+     * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularBufferInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularBufferInputStream.java
index b92163478d0..cea865ae066 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularBufferInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularBufferInputStream.java
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ protected void fillBuffer() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Fills the buffer from the input stream until the given number of bytes have been added to the buffer.
      *
-     * @param count number of byte to fill into the buffer
-     * @return true if the buffer has bytes
+     * @param count number of byte to fill into the buffer.
+     * @return true if the buffer has bytes.
      * @throws IOException in case of an error while reading from the input stream.
      */
     protected boolean haveBytes(final int count) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularByteBuffer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularByteBuffer.java
index 43c8e71bd4a..64780b7c709 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularByteBuffer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/CircularByteBuffer.java
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public CircularByteBuffer() {
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance with the given buffer size.
      *
-     * @param size the size of buffer to create
+     * @param size the size of buffer to create.
      */
     public CircularByteBuffer(final int size) {
         buffer = IOUtils.byteArray(size);
@@ -79,9 +79,9 @@ public void add(final byte value) {
      * for the bytes at offsets {@code offset+0}, {@code offset+1}, ...,
      * {@code offset+length-1} of byte array {@code targetBuffer}.
      *
-     * @param targetBuffer the buffer to copy
-     * @param offset start offset
-     * @param length length to copy
+     * @param targetBuffer the buffer to copy.
+     * @param offset start offset.
+     * @param length length to copy.
      * @throws IllegalStateException    The buffer doesn't have sufficient space. Use
      *                                  {@link #getSpace()} to prevent this exception.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException Either of {@code offset}, or {@code length} is negative.
@@ -119,7 +119,7 @@ public void clear() {
     /**
      * Gets the number of bytes, that are currently present in the buffer.
      *
-     * @return the number of bytes
+     * @return the number of bytes.
      */
     public int getCurrentNumberOfBytes() {
         return currentNumberOfBytes;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public int getCurrentNumberOfBytes() {
     /**
      * Gets the number of bytes, that can currently be added to the buffer.
      *
-     * @return the number of bytes that can be added
+     * @return the number of bytes that can be added.
      */
     public int getSpace() {
         return buffer.length - currentNumberOfBytes;
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ public boolean hasSpace() {
     /**
      * Tests whether there is currently room for the given number of bytes in the buffer.
      *
-     * @param count the byte count
+     * @param count the byte count.
      * @return true whether there is currently room for the given number of bytes in the buffer.
      * @see #hasSpace()
      * @see #getSpace()
@@ -173,9 +173,9 @@ public boolean hasSpace(final int count) {
      * removed from the buffer. If the result is true, then the following invocations
      * of {@link #read()} are guaranteed to return exactly those bytes.
      *
-     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against
-     * @param offset start offset
-     * @param length length to compare
+     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against.
+     * @param offset start offset.
+     * @param length length to compare.
      * @return True, if the next invocations of {@link #read()} will return the
      * bytes at offsets {@code sourceBuffer}+0, {@code offset}+1, ...,
      * {@code offset}+{@code length}-1 of byte array {@code sourceBuffer}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/PeekableInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/PeekableInputStream.java
index ec96054fc43..8bb0f7c7158 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/PeekableInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/buffer/PeekableInputStream.java
@@ -53,8 +53,8 @@ public PeekableInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final int bufferSize)
      * Returns whether the next bytes in the buffer are as given by {@code sourceBuffer}. This is equivalent to
      * {@link #peek(byte[], int, int)} with {@code offset} == 0, and {@code length} == {@code sourceBuffer.length}
      *
-     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against
-     * @return true if the next bytes are as given
+     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against.
+     * @return true if the next bytes are as given.
      * @throws IOException Refilling the buffer failed.
      */
     public boolean peek(final byte[] sourceBuffer) throws IOException {
@@ -66,11 +66,11 @@ public boolean peek(final byte[] sourceBuffer) throws IOException {
      * Returns whether the next bytes in the buffer are as given by {@code sourceBuffer}, {code offset}, and
      * {@code length}.
      *
-     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against
-     * @param offset the start offset
-     * @param length the length to compare
-     * @return true if the next bytes in the buffer are as given
-     * @throws IOException if there is a problem calling fillBuffer()
+     * @param sourceBuffer the buffer to compare against.
+     * @param offset the start offset.
+     * @param length the length to compare.
+     * @return true if the next bytes in the buffer are as given.
+     * @throws IOException if there is a problem calling fillBuffer().
      */
     public boolean peek(final byte[] sourceBuffer, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(sourceBuffer, "sourceBuffer");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListener.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListener.java
index ce64c8d4ed4..b7bf2a0cdb4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListener.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListener.java
@@ -31,56 +31,56 @@ public interface FileAlterationListener {
     /**
      * Directory changed Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory changed
+     * @param directory The directory changed.
      */
     void onDirectoryChange(File directory);
 
     /**
      * Directory created Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory created
+     * @param directory The directory created.
      */
     void onDirectoryCreate(File directory);
 
     /**
      * Directory deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory deleted
+     * @param directory The directory deleted.
      */
     void onDirectoryDelete(File directory);
 
     /**
      * File changed Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file changed
+     * @param file The file changed.
      */
     void onFileChange(File file);
 
     /**
      * File created Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file created
+     * @param file The file created.
      */
     void onFileCreate(File file);
 
     /**
      * File deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file deleted
+     * @param file The file deleted.
      */
     void onFileDelete(File file);
 
     /**
      * File system observer started checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer
+     * @param observer The file system observer.
      */
     void onStart(FileAlterationObserver observer);
 
     /**
      * File system observer finished checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer
+     * @param observer The file system observer.
      */
     void onStop(FileAlterationObserver observer);
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListenerAdaptor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListenerAdaptor.java
index 0b54bbd6723..c676470fa31 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListenerAdaptor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationListenerAdaptor.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public FileAlterationListenerAdaptor() {
     /**
      * Directory changed Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory changed (ignored)
+     * @param directory The directory changed (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryChange(final File directory) {
@@ -46,7 +46,7 @@ public void onDirectoryChange(final File directory) {
     /**
      * Directory created Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory created (ignored)
+     * @param directory The directory created (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryCreate(final File directory) {
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ public void onDirectoryCreate(final File directory) {
     /**
      * Directory deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory deleted (ignored)
+     * @param directory The directory deleted (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryDelete(final File directory) {
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ public void onDirectoryDelete(final File directory) {
     /**
      * File changed Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file changed (ignored)
+     * @param file The file changed (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileChange(final File file) {
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ public void onFileChange(final File file) {
     /**
      * File created Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file created (ignored)
+     * @param file The file created (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileCreate(final File file) {
@@ -86,7 +86,7 @@ public void onFileCreate(final File file) {
     /**
      * File deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file deleted (ignored)
+     * @param file The file deleted (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileDelete(final File file) {
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public void onFileDelete(final File file) {
     /**
      * File system observer started checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer (ignored)
+     * @param observer The file system observer (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onStart(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
@@ -106,7 +106,7 @@ public void onStart(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
     /**
      * File system observer finished checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer (ignored)
+     * @param observer The file system observer (ignored).
      */
     @Override
     public void onStop(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
index 394e7aca661..77f7fa56b02 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ public FileAlterationMonitor(final long interval, final FileAlterationObserver..
     /**
      * Adds a file system observer to this monitor.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer to add
+     * @param observer The file system observer to add.
      */
     public void addObserver(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
         if (observer != null) {
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ public void addObserver(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
     /**
      * Returns the interval.
      *
-     * @return the interval
+     * @return the interval.
      */
     public long getInterval() {
         return intervalMillis;
@@ -128,7 +128,7 @@ public Iterable<FileAlterationObserver> getObservers() {
     /**
      * Removes a file system observer from this monitor.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer to remove
+     * @param observer The file system observer to remove.
      */
     public void removeObserver(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
         if (observer != null) {
@@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ public void run() {
     /**
      * Sets the thread factory.
      *
-     * @param threadFactory the thread factory
+     * @param threadFactory the thread factory.
      */
     public synchronized void setThreadFactory(final ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
         this.threadFactory = threadFactory;
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ public synchronized void setThreadFactory(final ThreadFactory threadFactory) {
     /**
      * Starts monitoring.
      *
-     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer
+     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer.
      */
     public synchronized void start() throws Exception {
         if (running) {
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ public synchronized void start() throws Exception {
     /**
      * Stops monitoring.
      *
-     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer
+     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer.
      */
     public synchronized void stop() throws Exception {
         stop(intervalMillis);
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ public synchronized void stop() throws Exception {
      *
      * @param stopInterval the amount of time in milliseconds to wait for the thread to finish.
      * A value of zero will wait until the thread is finished (see {@link Thread#join(long)}).
-     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer
+     * @throws Exception if an error occurs initializing the observer.
      * @since 2.1
      */
     public synchronized void stop(final long stopInterval) throws Exception {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationObserver.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationObserver.java
index 277d80cb71e..282f1652d95 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationObserver.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationObserver.java
@@ -501,7 +501,7 @@ public FileFilter getFileFilter() {
     /**
      * Returns the set of registered file system listeners.
      *
-     * @return The file system listeners
+     * @return The file system listeners.
      */
     public Iterable<FileAlterationListener> getListeners() {
         return new ArrayList<>(listeners);
@@ -533,7 +533,7 @@ private FileEntry[] listFileEntries(final File file, final FileEntry entry) {
      * Lists the contents of a directory.
      *
      * @param directory The directory to list.
-     * @return the directory contents or a zero length array if the empty or the file is not a directory
+     * @return the directory contents or a zero length array if the empty or the file is not a directory.
      */
     private File[] listFiles(final File directory) {
         return directory.isDirectory() ? sort(directory.listFiles(fileFilter)) : FileUtils.EMPTY_FILE_ARRAY;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
index d1e07fb885c..e4487173798 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ public class FileEntry implements Serializable {
     /**
      * Constructs a new monitor for a specified {@link File}.
      *
-     * @param file The file being monitored
+     * @param file The file being monitored.
      */
     public FileEntry(final File file) {
         this(null, file);
@@ -107,7 +107,7 @@ public FileEntry(final FileEntry parent, final File file) {
      *
      * @return This directory's files or an empty
      * array if the file is not a directory or the
-     * directory is empty
+     * directory is empty.
      */
     public FileEntry[] getChildren() {
         return children != null ? children : EMPTY_FILE_ENTRY_ARRAY;
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ public FileEntry[] getChildren() {
     /**
      * Gets the file being monitored.
      *
-     * @return the file being monitored
+     * @return the file being monitored.
      */
     public File getFile() {
         return file;
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ public FileTime getLastModifiedFileTime() {
     /**
      * Gets the length.
      *
-     * @return the length
+     * @return the length.
      */
     public long getLength() {
         return length;
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public long getLength() {
     /**
      * Gets the level
      *
-     * @return the level
+     * @return the level.
      */
     public int getLevel() {
         return parent == null ? 0 : parent.getLevel() + 1;
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ public int getLevel() {
     /**
      * Gets the file name.
      *
-     * @return the file name
+     * @return the file name.
      */
     public String getName() {
         return name;
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ public String getName() {
     /**
      * Gets the parent entry.
      *
-     * @return the parent entry
+     * @return the parent entry.
      */
     public FileEntry getParent() {
         return parent;
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ public FileEntry getParent() {
     /**
      * Tests whether the file is a directory or not.
      *
-     * @return whether the file is a directory or not
+     * @return whether the file is a directory or not.
      */
     public boolean isDirectory() {
         return directory;
@@ -191,7 +191,7 @@ public boolean isDirectory() {
      * Tests whether the file existed the last time it
      * was checked.
      *
-     * @return whether the file existed
+     * @return whether the file existed.
      */
     public boolean isExists() {
         return exists;
@@ -204,8 +204,8 @@ public boolean isExists() {
      * a new instance of the appropriate type.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file The child file
-     * @return a new child instance
+     * @param file The child file.
+     * @return a new child instance.
      */
     public FileEntry newChildInstance(final File file) {
         return new FileEntry(this, file);
@@ -224,8 +224,8 @@ public FileEntry newChildInstance(final File file) {
      * and {@code length} properties are compared for changes
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param file the file instance to compare to
-     * @return {@code true} if the file has changed, otherwise {@code false}
+     * @param file the file instance to compare to.
+     * @return {@code true} if the file has changed, otherwise {@code false}.
      */
     public boolean refresh(final File file) {
         // cache original values
@@ -253,7 +253,7 @@ public boolean refresh(final File file) {
     /**
      * Sets the directory's files.
      *
-     * @param children This directory's files, may be null
+     * @param children This directory's files, may be null.
      */
     public void setChildren(final FileEntry... children) {
         this.children = children;
@@ -262,7 +262,7 @@ public void setChildren(final FileEntry... children) {
     /**
      * Sets whether the file is a directory or not.
      *
-     * @param directory whether the file is a directory or not
+     * @param directory whether the file is a directory or not.
      */
     public void setDirectory(final boolean directory) {
         this.directory = directory;
@@ -272,7 +272,7 @@ public void setDirectory(final boolean directory) {
      * Sets whether the file existed the last time it
      * was checked.
      *
-     * @param exists whether the file exists or not
+     * @param exists whether the file exists or not.
      */
     public void setExists(final boolean exists) {
         this.exists = exists;
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ void setLastModified(final SerializableFileTime lastModified) {
     /**
      * Sets the length.
      *
-     * @param length the length
+     * @param length the length.
      */
     public void setLength(final long length) {
         this.length = length;
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ public void setLength(final long length) {
     /**
      * Sets the file name.
      *
-     * @param name the file name
+     * @param name the file name.
      */
     public void setName(final String name) {
         this.name = name;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
index fe54f5a7960..78c20d15100 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AbstractByteArrayOutputStream.java
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@
  * ignored.
  * </p>
  *
- * @param <T> The AbstractByteArrayOutputStream subclass
+ * @param <T> The AbstractByteArrayOutputStream subclass.
  * @since 2.7
  */
 public abstract class AbstractByteArrayOutputStream<T extends AbstractByteArrayOutputStream<T>> extends OutputStream {
@@ -110,7 +110,7 @@ public AbstractByteArrayOutputStream() {
     /**
      * Returns this instance typed to {@code T}.
      *
-     * @return {@code this} instance
+     * @return {@code this} instance.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     protected T asThis() {
@@ -349,7 +349,7 @@ public T write(final CharSequence data, final Charset charset) {
      * this stream.
      *
      * @param in the input stream to read from.
-     * @return total number of bytes read from the input stream (and written to this stream)
+     * @return total number of bytes read from the input stream (and written to this stream).
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs while reading the input stream.
      * @since 1.4
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableOutputStream.java
index e8320d99d64..ed7727969b9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableOutputStream.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ public class AppendableOutputStream <T extends Appendable> extends OutputStream
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance with the specified appendable.
      *
-     * @param appendable the appendable to write to
+     * @param appendable the appendable to write to.
      */
     public AppendableOutputStream(final T appendable) {
         this.appendable = appendable;
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public AppendableOutputStream(final T appendable) {
     /**
      * Gets the target appendable.
      *
-     * @return the target appendable
+     * @return the target appendable.
      */
     public T getAppendable() {
         return appendable;
@@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ public T getAppendable() {
     /**
      * Writes a character to the underlying appendable.
      *
-     * @param b the character to write
+     * @param b the character to write.
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableWriter.java
index b1ace0b908c..4ac262ccea0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/AppendableWriter.java
@@ -75,10 +75,10 @@ public Writer append(final CharSequence csq) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Appends a subsequence of the specified character sequence to the underlying appendable.
      *
-     * @param csq   the character sequence from which a subsequence will be appended
-     * @param start the index of the first character in the subsequence
-     * @param end   the index of the character following the last character in the subsequence
-     * @return this writer
+     * @param csq   the character sequence from which a subsequence will be appended.
+     * @param start the index of the first character in the subsequence.
+     * @param end   the index of the character following the last character in the subsequence.
+     * @return this writer.
      * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException If {@code start} or {@code end} are negative, {@code start} is greater than
      *                                   {@code end}, or {@code end} is greater than {@code csq.length()}.
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ByteArrayOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ByteArrayOutputStream.java
index 48fb793669b..fa643b66fc0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ByteArrayOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ByteArrayOutputStream.java
@@ -95,8 +95,8 @@ public ByteArrayOutputStream() {
      * Constructs a new byte array output stream, with a buffer capacity of
      * the specified size, in bytes.
      *
-     * @param size  the initial size
-     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if size is negative
+     * @param size  the initial size.
+     * @throws IllegalArgumentException if size is negative.
      */
     public ByteArrayOutputStream(final int size) {
         if (size < 0) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStream.java
index 2588264e172..4cef36c3b4d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStream.java
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ public ChunkedOutputStream(final OutputStream stream) {
     /**
      * Constructs a new stream that uses the specified chunk size.
      *
-     * @param stream    the stream to wrap
+     * @param stream    the stream to wrap.
      * @param chunkSize the chunk size to use; must be a positive number.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the chunk size is &lt;= 0.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/CloseShieldOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/CloseShieldOutputStream.java
index cefa71ad41f..876f3e5b7dc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/CloseShieldOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/CloseShieldOutputStream.java
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ public class CloseShieldOutputStream extends ProxyOutputStream {
      * Constructs a proxy that shields the given output stream from being closed.
      *
      * @param outputStream the output stream to wrap.
-     * @return the created proxy
+     * @return the created proxy.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static CloseShieldOutputStream wrap(final OutputStream outputStream) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedOutputStream.java
index c7216ce6f90..664df91028d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedOutputStream.java
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ public ClosedOutputStream() {
     /**
      * Throws an {@link IOException} to indicate that the stream is closed.
      *
-     * @throws IOException always thrown
+     * @throws IOException always thrown.
      */
     @Override
     public void flush() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
index c4e1d93b93c..550b9daf523 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Throws an {@link IOException} to indicate that the stream is closed.
      *
-     * @throws IOException always thrown
+     * @throws IOException always thrown.
      */
     @Override
     public void flush() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/NullWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/NullWriter.java
index 635ffb044a6..e43b6427c75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/NullWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/NullWriter.java
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public Writer append(final char c) {
      * Does nothing, like writing to {@code /dev/null}.
      *
      * @param csq The character sequence to write.
-     * @return this writer
+     * @return this writer.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
index ac88f4c6943..cf82a1b2e61 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
@@ -51,8 +51,8 @@ public ProxyWriter(final Writer delegate) {
      * The default implementation does nothing.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param n number of chars written
-     * @throws IOException if the post-processing fails
+     * @param n number of chars written.
+     * @throws IOException if the post-processing fails.
      * @since 2.0
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/TeeOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/TeeOutputStream.java
index 72a1eb9e4c6..59f70ffaafd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/TeeOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/TeeOutputStream.java
@@ -35,8 +35,8 @@ public class TeeOutputStream extends ProxyOutputStream {
     /**
      * Constructs a TeeOutputStream.
      *
-     * @param out    the main OutputStream
-     * @param branch the second OutputStream
+     * @param out    the main OutputStream.
+     * @param branch the second OutputStream.
      */
     public TeeOutputStream(final OutputStream out, final OutputStream branch) {
         super(out);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
index 9292aaf70e8..8c517d1ac0d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/WriterOutputStream.java
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ public static Builder builder() {
     /**
      * Checks if the JDK in use properly supports the given charset.
      *
-     * @param charset the charset to check the support for
+     * @param charset the charset to check the support for.
      */
     private static void checkIbmJdkWithBrokenUTF16(final Charset charset) {
         if (!StandardCharsets.UTF_16.name().equals(charset.name())) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ClassNameMatcher.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ClassNameMatcher.java
index 47103a4293d..0682c66b802 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ClassNameMatcher.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ClassNameMatcher.java
@@ -27,8 +27,8 @@ public interface ClassNameMatcher {
     /**
      * Returns {@code true} if the supplied class name matches this object's condition.
      *
-     * @param className fully qualified class name
-     * @return {@code true} if the class name matches this object's condition
+     * @param className fully qualified class name.
+     * @return {@code true} if the class name matches this object's condition.
      */
     boolean matches(String className);
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/FullClassNameMatcher.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/FullClassNameMatcher.java
index 14f725f5975..402d1adf573 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/FullClassNameMatcher.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/FullClassNameMatcher.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ final class FullClassNameMatcher implements ClassNameMatcher {
     /**
      * Constructs an object based on the specified class names.
      *
-     * @param classes a list of class names
+     * @param classes a list of class names.
      */
     FullClassNameMatcher(final String... classes) {
         classesSet = Collections.unmodifiableSet(new HashSet<>(Arrays.asList(classes)));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ObjectStreamClassPredicate.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ObjectStreamClassPredicate.java
index 5a3375cd72e..ffdf1a73df9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ObjectStreamClassPredicate.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ObjectStreamClassPredicate.java
@@ -55,8 +55,8 @@ public ObjectStreamClassPredicate() {
      * The reject list takes precedence over the accept list.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param classes Classes to accept
-     * @return this object
+     * @param classes Classes to accept.
+     * @return this object.
      */
     public ObjectStreamClassPredicate accept(final Class<?>... classes) {
         Stream.of(classes).map(c -> new FullClassNameMatcher(c.getName())).forEach(acceptMatchers::add);
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public ObjectStreamClassPredicate accept(final String... patterns) {
      * The reject list takes precedence over the accept list.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param classes Classes to reject
+     * @param classes Classes to reject.
      * @return {@code this} instance.
      */
     public ObjectStreamClassPredicate reject(final Class<?>... classes) {
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ public ObjectStreamClassPredicate reject(final Class<?>... classes) {
      * The reject list takes precedence over the accept list.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param m the matcher to use
+     * @param m the matcher to use.
      * @return {@code this} instance.
      */
     public ObjectStreamClassPredicate reject(final ClassNameMatcher m) {
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public ObjectStreamClassPredicate reject(final ClassNameMatcher m) {
      * The reject list takes precedence over the accept list.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param pattern standard Java regexp
+     * @param pattern standard Java regexp.
      * @return {@code this} instance.
      */
     public ObjectStreamClassPredicate reject(final Pattern pattern) {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/RegexpClassNameMatcher.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/RegexpClassNameMatcher.java
index 7d204dfa4f7..adb76fdc511 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/RegexpClassNameMatcher.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/RegexpClassNameMatcher.java
@@ -34,8 +34,8 @@ final class RegexpClassNameMatcher implements ClassNameMatcher {
     /**
      * Constructs an object based on the specified pattern.
      *
-     * @param pattern a pattern for evaluating acceptable class names
-     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code pattern} is null
+     * @param pattern a pattern for evaluating acceptable class names.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code pattern} is null.
      */
     RegexpClassNameMatcher(final Pattern pattern) {
         this.pattern = Objects.requireNonNull(pattern, "pattern");
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ final class RegexpClassNameMatcher implements ClassNameMatcher {
     /**
      * Constructs an object based on the specified regular expression.
      *
-     * @param regex a regular expression for evaluating acceptable class names
+     * @param regex a regular expression for evaluating acceptable class names.
      */
     RegexpClassNameMatcher(final String regex) {
         this(Pattern.compile(regex));
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
index d2e51425b24..8e945578efc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/ValidatingObjectInputStream.java
@@ -119,8 +119,8 @@ public Builder() {
         /**
          * Accepts the specified classes for deserialization, unless they are otherwise rejected.
          *
-         * @param classes Classes to accept
-         * @return this object
+         * @param classes Classes to accept.
+         * @return this object.
          * @since 2.18.0
          */
         public Builder accept(final Class<?>... classes) {
@@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ public ObjectStreamClassPredicate getPredicate() {
         /**
          * Rejects the specified classes for deserialization, even if they are otherwise accepted.
          *
-         * @param classes Classes to reject
+         * @param classes Classes to reject.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          * @since 2.18.0
          */
@@ -216,7 +216,7 @@ public Builder reject(final Class<?>... classes) {
         /**
          * Rejects class names where the supplied ClassNameMatcher matches for deserialization, even if they are otherwise accepted.
          *
-         * @param matcher the matcher to use
+         * @param matcher the matcher to use.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          * @since 2.18.0
          */
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ public Builder reject(final ClassNameMatcher matcher) {
         /**
          * Rejects class names that match the supplied pattern for deserialization, even if they are otherwise accepted.
          *
-         * @param pattern standard Java regexp
+         * @param pattern standard Java regexp.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          * @since 2.18.0
          */
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@ private ValidatingObjectInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
      * Constructs an instance to deserialize the specified input stream. At least one accept method needs to be called to specify which classes can be
      * deserialized, as by default no classes are accepted.
      *
-     * @param input an input stream
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs while reading stream header
+     * @param input an input stream.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs while reading stream header.
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ private ValidatingObjectInputStream(final InputStream input, final ObjectStreamC
      * The reject list takes precedence over the accept list.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param classes Classes to accept
+     * @param classes Classes to accept.
      * @return {@code this} instance.
      */
     public ValidatingObjectInputStream accept(final Class<?>... classes) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsCopyToFileTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsCopyToFileTest.java
index f5d0773fd2f..70f97aa23cc 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsCopyToFileTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsCopyToFileTest.java
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ public void setUp() throws Exception {
     /**
      * Tests that {@code copyInputStreamToFile(InputStream, File)} closes the input stream.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      * @see FileUtils#copyInputStreamToFile(InputStream, File)
      * @see FileUtils#copyToFile(InputStream, File)
      */
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ void testCopyInputStreamToFile() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests that {@code copyToFile(InputStream, File)} does not close the input stream.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      * @see FileUtils#copyToFile(InputStream, File)
      * @see FileUtils#copyInputStreamToFile(InputStream, File)
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsDirectoryContainsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsDirectoryContainsTest.java
index b2574587719..4da1d567783 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsDirectoryContainsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsDirectoryContainsTest.java
@@ -127,8 +127,9 @@ void testFileDoesNotExist() throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Test to demonstrate a file which does not exist returns false
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * Test to demonstrate a file which does not exist returns false.
+     *
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Test
     void testFileDoesNotExistBug() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsFileNewerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsFileNewerTest.java
index 67ee8e2fd2c..6905cecdc33 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsFileNewerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsFileNewerTest.java
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ public void setUp() throws Exception {
     /**
      * Tests the {@code isFileNewer(File, *)} methods which a "normal" file.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      * @see FileUtils#isFileNewer(File, long)
      * @see FileUtils#isFileNewer(File, Date)
      * @see FileUtils#isFileNewer(File, File)
@@ -100,10 +100,10 @@ void testIsFileNewer() throws IOException {
      * <p>
      * The test is successful if the three comparisons return the specified wanted result.
      *
-     * @param description describes the tested situation
-     * @param file the file of which the last modification date is compared
-     * @param fileTime the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch
-     * @param wantedResult the expected result
+     * @param description describes the tested situation.
+     * @param file the file of which the last modification date is compared.
+     * @param fileTime the time reference measured in milliseconds since the epoch.
+     * @param wantedResult the expected result.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     protected void testIsFileNewer(final String description, final File file, final FileTime fileTime, final boolean wantedResult) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index df90ab66e11..5684bf09470 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -1916,7 +1916,7 @@ void testToCharArray_Reader() throws Exception {
      * Note, this test utilizes on {@link IOUtils#toByteArray(InputStream)} and so relies on
      * {@link #testToByteArray_InputStream()} to ensure this method functions correctly.
      *
-     * @throws Exception on error
+     * @throws Exception on error.
      */
     @Test
     void testToInputStream_CharSequence() throws Exception {
@@ -1937,7 +1937,7 @@ void testToInputStream_CharSequence() throws Exception {
      * utilizes on {@link IOUtils#toByteArray(InputStream)} and so relies on
      * {@link #testToByteArray_InputStream()} to ensure this method functions correctly.
      *
-     * @throws Exception on error
+     * @throws Exception on error.
      */
     @Test
     void testToInputStream_String() throws Exception {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIteratorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIteratorTest.java
index 1ab177e8e1c..e4f5f88a970 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIteratorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIteratorTest.java
@@ -63,9 +63,9 @@ private void assertLines(final List<String> lines, final LineIterator iterator)
     /**
      * Creates a test file with a specified number of lines.
      *
-     * @param file target file
-     * @param lineCount number of lines to create
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @param file target file.
+     * @param lineCount number of lines to create.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private List<String> createLinesFile(final File file, final int lineCount) throws IOException {
         final List<String> lines = createStringLines(lineCount);
@@ -76,10 +76,10 @@ private List<String> createLinesFile(final File file, final int lineCount) throw
     /**
      * Creates a test file with a specified number of lines.
      *
-     * @param file target file
-     * @param encoding the encoding to use while writing the lines
-     * @param lineCount number of lines to create
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @param file target file.
+     * @param encoding the encoding to use while writing the lines.
+     * @param lineCount number of lines to create.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     private List<String> createLinesFile(final File file, final String encoding, final int lineCount) throws IOException {
         final List<String> lines = createStringLines(lineCount);
@@ -90,7 +90,7 @@ private List<String> createLinesFile(final File file, final String encoding, fin
     /**
      * Creates String data lines.
      *
-     * @param lineCount number of lines to create
+     * @param lineCount number of lines to create.
      * @return a new lines list.
      */
     private List<String> createStringLines(final int lineCount) {
@@ -104,8 +104,8 @@ private List<String> createStringLines(final int lineCount) {
     /**
      * Utility method to create and test a file with a specified number of lines.
      *
-     * @param lineCount the lines to create in the test file
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while creating the file
+     * @param lineCount the lines to create in the test file.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while creating the file.
      */
     private void doTestFileWithSpecifiedLines(final int lineCount) throws IOException {
         final String encoding = UTF_8;
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempDirectory.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempDirectory.java
index bf858514bec..991a73f6793 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempDirectory.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempDirectory.java
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ public class TempDirectory extends DeletablePath {
      * @param dir See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param prefix See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param attrs See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
-     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory
+     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory.
      * @throws IOException See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
      */
     public static TempDirectory create(final Path dir, final String prefix, final FileAttribute<?>... attrs) throws IOException {
@@ -49,7 +49,7 @@ public static TempDirectory create(final Path dir, final String prefix, final Fi
      *
      * @param prefix See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param attrs See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
-     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory
+     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory.
      * @throws IOException See {@link Files#createTempDirectory(String, FileAttribute...)}.
      */
     public static TempDirectory create(final String prefix, final FileAttribute<?>... attrs) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempFile.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempFile.java
index 56e7b395a4f..7a177607da3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempFile.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/TempFile.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class TempFile extends DeletablePath {
      * @param prefix See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param suffix See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param attrs See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
-     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory
+     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory.
      * @throws IOException See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      */
     public static TempFile create(final Path dir, final String prefix, final String suffix, final FileAttribute<?>... attrs) throws IOException {
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ public static TempFile create(final Path dir, final String prefix, final String
      * @param prefix See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param suffix See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      * @param attrs See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
-     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory
+     * @return a new instance for a new temporary directory.
      * @throws IOException See {@link Files#createTempFile(Path, String, String, FileAttribute...)}.
      */
     public static TempFile create(final String prefix, final String suffix, final FileAttribute<?>... attrs) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilterTest.java
index 1734969bd6e..f112b5dad03 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/RegexFileFilterTest.java
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ void testRegexEdgeCases() {
     /**
      * Tests https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-733.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unchecked")
     @Test
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilterTest.java
index 4c536df45db..cdd5ea9b252 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/SymbolicLinkFileFilterTest.java
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ static void tearDown() {
      * Unit test teardown deletes all four of these files.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @throws IOException If it fails to create the temporary files
+     * @throws IOException If it fails to create the temporary files.
      */
     @BeforeAll
     static void testSetup() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunctionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunctionTest.java
index f199be777b3..e32540afddf 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunctionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOBiFunctionTest.java
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ private boolean not(final boolean value) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOBiFunction#andThen(IOFunction)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAndThenIOFunction() throws IOException {
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ void testAndThenIOFunction() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOBiFunction#apply(Object, Object)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testApply() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunctionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunctionTest.java
index 66520402df8..bb3524389c3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunctionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOQuadFunctionTest.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class IOQuadFunctionTest {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOQuadFunction#apply(Object, Object, Object, Object)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAccept() throws IOException {
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ void testAccept() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOTriFunction#andThen(IOFunction)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAndThenIOFunction() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IORunnableTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IORunnableTest.java
index 4fe035d92e8..134ad6027fc 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IORunnableTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IORunnableTest.java
@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ class IORunnableTest {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IORunnable#run()}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAccept() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunctionTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunctionTest.java
index 0ed956a8556..4575d47e577 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunctionTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOTriFunctionTest.java
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class IOTriFunctionTest {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOTriFunction#apply(Object, Object, Object)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAccept() throws IOException {
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ void testAccept() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests {@link IOTriFunction#andThen(IOFunction)}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure
+     * @throws IOException thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testAndThenIOFunction() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckTest.java
index 2622c6176da..01065739388 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/UncheckTest.java
@@ -336,7 +336,7 @@ void testRun() {
     /**
      * Tests {@link Uncheck#run(IORunnable, Supplier))}.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testRunMessage() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReaderTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReaderTest.java
index d8e8a48e833..b70ad1ec12f 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReaderTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReaderTest.java
@@ -150,12 +150,12 @@ private String getXML(final String bomType, final String xmlType,
     }
 
     /**
-     * @param bomType   no-bom, UTF-16BE-bom, UTF-16LE-bom, UTF-8-bom
-     * @param xmlType   xml, xml-prolog, xml-prolog-charset
-     * @param streamEnc encoding of the stream
-     * @param prologEnc encoding of the prolog
-     * @return XML stream
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs
+     * @param bomType   no-bom, UTF-16BE-bom, UTF-16LE-bom, UTF-8-bom.
+     * @param xmlType   xml, xml-prolog, xml-prolog-charset.
+     * @param streamEnc encoding of the stream.
+     * @param prologEnc encoding of the prolog.
+     * @return XML stream.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     protected InputStream getXmlInputStream(final String bomType, final String xmlType,
         final String streamEnc, final String prologEnc) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
index 93737d3bcb4..b73c9991dc3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -455,7 +455,7 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final InputStream inputStream, final String httpContentTy
      *        the charset encoding.
      * @param lenient indicates if the charset encoding detection should be
      *        relaxed.
-     * @param defaultEncoding the default encoding to use
+     * @param defaultEncoding the default encoding to use.
      * @throws IOException thrown if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @throws XmlStreamReaderException thrown if the charset encoding could not
      *         be determined according to the specification.
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/AbstractMonitorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/AbstractMonitorTest.java
index 31d2bd7479f..d00feb3fdbb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/AbstractMonitorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/AbstractMonitorTest.java
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractMonitorTest {
     /**
      * Check all the Collections are empty
      *
-     * @param label the label to use for this check
+     * @param label the label to use for this check.
      */
     protected void checkCollectionsEmpty(final String label) {
         checkCollectionSizes("EMPTY-" + label, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0);
@@ -62,13 +62,13 @@ protected void checkCollectionsEmpty(final String label) {
     /**
      * Check all the Collections have the expected sizes.
      *
-     * @param label the label to use for this check
-     * @param dirCreate expected number of dirs created
-     * @param dirChange expected number of dirs changed
-     * @param dirDelete expected number of dirs deleted
-     * @param fileCreate expected number of files created
-     * @param fileChange expected number of files changed
-     * @param fileDelete expected number of files deleted
+     * @param label the label to use for this check.
+     * @param dirCreate expected number of dirs created.
+     * @param dirChange expected number of dirs changed.
+     * @param dirDelete expected number of dirs deleted.
+     * @param fileCreate expected number of files created.
+     * @param fileChange expected number of files changed.
+     * @param fileDelete expected number of files deleted.
      */
     protected void checkCollectionSizes(String label,
                                         final int dirCreate,
@@ -94,8 +94,8 @@ protected void checkCollectionSizes(String label,
     /**
      * Create a {@link FileAlterationObserver}.
      *
-     * @param file The directory to observe
-     * @param fileFilter The file filter to apply
+     * @param file The directory to observe.
+     * @param fileFilter The file filter to apply.
      */
     protected void createObserver(final File file, final FileFilter fileFilter) {
         observer = FileAlterationObserver.builder().setFile(file).setFileFilter(fileFilter).getUnchecked();
@@ -127,8 +127,8 @@ public void setUp() {
      * Either creates a file if it doesn't exist or updates the last modified date/time
      * if it does.
      *
-     * @param file The file to touch
-     * @return The file
+     * @param file The file to touch.
+     * @return The file.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     protected File touch(File file) throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/CollectionFileListener.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/CollectionFileListener.java
index 309eb63b526..4e597d8e2f1 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/CollectionFileListener.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/CollectionFileListener.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ public void clear() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of changed directories.
      *
-     * @return Directories which have changed
+     * @return Directories which have changed.
      */
     public Collection<File> getChangedDirectories() {
         return changedDirectories;
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public Collection<File> getChangedDirectories() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of changed files.
      *
-     * @return Files which have changed
+     * @return Files which have changed.
      */
     public Collection<File> getChangedFiles() {
         return changedFiles;
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ public Collection<File> getChangedFiles() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of created directories.
      *
-     * @return Directories which have been created
+     * @return Directories which have been created.
      */
     public Collection<File> getCreatedDirectories() {
         return createdDirectories;
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ public Collection<File> getCreatedDirectories() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of created files.
      *
-     * @return Files which have been created
+     * @return Files which have been created.
      */
     public Collection<File> getCreatedFiles() {
         return createdFiles;
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ public Collection<File> getCreatedFiles() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of deleted directories.
      *
-     * @return Directories which been deleted
+     * @return Directories which been deleted.
      */
     public Collection<File> getDeletedDirectories() {
         return deletedDirectories;
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ public Collection<File> getDeletedDirectories() {
     /**
      * Gets the set of deleted files.
      *
-     * @return Files which been deleted
+     * @return Files which been deleted.
      */
     public Collection<File> getDeletedFiles() {
         return deletedFiles;
@@ -114,7 +114,7 @@ public Collection<File> getDeletedFiles() {
     /**
      * Directory changed Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory changed
+     * @param directory The directory changed.
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryChange(final File directory) {
@@ -124,7 +124,7 @@ public void onDirectoryChange(final File directory) {
     /**
      * Directory created Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory created
+     * @param directory The directory created.
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryCreate(final File directory) {
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public void onDirectoryCreate(final File directory) {
     /**
      * Directory deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param directory The directory deleted
+     * @param directory The directory deleted.
      */
     @Override
     public void onDirectoryDelete(final File directory) {
@@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ public void onDirectoryDelete(final File directory) {
     /**
      * File changed Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file changed
+     * @param file The file changed.
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileChange(final File file) {
@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ public void onFileChange(final File file) {
     /**
      * File created Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file created
+     * @param file The file created.
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileCreate(final File file) {
@@ -164,7 +164,7 @@ public void onFileCreate(final File file) {
     /**
      * File deleted Event.
      *
-     * @param file The file deleted
+     * @param file The file deleted.
      */
     @Override
     public void onFileDelete(final File file) {
@@ -174,7 +174,7 @@ public void onFileDelete(final File file) {
     /**
      * File system observer started checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer
+     * @param observer The file system observer.
      */
     @Override
     public void onStart(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ public void onStart(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
     /**
      * File system observer finished checking event.
      *
-     * @param observer The file system observer
+     * @param observer The file system observer.
      */
     @Override
     public void onStop(final FileAlterationObserver observer) {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitorTest.java
index ce236dbb5b6..7882d6dbaf3 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitorTest.java
@@ -128,8 +128,9 @@ void testDefaultConstructor() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Test checkAndNotify() method
-     * @throws Exception
+     * Test checkAndNotify() method.
+     *
+     * @throws Exception Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testMonitor() throws Exception {
@@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ public Thread newThread(final Runnable r) {
 
     /**
      * Test using a thread factory.
-     * @throws Exception
+     * @throws Exception.
      */
     @Test
     void testThreadFactory() throws Exception {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStreamTest.java
index f56cc4e9ebc..211438a5586 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ChunkedOutputStreamTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ public void write(final byte[] b, final int off, final int len) {
     /**
      * Tests the default chunk size with a ByteArrayOutputStream.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException.
      */
     @Test
     void testBuildSetByteArrayOutputStream() throws IOException {
@@ -64,7 +64,7 @@ void testBuildSetByteArrayOutputStream() throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests the default chunk size with a Path.
      *
-     * @throws IOException
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testBuildSetPath() throws IOException {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/DeferredFileOutputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/DeferredFileOutputStreamTest.java
index ae3fe77d50d..e0b29fb599b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/DeferredFileOutputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/DeferredFileOutputStreamTest.java
@@ -148,7 +148,8 @@ void testAtThreshold(final int initialBufferSize) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Tests the case where the amount of data falls below the threshold, and is therefore confined to memory.
-     * @throws IOException
+     *
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "initialBufferSize = {0}")
     @MethodSource("data")
@@ -237,7 +238,8 @@ void testTempFileAboveThreshold(final int initialBufferSize) throws IOException
 
     /**
      * Tests specifying a temporary file and the threshold is reached.
-     * @throws IOException
+     *
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "initialBufferSize = {0}")
     @MethodSource("data")
@@ -278,7 +280,8 @@ void testTempFileAboveThresholdPrefixOnly(final int initialBufferSize) throws IO
 
     /**
      * Tests specifying a temporary file and the threshold not reached.
-     * @throws IOException
+     *
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "initialBufferSize = {0}")
     @MethodSource("data")
@@ -302,7 +305,7 @@ void testTempFileBelowThreshold(final int initialBufferSize) throws IOException
     /**
      * Tests specifying a temporary file and the threshold is reached.
      *
-     * @throws Exception
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @Test
     void testTempFileError() throws Exception {
@@ -338,7 +341,8 @@ void testThresholdNegative(final int initialBufferSize) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Tests the case where there are multiple writes beyond the threshold, to ensure that the
      * {@code thresholdReached()} method is only called once, as the threshold is crossed for the first time.
-     * @throws IOException
+     *
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "initialBufferSize = {0}")
     @MethodSource("data")
@@ -418,7 +422,8 @@ void testWriteToLargeCtor(final int initialBufferSize) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Tests whether writeTo() properly writes small content.
-     * @throws IOException
+     *
+     * @throws IOException Thrown on a test failure.
      */
     @ParameterizedTest(name = "initialBufferSize = {0}")
     @MethodSource("data")
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/AbstractCloseableListTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/AbstractCloseableListTest.java
index 43ec7d55d8e..6258a3cc0e2 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/AbstractCloseableListTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/serialization/AbstractCloseableListTest.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public abstract class AbstractCloseableListTest {
     /**
      * Adds a {@link Closeable} to close after each test.
      *
-     * @param <T> The Closeable type
+     * @param <T> The Closeable type.
      * @param t The Closeable.
      * @return The Closeable.
      * @see Closeable
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
index a4278c14974..619c1e3eb30 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
@@ -48,9 +48,9 @@ public abstract class TestUtils {
     /**
      * Assert that the content of a file is equal to that in a byte[].
      *
-     * @param b0   the expected contents
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents
+     * @param b0   the expected contents.
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents.
      */
     public static void assertEqualContent(final byte[] b0, final File file) throws IOException {
         assertEqualContent(b0, file.toPath());
@@ -59,9 +59,9 @@ public static void assertEqualContent(final byte[] b0, final File file) throws I
     /**
      * Assert that the content of a file is equal to that in a byte[].
      *
-     * @param b0   the expected contents
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents
+     * @param b0   the expected contents.
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents.
      */
     public static void assertEqualContent(final byte[] b0, final Path file) throws IOException {
         int count = 0;
@@ -82,9 +82,9 @@ public static void assertEqualContent(final byte[] b0, final Path file) throws I
     /**
      * Assert that the content of a file is equal to that in a char[].
      *
-     * @param c0   the expected contents
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents
+     * @param c0   the expected contents.
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents.
      */
     public static void assertEqualContent(final char[] c0, final File file) throws IOException {
         assertEqualContent(c0, file.toPath());
@@ -93,9 +93,9 @@ public static void assertEqualContent(final char[] c0, final File file) throws I
     /**
      * Assert that the content of a file is equal to that in a char[].
      *
-     * @param c0   the expected contents
-     * @param file the file to check
-     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents
+     * @param c0   the expected contents.
+     * @param file the file to check.
+     * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs while reading the file contents.
      */
     public static void assertEqualContent(final char[] c0, final Path file) throws IOException {
         int count = 0;
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream.java
index f5096673a78..8d9d8b01a39 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream.java
@@ -33,8 +33,8 @@ public class ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream extends ProxyOutputStream {
 
     /**
      * @param proxy OutputStream to delegate to.
-     * @param throwOnFlush True if flush() is forbidden
-     * @param throwOnClose True if close() is forbidden
+     * @param throwOnFlush True if flush() is forbidden.
+     * @param throwOnClose True if close() is forbidden.
      */
     public ThrowOnFlushAndCloseOutputStream(final OutputStream proxy, final boolean throwOnFlush,
         final boolean throwOnClose) {

From 37d17bc8a483e47b8fb5c3fe3aca0aaf7c0418c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2025 16:04:19 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 110/174] Javadoc: Normalize spelling

---
 .../apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java    | 40 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 20 insertions(+), 20 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
index 1bc9d44b030..13a4c3f51f0 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
@@ -196,14 +196,14 @@
  * <pre>
  * public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
  *
- *     private volatile boolean cancelled = false;
+ *     private volatile boolean canceled = false;
  *
  *     public void cancel() {
- *         cancelled = true;
+ *         canceled = true;
  *     }
  *
  *     protected boolean handleIsCancelled(File file, int depth, Collection results) {
- *         return cancelled;
+ *         return canceled;
  *     }
  *
  *     protected void handleCancelled(File startDirectory, Collection results, CancelException cancel) {
@@ -272,8 +272,8 @@ public static class CancelException extends IOException {
          * Constructs a {@link CancelException} with
          * the file and depth when cancellation occurred.
          *
-         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled, may be null.
-         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled, may be null.
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was canceled, may be null.
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was canceled, may be null.
          */
         public CancelException(final File file, final int depth) {
             this("Operation Cancelled", file, depth);
@@ -285,8 +285,8 @@ public CancelException(final File file, final int depth) {
          * cancellation occurred.
          *
          * @param message  the detail message.
-         * @param file  the file when the operation was cancelled.
-         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was cancelled.
+         * @param file  the file when the operation was canceled.
+         * @param depth  the depth when the operation was canceled.
          */
         public CancelException(final String message, final File file, final int depth) {
             super(message);
@@ -295,18 +295,18 @@ public CancelException(final String message, final File file, final int depth) {
         }
 
         /**
-         * Returns the depth when the operation was cancelled.
+         * Returns the depth when the operation was canceled.
          *
-         * @return the depth when the operation was cancelled.
+         * @return the depth when the operation was canceled.
          */
         public int getDepth() {
             return depth;
         }
 
         /**
-         * Returns the file when the operation was cancelled.
+         * Returns the file when the operation was canceled.
          *
-         * @return the file when the operation was cancelled.
+         * @return the file when the operation was canceled.
          */
         public File getFile() {
             return file;
@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ protected DirectoryWalker(IOFileFilter directoryFilter, IOFileFilter fileFilter,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Checks whether the walk has been cancelled by calling {@link #handleIsCancelled},
+     * Checks whether the walk has been canceled by calling {@link #handleIsCancelled},
      * throwing a {@link CancelException} if it has.
      * <p>
      * Writers of subclasses should not normally call this method as it is called
@@ -417,7 +417,7 @@ protected File[] filterDirectoryContents(final File directory, final int depth,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Overridable callback method invoked when the operation is cancelled.
+     * Overridable callback method invoked when the operation is canceled.
      * The file being processed when the cancellation occurred can be
      * obtained from the exception.
      * <p>
@@ -526,7 +526,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T>
 
     /**
      * Overridable callback method invoked to determine if the entire walk
-     * operation should be immediately cancelled.
+     * operation should be immediately canceled.
      * <p>
      * This method should be implemented by those subclasses that want to
      * provide a public {@code cancel()} method available from another
@@ -534,13 +534,13 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T>
      * </p>
      * <pre>
      *  public class FooDirectoryWalker extends DirectoryWalker {
-     *    private volatile boolean cancelled = false;
+     *    private volatile boolean canceled = false;
      *
      *    public void cancel() {
-     *        cancelled = true;
+     *        canceled = true;
      *    }
      *    private void handleIsCancelled(File file, int depth, Collection results) {
-     *        return cancelled;
+     *        return canceled;
      *    }
      *    protected void handleCancelled(File startDirectory,
      *              Collection results, CancelException cancel) {
@@ -550,7 +550,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T>
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * If this method returns true, then the directory walk is immediately
-     * cancelled. The next callback method will be {@link #handleCancelled}.
+     * canceled. The next callback method will be {@link #handleCancelled}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This implementation returns false.
@@ -559,14 +559,14 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T>
      * @param file  the file or directory being processed.
      * @param depth  the current directory level (starting directory = 0).
      * @param results  the collection of result objects, may be updated.
-     * @return true if the walk has been cancelled.
+     * @return true if the walk has been canceled.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O Error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("unused") // Possibly thrown from subclasses.
     protected boolean handleIsCancelled(
             final File file, final int depth, final Collection<T> results) throws IOException {
         // do nothing - overridable by subclass
-        return false;  // not cancelled
+        return false;  // not canceled
     }
 
     /**

From 09e6e3687bb734f34d1a0bc479b50591aa3feed3 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2025 16:04:46 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 111/174] Variable: Normalize spelling

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java   | 12 ++++++------
 1 file changed, 6 insertions(+), 6 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
index 57316a32677..101d61066d9 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<Str
     static class TestMultiThreadCancelWalker extends DirectoryWalker<File> {
         private final String cancelFileName;
         private final boolean suppressCancel;
-        private boolean cancelled;
+        private boolean canceled;
         public List<File> results;
 
         TestMultiThreadCancelWalker(final String cancelFileName, final boolean suppressCancel) {
@@ -199,9 +199,9 @@ protected void handleCancelled(final File startDirectory, final Collection<File>
         @Override
         protected void handleDirectoryEnd(final File directory, final int depth, final Collection<File> results) throws IOException {
             results.add(directory);
-            assertFalse(cancelled);
+            assertFalse(canceled);
             if (cancelFileName.equals(directory.getName())) {
-                cancelled = true;
+                canceled = true;
             }
         }
 
@@ -209,16 +209,16 @@ protected void handleDirectoryEnd(final File directory, final int depth, final C
         @Override
         protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<File> results) throws IOException {
             results.add(file);
-            assertFalse(cancelled);
+            assertFalse(canceled);
             if (cancelFileName.equals(file.getName())) {
-                cancelled = true;
+                canceled = true;
             }
         }
 
         /** Handles Cancelled. */
         @Override
         protected boolean handleIsCancelled(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<File> results) throws IOException {
-            return cancelled;
+            return canceled;
         }
     }
     // Directories

From e6fe8dc0b32925071361be7d175b6b6f2962750b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2025 16:16:01 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 112/174] Javadoc: Fix double the

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index df7af6a8803..8d63f052603 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -1556,7 +1556,7 @@ public static long copy(final Reader reader, final Appendable output, final Char
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default
+     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default
      * charset}, and calling flush.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.

From 930f1fbc6c272eedab8a8c35e344f009c44c15b4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 26 Dec 2025 16:25:15 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 113/174] Javadoc: Normalize and fix spelling

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
index 2a631d89351..d8ef0db0818 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Tailer.java
@@ -1043,7 +1043,7 @@ public void run() {
                      * - gets "touched"
                      * - Files.getLastModifiedTime returns a new timestamp but newer data is not yet there (
                      *   was reported to happen on busy systems or samba network shares, see IO-279)
-                     * The default behaviour is to replay the whole file. If this is unsdesired in your usecase,
+                     * The default behavior is to replay the whole file. If this is undesired in your usecase,
                      * use the ignoreTouch builder flag
                      */
                     if (!ignoreTouch) {

From aa9110f23badd011cf2676525b8363b6d9a50987 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 29 Dec 2025 08:51:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 114/174] Bump notice file end year from 2025 to 2026

---
 NOTICE.txt | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/NOTICE.txt b/NOTICE.txt
index 2a4682551b1..b9fb860712d 100644
--- a/NOTICE.txt
+++ b/NOTICE.txt
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 Apache Commons IO
-Copyright 2002-2025 The Apache Software Foundation
+Copyright 2002-2026 The Apache Software Foundation
 
 This product includes software developed at
 The Apache Software Foundation (https://www.apache.org/).

From 64e2ab4416c3e14ffa4bc947b064768d24a027bc Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 30 Dec 2025 13:29:24 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 115/174] Javadoc typos

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java | 3 ++-
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 8d63f052603..c97cae25a44 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -300,12 +300,13 @@ public void close() {
     /**
      * A singleton empty byte array.
      *
-     *  @since 2.9.0
+     * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static final byte[] EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY = {};
 
     /**
      * Represents the end-of-file (or stream) value {@value}.
+     *
      * @since 2.5 (made public)
      */
     public static final int EOF = -1;

From 66528578e20275834b3c58dc8e90032738b4c969 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2025 17:50:38 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 116/174] Javadoc: Empty Javadoc line before the 1st tag.

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java     |  1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java   |  1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java   |  1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java |  2 ++
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java       |  2 ++
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java  |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/UncheckedIOExceptions.java   |  1 +
 .../commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java      |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java    |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java  |  8 ++++++--
 .../commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java   |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java     |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java     |  1 +
 .../apache/commons/io/input/BoundedInputStream.java    |  1 +
 .../commons/io/input/CharSequenceInputStream.java      |  1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java  | 10 ++++++++++
 .../commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java    |  2 ++
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java   |  1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java  |  1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java |  2 ++
 .../io/output/UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.java |  1 +
 22 files changed, 40 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
index 1c88614a213..ed816826305 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/CopyUtils.java
@@ -117,6 +117,7 @@ public class CopyUtils {
 
     /**
      * Copies bytes from a {@code byte[]} to an {@link OutputStream}.
+     *
      * @param input the byte array to read from.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @throws IOException In case of an I/O problem.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
index 0306a661acc..cae06b8345e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/EndianUtils.java
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ public class EndianUtils {
 
     /**
      * Reads the next byte from the input stream.
+     *
      * @param input  the stream.
      * @return the byte.
      * @throws IOException if the end of file is reached.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
index e874f91f903..fbb0bf51d7e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
@@ -63,6 +63,7 @@ public class FileCleaner {
      * in the resource cleanup code, such as
      * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)}.
      * One called, no new objects can be tracked by the file cleaner.
+     *
      * @deprecated Use {@link FileCleaningTracker#exitWhenFinished()}.
      */
     @Deprecated
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
index fe49a1a8a6c..19b1c80487a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
@@ -143,12 +143,14 @@ public class FilenameUtils {
 
     /**
      * The extension separator character.
+     *
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public static final char EXTENSION_SEPARATOR = '.';
 
     /**
      * The extension separator String.
+     *
      * @since 1.4
      */
     public static final String EXTENSION_SEPARATOR_STR = Character.toString(EXTENSION_SEPARATOR);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index c97cae25a44..42774b3f78f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -708,6 +708,7 @@ static void checkFromToIndex(final int fromIndex, final int toIndex, final int l
      * <li>Removes the current thread's value for thread-local variables.</li>
      * <li>Sets static scratch arrays to 0s.</li>
      * </ul>
+     *
      * @see IO#clear()
      */
     static void clear() {
@@ -902,6 +903,7 @@ public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, fi
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
      * </p>
+     *
      * @param closeables the objects to close, may be null or already closed.
      * @see #closeQuietly(Closeable)
      * @since 2.5
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index a96af0f224b..d4482c6f3c1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -142,6 +142,7 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
     /**
      * Overridable method to validate each line that is returned.
      * This implementation always returns true.
+     *
      * @param line  the line that is to be validated.
      * @return true if valid, false to remove from the iterator.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/UncheckedIOExceptions.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/UncheckedIOExceptions.java
index f31043769b7..6a5075c52ca 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/UncheckedIOExceptions.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/UncheckedIOExceptions.java
@@ -47,6 +47,7 @@ public static UncheckedIOException create(final Object message) {
      * <p>
      * This method exists because there is no String constructor in {@link UncheckedIOException}.
      * </p>
+     *
      * @param e cause the {@link IOException}.
      * @param message the detail message.
      * @return a new {@link UncheckedIOException}.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
index dc4fb296049..4ae379add58 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/comparator/PathFileComparator.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@
  * <p>
  * <em>Serialization is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0.</em>
  * </p>
+ *
  * @since 1.4
  */
 public class PathFileComparator extends AbstractFileComparator implements Serializable {
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
index 2db3e46f5a8..f7ec25a1f3e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/AndFileFilter.java
@@ -129,6 +129,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file, final String name) {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
index 587bb4226ee..74715ef6158 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterUtils.java
@@ -226,13 +226,13 @@ public static IOFileFilter fileFileFilter() {
      * Set&lt;File&gt; javaFiles = FileFilterUtils.filterSet(allFiles,
      *     FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".java"));
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to the set of files.
      * @param files the array of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
      *         file filter.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the filter is {@code null}
      *         or {@code files} contains a {@code null} value.
-     *
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static File[] filter(final IOFileFilter filter, final File... files) {
@@ -259,13 +259,13 @@ public static File[] filter(final IOFileFilter filter, final File... files) {
      * Set&lt;File&gt; javaFiles = FileFilterUtils.filterSet(allFiles,
      *     FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".java"));
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to the set of files.
      * @param files the array of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
      *         file filter.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the filter is {@code null}
      *         or {@code files} contains a {@code null} value.
-     *
      * @since 2.0
      */
     public static File[] filter(final IOFileFilter filter, final Iterable<File> files) {
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ private static <R, A> R filterFiles(final IOFileFilter filter, final Stream<File
      * List&lt;File&gt; directories = FileFilterUtils.filterList(filesAndDirectories,
      *     FileFilterUtils.directoryFileFilter());
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to each files in the list.
      * @param files the collection of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
@@ -339,6 +340,7 @@ public static List<File> filterList(final IOFileFilter filter, final File... fil
      * List&lt;File&gt; directories = FileFilterUtils.filterList(filesAndDirectories,
      *     FileFilterUtils.directoryFileFilter());
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to each files in the list.
      * @param files the collection of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
@@ -369,6 +371,7 @@ public static List<File> filterList(final IOFileFilter filter, final Iterable<Fi
      * Set&lt;File&gt; javaFiles = FileFilterUtils.filterSet(allFiles,
      *     FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".java"));
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to the set of files.
      * @param files the collection of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
@@ -398,6 +401,7 @@ public static Set<File> filterSet(final IOFileFilter filter, final File... files
      * Set&lt;File&gt; javaFiles = FileFilterUtils.filterSet(allFiles,
      *     FileFilterUtils.suffixFileFilter(".java"));
      * </pre>
+     *
      * @param filter the filter to apply to the set of files.
      * @param files the collection of files to apply the filter to.
      * @return a subset of {@code files} that is accepted by the
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
index 5868af39a32..3f28a7661cd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/MagicNumberFileFilter.java
@@ -270,6 +270,7 @@ public boolean accept(final File file) {
      * be rejected.
      *
      * </p>
+     *
      * @param file the file to accept or reject.
      * @param attributes the path's basic attributes (may be null).
      * @return {@code true} if the file contains the filter's magic number
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
index 2bc8fc7074c..4017ce8f070 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/OrFileFilter.java
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ private OrFileFilter(final int initialCapacity) {
 
     /**
      * Constructs a new instance for the give filters.
+     *
      * @param fileFilters filters to OR.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
index bfaccc103b2..dd656dff7dd 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterable.java
@@ -75,6 +75,7 @@ default IOSpliterator<T> spliterator() {
      * <p>
      * Implementations may not have anything to unwrap and that behavior is undefined for now.
      * </p>
+     *
      * @return the underlying Iterable.
      */
     Iterable<T> unwrap();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
index 2d99480cf5b..85727a6e431 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/function/IOIterator.java
@@ -110,6 +110,7 @@ default void remove() throws IOException {
      * <p>
      * Implementations may not have anything to unwrap and that behavior is undefined for now.
      * </p>
+     *
      * @return the underlying Iterator.
      */
     Iterator<E> unwrap();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedInputStream.java
index e3e2d86bf0f..d9fbac8b104 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedInputStream.java
@@ -82,6 +82,7 @@
  *   .get();
  * }
  * </pre>
+ *
  * @see Builder
  * @since 2.0
  */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceInputStream.java
index 874dcf1cb39..689424c062f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/CharSequenceInputStream.java
@@ -281,6 +281,7 @@ CharsetEncoder getCharsetEncoder() {
 
     /**
      * {@inheritDoc}
+     *
      * @param readLimit max read limit (ignored).
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
index 47cff05b1f1..9d53d007651 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ProxyReader.java
@@ -94,6 +94,7 @@ protected void beforeRead(final int n) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code close()} method.
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -122,6 +123,7 @@ protected void handleIOException(final IOException e) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code mark(int)} method.
+     *
      * @param readAheadLimit read ahead limit.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
@@ -136,6 +138,7 @@ public synchronized void mark(final int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code markSupported()} method.
+     *
      * @return true if mark is supported, otherwise false.
      */
     @Override
@@ -145,6 +148,7 @@ public boolean markSupported() {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read()} method.
+     *
      * @return the character read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
@@ -163,6 +167,7 @@ public int read() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(char[])} method.
+     *
      * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into.
      * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -182,6 +187,7 @@ public int read(final char[] chr) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(char[], int, int)} method.
+     *
      * @param chr the buffer to read the characters into.
      * @param st The start offset.
      * @param len The number of bytes to read.
@@ -203,6 +209,7 @@ public int read(final char[] chr, final int st, final int len) throws IOExceptio
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code read(CharBuffer)} method.
+     *
      * @param target the char buffer to read the characters into.
      * @return the number of characters read or -1 if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -223,6 +230,7 @@ public int read(final CharBuffer target) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code ready()} method.
+     *
      * @return true if the stream is ready to be read.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
@@ -238,6 +246,7 @@ public boolean ready() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code reset()} method.
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -251,6 +260,7 @@ public synchronized void reset() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code skip(long)} method.
+     *
      * @param ln the number of bytes to skip.
      * @return the number of bytes to skipped or EOF if the end of stream.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
index bfd0a0f632c..be80d0d4eb1 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnixLineEndingInputStream.java
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ public UnixLineEndingInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final boolean en
 
     /**
      * Closes the stream. Also closes the underlying stream.
+     *
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -112,6 +113,7 @@ public synchronized int read() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Reads the next item from the target, updating internal flags in the process
+     *
      * @return the next int read from the target stream.
      * @throws IOException If an I/O error occurs.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
index 94b2de54c79..d8343fd9371 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -695,6 +695,7 @@ public XmlStreamReader(final URLConnection urlConnection, final String defaultEn
 
     /**
      * Calculates the HTTP encoding.
+     *
      * @param bomEnc          BOM encoding.
      * @param xmlGuessEnc     XML Guess encoding.
      * @param xmlEnc          XML encoding.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
index e4487173798..fac3317958b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileEntry.java
@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@
  * <p>
  * <em>Serialization is deprecated and will be removed in 3.0.</em>
  * </p>
+ *
  * @see FileAlterationObserver
  * @since 2.0
  */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
index cf82a1b2e61..ae7f8e8f536 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ProxyWriter.java
@@ -144,6 +144,7 @@ protected void beforeWrite(final int n) throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code close()} method.
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
@@ -153,6 +154,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
 
     /**
      * Invokes the delegate's {@code flush()} method.
+     *
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.java
index a47a3b2aa2a..58195ffeb6f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.java
@@ -157,6 +157,7 @@ public static InputStream toBufferedInputStream(final InputStream input, final i
      * Constructs a new byte array output stream. The buffer capacity is initially.
      *
      * {@value AbstractByteArrayOutputStream#DEFAULT_SIZE} bytes, though its size increases if necessary.
+     *
      * @deprecated Use {@link #builder()}, {@link Builder}, and {@link Builder#get()}.
      */
     @Deprecated

From 575c111cd3f9102cad7ab0056ee793ee6a321393 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 31 Dec 2025 18:36:03 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 117/174] Javadoc: The @deprecated tag should be last.

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index d4482c6f3c1..741eae08ddc 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -56,9 +56,9 @@ public class LineIterator implements Iterator<String>, Closeable {
      * Closes a {@link LineIterator} quietly.
      *
      * @param iterator The iterator to close, or {@code null}.
+     * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
      * @deprecated As of 2.6 deprecated without replacement. Please use the try-with-resources statement or handle
      * suppressed exceptions manually.
-     * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static void closeQuietly(final LineIterator iterator) {

From 4a950c11a8d922e2602d53ca18442406b89bb923 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: "dependabot[bot]" <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 07:19:59 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 118/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.18.2 to 1.18.3
 (#820)

Bumps `commons.bytebuddy.version` from 1.18.2 to 1.18.3.

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy` from 1.18.2 to 1.18.3
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.18.2...byte-buddy-1.18.3)

Updates `net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent` from 1.18.2 to 1.18.3
- [Release notes](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/releases)
- [Changelog](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/blob/master/release-notes.md)
- [Commits](https://github.com/raphw/byte-buddy/compare/byte-buddy-1.18.2...byte-buddy-1.18.3)

---
updated-dependencies:
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy
  dependency-version: 1.18.3
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
- dependency-name: net.bytebuddy:byte-buddy-agent
  dependency-version: 1.18.3
  dependency-type: direct:development
  update-type: version-update:semver-patch
...

Signed-off-by: dependabot[bot] <support@github.com>
Co-authored-by: dependabot[bot] <49699333+dependabot[bot]@users.noreply.github.com>
---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 0baa433cabc..49a5a84bdb5 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     </commons.osgi.import>
     <commons.scmPubUrl>https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</commons.scmPubUrl>
     <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
-    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.2</commons.bytebuddy.version>
+    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.3</commons.bytebuddy.version>
     <japicmp.skip>false</japicmp.skip>
     <commons.release.isDistModule>true</commons.release.isDistModule>
     <!-- JaCoCo: Don't make code coverage worse than: -->

From f156ec05903f143bd6ae9cf2bdad04e8474b4afe Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 07:20:24 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 119/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.18.2 to 1.18.3
 #820

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 12cf9018531..411f98e943e 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.2 #814.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.3 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">

From ddb72e4a52e6e3ddb2635ef8b47c70e95584aea2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 07:53:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 120/174] Fix XML Schema xsi:schemaLocation name (as opposed to
 URI)

---
 src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml    | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml     | 2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/security.xml       | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
index 6ca018e32ca..6a0ba144cd9 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Download Apache Commons IO</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
index 714f68c3e1b..3cda13d50c6 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/issue-tracking.xml
@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons IO Issue tracking</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
index 97815e3d51d..bfb01dd0539 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/mail-lists.xml
@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ limitations under the License.
 -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0"
   xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons IO Mailing Lists</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
index 6999a217027..90e0d19e87b 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/security.xml
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@
   on an "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the 
   License. -->
 <document xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
-  xsi:schemaLocation="https://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
+  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/XDOC/2.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/xdoc-2.0.xsd">
   <properties>
     <title>Apache Commons Security Reports</title>
     <author email="dev@commons.apache.org">Apache Commons Team</author>

From b53aa6e46f52b7f5bccc6b61f831db899f2eaf38 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 1 Jan 2026 08:13:26 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 121/174] Better description

---
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 411f98e943e..1c1e8e027d5 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <release version="2.22.0" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
-      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position|truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>

From 8279b7fc3b697fc72c2b0f7b8bc80ec14d25a3a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 2 Jan 2026 17:26:22 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 122/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 93 to 94

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 49a5a84bdb5..55070c9ba35 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>93</version>
+    <version>94</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 1c1e8e027d5..bc25f7aeeb8 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 93 #816.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 94 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.3 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      

From b36ebaefc2c356202658b5f67ec2d119fee81434 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 4 Jan 2026 12:48:04 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 123/174] Javadoc

Add an empty line before a Javadoc comment
---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java | 2 ++
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java  | 1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java      | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOIndexedException.java   | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/build/package-info.java   | 2 +-
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java  | 9 +++++++++
 .../apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java | 1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java   | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java  | 1 +
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/CharsetsTest.java    | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java  | 4 ++++
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategyTest.java    | 1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java     | 7 +++++++
 .../apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java    | 2 ++
 14 files changed, 33 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
index 13a4c3f51f0..1d2a7678fd4 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalker.java
@@ -265,6 +265,7 @@ public static class CancelException extends IOException {
 
         /** The file being processed when the exception was thrown. */
         private final File file;
+
         /** The file depth when the exception was thrown. */
         private final int depth;
 
@@ -312,6 +313,7 @@ public File getFile() {
             return file;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * The file filter to use to filter files and directories.
      */
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index 5bde044e333..4fa8e973b6f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ public class FileCleaningTracker {
      * The reaper thread.
      */
     private final class Reaper extends Thread {
+
         /** Constructs a new Reaper */
         Reaper() {
             super("File Reaper");
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
index e4ba867a685..8fd3299d853 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileSystem.java
@@ -118,6 +118,7 @@ public enum FileSystem {
      * Implementations measure length and can truncate to a specified limit.
      */
     enum NameLengthStrategy {
+
         /** Length measured as encoded bytes. */
         BYTES {
             @Override
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOIndexedException.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOIndexedException.java
index fcb84334ff6..958d8307317 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOIndexedException.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOIndexedException.java
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@
 public class IOIndexedException extends IOException {
 
     private static final long serialVersionUID = 1L;
+
     /**
      * Converts input to a suitable String for exception message.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/package-info.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/package-info.java
index bda177c354c..5eed609d544 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/package-info.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/build/package-info.java
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+
 /**
  * Provides classes to implement the builder pattern for IO classes.
  *
@@ -49,5 +50,4 @@
  *
  * @since 2.12.0
  */
-
 package org.apache.commons.io.build;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
index c943f5f9e4d..6a9718c4c07 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/PathUtils.java
@@ -200,32 +200,38 @@ private RelativeSortedPaths(final Path dir1, final Path dir2, final int maxDepth
 
     private static final OpenOption[] OPEN_OPTIONS_TRUNCATE = { StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.TRUNCATE_EXISTING };
     private static final OpenOption[] OPEN_OPTIONS_APPEND = { StandardOpenOption.CREATE, StandardOpenOption.APPEND };
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link CopyOption} array.
      *
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static final CopyOption[] EMPTY_COPY_OPTIONS = {};
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link DeleteOption} array.
      *
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static final DeleteOption[] EMPTY_DELETE_OPTION_ARRAY = {};
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link FileAttribute} array.
      *
      * @since 2.13.0
      */
     public static final FileAttribute<?>[] EMPTY_FILE_ATTRIBUTE_ARRAY = {};
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link FileVisitOption} array.
      */
     public static final FileVisitOption[] EMPTY_FILE_VISIT_OPTION_ARRAY = {};
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link LinkOption} array.
      */
     public static final LinkOption[] EMPTY_LINK_OPTION_ARRAY = {};
+
     /**
      * {@link LinkOption} array for {@link LinkOption#NOFOLLOW_LINKS}.
      *
@@ -234,16 +240,19 @@ private RelativeSortedPaths(final Path dir1, final Path dir2, final int maxDepth
      */
     @Deprecated
     public static final LinkOption[] NOFOLLOW_LINK_OPTION_ARRAY = { LinkOption.NOFOLLOW_LINKS };
+
     /**
      * A LinkOption used to follow link in this class, the inverse of {@link LinkOption#NOFOLLOW_LINKS}.
      *
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     static final LinkOption NULL_LINK_OPTION = null;
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link OpenOption} array.
      */
     public static final OpenOption[] EMPTY_OPEN_OPTION_ARRAY = {};
+
     /**
      * Empty {@link Path} array.
      *
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
index f4f414753cb..dd8674f3916 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/DelegateFileFilter.java
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ public class DelegateFileFilter extends AbstractFileFilter implements Serializab
 
     /** The File filter */
     private final transient FileFilter fileFilter;
+
     /** The Filename filter */
     private final transient FilenameFilter fileNameFilter;
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
index 45f19cc94c5..51cddcd2e98 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReaderInputStream.java
@@ -209,6 +209,7 @@ private static CharsetEncoder newEncoder(final Charset charset) {
      * CharBuffer used as input for the decoder. It should be reasonably large as we read data from the underlying Reader into this buffer.
      */
     private final CharBuffer encoderIn;
+
     /**
      * ByteBuffer used as output for the decoder. This buffer can be small as it is only used to transfer data from the decoder to the buffer provided by the
      * caller.
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
index 550b9daf523..446b31b7950 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/ClosedWriter.java
@@ -38,6 +38,7 @@ public class ClosedWriter extends Writer {
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static final ClosedWriter INSTANCE = new ClosedWriter();
+
     /**
      * The singleton instance.
      *
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/CharsetsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/CharsetsTest.java
index 7c718c148bf..0b48c68404b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/CharsetsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/CharsetsTest.java
@@ -46,6 +46,7 @@ public class CharsetsTest {
      * For parameterized tests.
      */
     public static final String AVAIL_CHARSETS = "org.apache.commons.io.CharsetsTest#availableCharsetsKeySet";
+
     /**
      * For parameterized tests.
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
index 101d61066d9..deef523cd18 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/DirectoryWalkerTest.java
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<Fil
             }
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Test DirectoryWalker implementation that always returns false
      * from handleDirectoryStart()
@@ -101,6 +102,7 @@ protected boolean handleDirectory(final File directory, final int depth, final C
             return false;
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Test DirectoryWalker implementation that finds files in a directory hierarchy
      * applying a file filter.
@@ -138,6 +140,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<Fil
             results.add(file);
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Test DirectoryWalker implementation that finds files in a directory hierarchy
      * applying a file filter.
@@ -165,6 +168,7 @@ protected void handleFile(final File file, final int depth, final Collection<Str
             results.add(file.toString());
         }
     }
+
     /**
      * Test DirectoryWalker implementation that finds files in a directory hierarchy
      * applying a file filter.
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategyTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategyTest.java
index ffdd2f559d4..1371afda7da 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategyTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategyTest.java
@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.test.TestUtils;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
+
 /**
  * Tests {@link FileDeleteStrategy}.
  */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
index 1f1fb2a13fe..4aed328a0df 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsConcurrentTest.java
@@ -89,30 +89,37 @@ public int read(final char[] cbuf, final int off, final int len) throws IOExcept
      * Test data for InputStream tests.
      */
     private static final byte[][] BYTE_DATA;
+
     /**
      * Checksum values for {@link #BYTE_DATA}.
      */
     private static final long[] BYTE_DATA_CHECKSUM;
+
     /**
      * Number of runs per thread (to increase the chance of collisions).
      */
     private static final int RUNS_PER_THREAD = 16;
+
     /**
      * Size of test data.
      */
     private static final int SIZE = IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE;
+
     /**
      * Test data for Reader tests.
      */
     private static final String[] STRING_DATA;
+
     /**
      * Checksum values for {@link #STRING_DATA}.
      */
     private static final long[] STRING_DATA_CHECKSUM;
+
     /**
      * Number of threads to use.
      */
     private static final int THREAD_COUNT = 16;
+
     /**
      * Number of data variants (to increase the chance of collisions).
      */
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
index 3a97c8dc24f..3ad593035b2 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
@@ -311,6 +311,7 @@ void testResetArguments() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Test
+
     /** If read is interrupted while waiting, then exception is thrown */
     void testTimeoutInterrupted() throws Exception {
         try (QueueInputStream inputStream = QueueInputStream.builder().setTimeout(Duration.ofMinutes(2)).get();
@@ -337,6 +338,7 @@ void testTimeoutInterrupted() throws Exception {
     }
 
     @Test
+
     /** If data is not available in queue, then read will wait until wait time elapses */
     void testTimeoutUnavailableData() throws IOException {
         try (QueueInputStream inputStream = QueueInputStream.builder().setTimeout(Duration.ofMillis(500)).get();

From 8f4d853bdc2f794cb7c9f724235466203ff6df57 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 10:49:36 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 124/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.9 to 4.31.10

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index c83bf59255c..5d024662b1f 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 980935089e8..2d7a1b0f8bc 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@5d4e8d1aca955e8d8589aabd499c5cae939e33c7 # v4.31.9
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 7246479f92ea4dd0988090c7e4f2d3bd4566e088 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 12 Jan 2026 13:53:38 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 125/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 94 to 95.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 55070c9ba35..6a0b4c053df 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>94</version>
+    <version>95</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index bc25f7aeeb8..a7003bb8713 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 94 #816.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 95 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.3 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      

From 4cf10f99352a6ba1b58a4bb58b88caacf85619a7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:06:19 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 126/174] Fix TODO comment

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java  | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
index 9b670bdae10..b6350fadca6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ private Builder setMaxBytesPerSecond(final double maxBytesPerSecond) {
          */
         public void setMaxBytesPerSecond(final long maxBytesPerSecond) {
             setMaxBytesPerSecond((double) maxBytesPerSecond);
-            // TODO 3.0
+            // TODO 4.0
             // return asThis();
         }
 

From bec4d9b10c9f197a59544101f83c7e6d2c801f94 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:08:24 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 127/174] Revert "Fix TODO comment"

This reverts commit 4cf10f99352a6ba1b58a4bb58b88caacf85619a7.
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java  | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
index b6350fadca6..9b670bdae10 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ private Builder setMaxBytesPerSecond(final double maxBytesPerSecond) {
          */
         public void setMaxBytesPerSecond(final long maxBytesPerSecond) {
             setMaxBytesPerSecond((double) maxBytesPerSecond);
-            // TODO 4.0
+            // TODO 3.0
             // return asThis();
         }
 

From c28ac9ad3cfb1a0a2d009a330715f4c4c4c8986b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:14:26 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 128/174] Better parameter name

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java | 8 ++++----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
index 19b1c80487a..c3a2a2dcfa5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
@@ -300,11 +300,11 @@ public static boolean directoryContains(final String canonicalParent, final Stri
      * Does the work of getting the path.
      *
      * @param fileName  the file name.
-     * @param includeSeparator  true to include the end separator.
+     * @param includeEndSeparator  true to include the end separator.
      * @return the path.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the result path contains the null character ({@code U+0000}).
      */
-    private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean includeSeparator) {
+    private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean includeEndSeparator) {
         if (fileName == null) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -313,7 +313,7 @@ private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean include
             return null;
         }
         if (prefix >= fileName.length()) {
-            if (includeSeparator) {
+            if (includeEndSeparator) {
                 return getPrefix(fileName);  // add end slash if necessary
             }
             return fileName;
@@ -322,7 +322,7 @@ private static String doGetFullPath(final String fileName, final boolean include
         if (index < 0) {
             return fileName.substring(0, prefix);
         }
-        int end = index + (includeSeparator ?  1 : 0);
+        int end = index + (includeEndSeparator ?  1 : 0);
         if (end == 0) {
             end++;
         }

From e156e77a2c7d6560e1775a913dcaed9937d7be00 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:15:12 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 129/174] Remove extra blank lines

---
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java | 3 ---
 1 file changed, 3 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
index 0441c6ac2e6..6908e10e4a5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
@@ -349,15 +349,12 @@ void testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator() {
      */
     @Test
     void testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_248() {
-
         // Test single separator
         assertEquals("/", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/"));
         assertEquals("\\", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("\\"));
-
         // Test one level directory
         assertEquals("/", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/abc"));
         assertEquals("\\", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("\\abc"));
-
         // Test one level directory
         assertEquals("/abc", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/abc/xyz"));
         assertEquals("\\abc", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("\\abc\\xyz"));

From d886319e56c9bbdd7338590e8acb88496f6191c7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 10:33:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 130/174] Add
 org.apache.commons.io.FilenameUtilsTest.testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_771()

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java  | 15 +++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 15 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
index 6908e10e4a5..88ff939caee 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.test.TestUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.SystemUtils;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Disabled;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.io.TempDir;
 
@@ -360,6 +361,20 @@ void testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_248() {
         assertEquals("\\abc", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("\\abc\\xyz"));
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Test for https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO-771
+     */
+    @Test
+    @Disabled
+    void testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_771() {
+        // IO-771
+        // On macOS while in the target folder in jshell:
+        // new java.io.File("X:\\path\\subfolder").getAbsolutePath()
+        // ==> "/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\path\\subfolder"
+        assertEquals("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path",
+                FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path\\\\subfolder"));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testGetName() {
         assertNull(FilenameUtils.getName(null));

From 3434b046c1c068ca97ecad691ecd7dfc827431c4 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 18 Jan 2026 12:57:53 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 131/174] Add more to
 FilenameUtilsTest.testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_771()

---
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java | 7 +++++++
 1 file changed, 7 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
index 88ff939caee..3049b9ae098 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtilsTest.java
@@ -371,8 +371,15 @@ void testGetFullPathNoEndSeparator_IO_771() {
         // On macOS while in the target folder in jshell:
         // new java.io.File("X:\\path\\subfolder").getAbsolutePath()
         // ==> "/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\path\\subfolder"
+        assertEquals("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\path",
+                FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\path\\subfolder"));
+        assertEquals("X:\\path", FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("X:\\path\\subfolder"));
         assertEquals("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path",
                 FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path\\\\subfolder"));
+        assertEquals("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\\\path",
+                FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path\\\\\\subfolder\\\\"));
+        assertEquals("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\\\path",
+                FilenameUtils.getFullPathNoEndSeparator("/Users/garygregory/git/commons/commons-lang/target/X:\\\\path\\\\\\subfolder"));
     }
 
     @Test

From 3f79f1b03ed6a7975e56e44bc315227380ef2c9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2026 08:16:00 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 132/174] Javadoc

---
 .../apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java  | 10 ++++++++--
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index 57edd41bcb7..1dda06115eb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -63,6 +63,9 @@ public class ReadAheadInputStream extends FilterInputStream {
      *   .setExecutorService(Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor(ReadAheadInputStream::newThread))
      *   .get();}
      * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * If an {@link ExecutorService} is not set, then a single-threaded daemon executor service is used.
+     * </p>
      *
      * @see #get()
      * @since 2.12.0
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ public Builder() {
          * <ul>
          * <li>{@link #getInputStream()} gets the target aspect.</li>
          * <li>{@link #getBufferSize()}</li>
-         * <li>{@link ExecutorService}</li>
+         * <li>{@link ExecutorService}, if not set, a single-threaded daemon executor service is used.</li>
          * </ul>
          *
          * @return a new instance.
@@ -108,8 +111,11 @@ public ReadAheadInputStream get() throws IOException {
 
         /**
          * Sets the executor service for the read-ahead thread.
+         * <p>
+         * If not set, a single-threaded daemon executor service is used.
+         * </p>
          *
-         * @param executorService the executor service for the read-ahead thread.
+         * @param executorService the executor service for the read-ahead thread, may be {@code null}.
          * @return {@code this} instance.
          */
         public Builder setExecutorService(final ExecutorService executorService) {

From 3ce2774594c30a5154680011a1e1c2971112f85a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2026 08:57:29 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 133/174] ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its
 filtered input stream

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  1 +
 .../io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java        | 13 ++++----
 .../io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java    | 33 ++++++++++++++++---
 3 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 10 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index a7003bb8713..13dacc4b0c3 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -50,6 +50,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index 1dda06115eb..a028bfbc0f6 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ private ReadAheadInputStream(final Builder builder) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold.
      *
      * @param inputStream       The underlying input stream.
      * @param bufferSizeInBytes The buffer size.
@@ -221,7 +221,7 @@ public ReadAheadInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final int bufferSizeI
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold.
      *
      * @param inputStream       The underlying input stream.
      * @param bufferSizeInBytes The buffer size.
@@ -234,7 +234,7 @@ public ReadAheadInputStream(final InputStream inputStream, final int bufferSizeI
     }
 
     /**
-     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold
+     * Constructs an instance with the specified buffer size and read-ahead threshold.
      *
      * @param inputStream             The underlying input stream.
      * @param bufferSizeInBytes       The buffer size.
@@ -293,7 +293,6 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
         } finally {
             stateChangeLock.unlock();
         }
-
         if (shutdownExecutorService) {
             try {
                 executorService.shutdownNow();
@@ -308,6 +307,9 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
                 }
             }
         }
+        if (isSafeToCloseUnderlyingInputStream) {
+            super.close();
+        }
     }
 
     private void closeUnderlyingInputStreamIfNecessary() {
@@ -352,7 +354,6 @@ public int read(final byte[] b, final int offset, int len) throws IOException {
         if (len == 0) {
             return 0;
         }
-
         if (!activeBuffer.hasRemaining()) {
             // No remaining in active buffer - lock and switch to write ahead buffer.
             stateChangeLock.lock();
@@ -538,7 +539,7 @@ private long skipInternal(final long n) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Flips the active and read ahead buffer
+     * Flips the active and read ahead buffers.
      */
     private void swapBuffers() {
         final ByteBuffer temp = activeBuffer;
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
index 94d7b289edd..6ad34e9b2b4 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
@@ -14,24 +14,31 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+
 package org.apache.commons.io.input;
 
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+
+import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
+import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
 
 /**
- * Tests {@link ReadAheadInputStream}.
- *
- * This class was ported and adapted from Apache Spark commit 933dc6cb7b3de1d8ccaf73d124d6eb95b947ed19 where it was called {@code ReadAheadInputStreamSuite}.
+ * Tests {@link ReadAheadInputStream}. This class was ported and adapted from Apache Spark commit 933dc6cb7b3de1d8ccaf73d124d6eb95b947ed19 where it was called
+ * {@code ReadAheadInputStreamSuite}.
  */
 class ReadAheadInputStreamTest extends AbstractInputStreamTest {
 
     @SuppressWarnings("resource")
     @BeforeEach
-    public void setUpInputStreams() throws IOException {
+    void setUpInputStreams() throws IOException {
         inputStreams = new InputStream[] {
                 // Tests equal and aligned buffers of wrapped an outer stream.
                 new ReadAheadInputStream(new BufferedFileChannelInputStream(InputPath, 8 * 1024), 8 * 1024),
@@ -57,4 +64,22 @@ public void setUpInputStreams() throws IOException {
                 ReadAheadInputStream.builder().setPath(InputPath).setOpenOptions(StandardOpenOption.READ).get() };
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testClosePlusExecutorService() throws IOException {
+        final ExecutorService externalExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
+        // We use an outer try-with-resources for only the test fixture instead of combining it with the ReadAheadInputStream allocation.
+        try (FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream("src/test/resources/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsTestDataLF.bin")) {
+            try {
+                try (ReadAheadInputStream rais = ReadAheadInputStream.builder().setInputStream(inputStream).setExecutorService(externalExecutor).get()) {
+                    assertEquals('1', rais.read());
+                }
+                // The underlying FileInputStream should be closed since ReadAheadInputStream is a FilterInputStream.
+                assertThrows(IOException.class, inputStream::read);
+                // The caller remains responsible for shutting down the executor.
+            } finally {
+                // TODO ExecutorService implements AutoCloseable in Java 19+.
+                externalExecutor.shutdown();
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }

From 5e39dd4778d58bf0c6314eae3da3781b809f5285 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 19 Jan 2026 15:40:04 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 134/174] Prepare for the next release candidate

---
 CONTRIBUTING.md               |  1 -
 README.md                     |  5 ++--
 RELEASE-NOTES.txt             | 55 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/changes/changes.xml       |  2 +-
 src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml | 26 ++++++++---------
 5 files changed, 71 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.md b/CONTRIBUTING.md
index 71936d344fd..e924b4ac04e 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.md
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.md
@@ -110,7 +110,6 @@ Additional Resources
 + [Contributor License Agreement][cla]
 + [General GitHub documentation](https://help.github.com/)
 + [GitHub pull request documentation](https://help.github.com/articles/creating-a-pull-request/)
-+ [Apache Commons Twitter Account](https://twitter.com/ApacheCommons)
 
 [cla]:https://www.apache.org/licenses/#clas
 [jira]:https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO
diff --git a/README.md b/README.md
index 36a82594a8e..8e4ae6db426 100644
--- a/README.md
+++ b/README.md
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ Apache Commons IO
 
 [![Java CI](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/maven.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/maven.yml)
 [![Maven Central](https://img.shields.io/maven-central/v/commons-io/commons-io?label=Maven%20Central)](https://search.maven.org/artifact/commons-io/commons-io)
-[![Javadocs](https://javadoc.io/badge/commons-io/commons-io/2.21.0.svg)](https://javadoc.io/doc/commons-io/commons-io/2.21.0)
+[![Javadocs](https://javadoc.io/badge/commons-io/commons-io/2.22.0.svg)](https://javadoc.io/doc/commons-io/commons-io/2.22.0)
 [![CodeQL](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml/badge.svg)](https://github.com/apache/commons-io/actions/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml)
 [![OpenSSF Scorecard](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/apache/commons-io/badge)](https://api.securityscorecards.dev/projects/github.com/apache/commons-io)
 
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Alternatively, you can pull it from the central Maven repositories:
 <dependency>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
   <artifactId>commons-io</artifactId>
-  <version>2.21.0</version>
+  <version>2.22.0</version>
 </dependency>
 ```
 
@@ -112,7 +112,6 @@ Additional Resources
 + [Apache Commons Homepage](https://commons.apache.org/)
 + [Apache Issue Tracker (JIRA)](https://issues.apache.org/jira/browse/IO)
 + [Apache Commons Slack Channel](https://the-asf.slack.com/archives/C60NVB8AD)
-+ [Apache Commons Twitter Account](https://twitter.com/ApacheCommons)
 
 Apache Commons Components
 -------------------------
diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index 3f84b517499..7de38f13ad8 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -1,4 +1,59 @@
 
+Apache Commons IO 2.22.0 Release Notes
+
+The Apache Commons IO team is pleased to announce the release of Apache Commons IO 2.22.0.
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters,
+file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
+
+This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.
+
+New features
+------------
+
+o          Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+
+Fixed Bugs
+----------
+
+o          Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Fix malformed Javadoc comments. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream. Thanks to Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory. 
+
+Changes
+-------
+
+o          Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 95 #816. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.3 #814, #820. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+
+
+Commons IO 2.7 and up requires Java 8 or above.
+Commons IO 2.6 requires Java 7 or above.
+Commons IO 2.3 through 2.5 requires Java 6 or above.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires Java 5 or above.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires Java 1.3 or above.
+
+Historical list of changes: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/changes.html
+
+For complete information on Apache Commons IO, including instructions on how to submit bug reports,
+patches, or suggestions for improvement, see the Apache Commons IO website:
+
+https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/
+
+Download page: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/download_io.cgi
+
+Have fun!
+-Apache Commons Team
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+
 Apache Commons IO 2.21.0 Release Notes
 
 The Apache Commons IO team is pleased to announce the release of Apache Commons IO 2.21.0.
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 13dacc4b0c3..dc1e4972998 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <title>Apache Commons IO Release Notes</title>
   </properties>
   <body>
-    <release version="2.22.0" date="YYYY-MM-DD" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
+    <release version="2.22.0" date="2026-01-19" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
diff --git a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
index 6a0ba144cd9..3f782a85373 100644
--- a/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
+++ b/src/site/xdoc/download_io.xml
@@ -115,32 +115,32 @@ limitations under the License.
       </p>
     </subsection>
     </section>
-    <section name="Apache Commons IO 2.21.0 (requires Java 8)">
+    <section name="Apache Commons IO 2.22.0 (requires Java 8)">
       <subsection name="Binaries">
         <table>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz">commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.tar.gz">commons-io-2.22.0-bin.tar.gz</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip">commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.21.0-bin.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.zip">commons-io-2.22.0-bin.zip</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/binaries/commons-io-2.22.0-bin.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
         </table>
       </subsection>
       <subsection name="Source">
         <table>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz">commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.tar.gz">commons-io-2.22.0-src.tar.gz</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.tar.gz.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.tar.gz.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
           <tr>
-              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip">commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
-              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.21.0-src.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
+              <td><a href="[preferred]/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.zip">commons-io-2.22.0-src.zip</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.zip.sha512">sha512</a></td>
+              <td><a href="https://downloads.apache.org/commons/io/source/commons-io-2.22.0-src.zip.asc">pgp</a></td>
           </tr>
         </table>
       </subsection>

From ed2de75357c63fc57c62cd1ab87447aefe3acbaa Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 06:43:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 135/174] [IO-884] IOUtils.contentEquals(Reader,Reader) makes
 an invalid assumption about read return value

- Add test IOUtilsTest.testContentEquals_Reader_Reader_unevenReads()
- Revert unreleased code to previous implementation
---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 1275 ++++++++---------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    |   43 +-
 .../commons/io/input/ChunkedReader.java       |   49 +
 3 files changed, 636 insertions(+), 731 deletions(-)
 create mode 100644 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ChunkedReader.java

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index 42774b3f78f..b3d73648f02 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -88,18 +88,13 @@
  * <li>contentEquals - these methods compare the content of two streams</li>
  * </ul>
  * <p>
- * The byte-to-char methods and char-to-byte methods involve a conversion step.
- * Two methods are provided in each case, one that uses the platform default
- * encoding and the other which allows you to specify an encoding. You are
- * encouraged to always specify an encoding because relying on the platform
- * default can lead to unexpected results, for example when moving from
- * development to production.
+ * The byte-to-char methods and char-to-byte methods involve a conversion step. Two methods are provided in each case, one that uses the platform default
+ * encoding and the other which allows you to specify an encoding. You are encouraged to always specify an encoding because relying on the platform default can
+ * lead to unexpected results, for example when moving from development to production.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * All the methods in this class that read a stream are buffered internally.
- * This means that there is no cause to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}
- * or {@link BufferedReader}. The default buffer size of 4K has been shown
- * to be efficient in tests.
+ * All the methods in this class that read a stream are buffered internally. This means that there is no cause to use a {@link BufferedInputStream} or
+ * {@link BufferedReader}. The default buffer size of 4K has been shown to be efficient in tests.
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * The various copy methods all delegate the actual copying to one of the following methods:
@@ -110,18 +105,14 @@
  * <li>{@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer, char[])}</li>
  * <li>{@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer, long, long, char[])}</li>
  * </ul>
- * For example, {@link #copy(InputStream, OutputStream)} calls {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream)}
- * which calls {@link #copy(InputStream, OutputStream, int)} which creates the buffer and calls
- * {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream, byte[])}.
+ * For example, {@link #copy(InputStream, OutputStream)} calls {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream)} which calls
+ * {@link #copy(InputStream, OutputStream, int)} which creates the buffer and calls {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream, byte[])}.
  * <p>
- * Applications can re-use buffers by using the underlying methods directly.
- * This may improve performance for applications that need to do a lot of copying.
+ * Applications can re-use buffers by using the underlying methods directly. This may improve performance for applications that need to do a lot of copying.
  * </p>
  * <p>
- * Wherever possible, the methods in this class do <em>not</em> flush or close
- * the stream. This is to avoid making non-portable assumptions about the
- * streams' origin and further use. Thus the caller is still responsible for
- * closing streams after use.
+ * Wherever possible, the methods in this class do <em>not</em> flush or close the stream. This is to avoid making non-portable assumptions about the streams'
+ * origin and further use. Thus the caller is still responsible for closing streams after use.
  * </p>
  * <p>
  * Provenance: Excalibur.
@@ -134,11 +125,13 @@ public class IOUtils {
 
     /**
      * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffer.
-     *
-     * <p>Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer
-     * is allocated to avoid data corruption.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer is
+     * allocated to avoid data corruption.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage:
+     * </p>
      *
      * <pre>{@code
      * try (ScratchBytes scratch = ScratchBytes.get()) {
@@ -151,10 +144,7 @@ public class IOUtils {
     static final class ScratchBytes implements AutoCloseable {
 
         /**
-         * Wraps an internal byte array.
-         *
-         * [0] boolean in use.
-         * [1] byte[] buffer.
+         * Wraps an internal byte array. [0] boolean in use. [1] byte[] buffer.
          */
         private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, byteArray() });
 
@@ -203,11 +193,13 @@ public void close() {
 
     /**
      * Holder for per-thread internal scratch buffer.
-     *
-     * <p>Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer
-     * is allocated to avoid data corruption.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * Buffers are created lazily and reused within the same thread to reduce allocation overhead. In the rare case of reentrant access, a temporary buffer is
+     * allocated to avoid data corruption.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage:
+     * </p>
      *
      * <pre>{@code
      * try (ScratchChars scratch = ScratchChars.get()) {
@@ -220,10 +212,7 @@ public void close() {
     static final class ScratchChars implements AutoCloseable {
 
         /**
-         * Wraps an internal char array.
-         *
-         * [0] boolean in use.
-         * [1] char[] buffer.
+         * Wraps an internal char array. [0] boolean in use. [1] char[] buffer.
          */
         private static final ThreadLocal<Object[]> LOCAL = ThreadLocal.withInitial(() -> new Object[] { false, charArray() });
 
@@ -351,8 +340,7 @@ public void close() {
     public static final int SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH = Integer.MAX_VALUE - 8;
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given InputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedInputStream}, otherwise creates a
-     * BufferedInputStream from the given InputStream.
+     * Returns the given InputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedInputStream}, otherwise creates a BufferedInputStream from the given InputStream.
      *
      * @param inputStream the InputStream to wrap or return (not null).
      * @return the given InputStream or a new {@link BufferedInputStream} for the given InputStream.
@@ -364,16 +352,14 @@ public static BufferedInputStream buffer(final InputStream inputStream) {
         // reject null early on rather than waiting for IO operation to fail
         // not checked by BufferedInputStream
         Objects.requireNonNull(inputStream, "inputStream");
-        return inputStream instanceof BufferedInputStream ?
-                (BufferedInputStream) inputStream : new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
+        return inputStream instanceof BufferedInputStream ? (BufferedInputStream) inputStream : new BufferedInputStream(inputStream);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given InputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedInputStream}, otherwise creates a
-     * BufferedInputStream from the given InputStream.
+     * Returns the given InputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedInputStream}, otherwise creates a BufferedInputStream from the given InputStream.
      *
      * @param inputStream the InputStream to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @param size the buffer size, if a new BufferedInputStream is created.
+     * @param size        the buffer size, if a new BufferedInputStream is created.
      * @return the given InputStream or a new {@link BufferedInputStream} for the given InputStream.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.5
@@ -383,13 +369,11 @@ public static BufferedInputStream buffer(final InputStream inputStream, final in
         // reject null early on rather than waiting for IO operation to fail
         // not checked by BufferedInputStream
         Objects.requireNonNull(inputStream, "inputStream");
-        return inputStream instanceof BufferedInputStream ?
-                (BufferedInputStream) inputStream : new BufferedInputStream(inputStream, size);
+        return inputStream instanceof BufferedInputStream ? (BufferedInputStream) inputStream : new BufferedInputStream(inputStream, size);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given OutputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedOutputStream}, otherwise creates a
-     * BufferedOutputStream from the given OutputStream.
+     * Returns the given OutputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedOutputStream}, otherwise creates a BufferedOutputStream from the given OutputStream.
      *
      * @param outputStream the OutputStream to wrap or return (not null).
      * @return the given OutputStream or a new {@link BufferedOutputStream} for the given OutputStream.
@@ -401,16 +385,14 @@ public static BufferedOutputStream buffer(final OutputStream outputStream) {
         // reject null early on rather than waiting for IO operation to fail
         // not checked by BufferedInputStream
         Objects.requireNonNull(outputStream, "outputStream");
-        return outputStream instanceof BufferedOutputStream ?
-                (BufferedOutputStream) outputStream : new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
+        return outputStream instanceof BufferedOutputStream ? (BufferedOutputStream) outputStream : new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given OutputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedOutputStream}, otherwise creates a
-     * BufferedOutputStream from the given OutputStream.
+     * Returns the given OutputStream if it is already a {@link BufferedOutputStream}, otherwise creates a BufferedOutputStream from the given OutputStream.
      *
      * @param outputStream the OutputStream to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @param size the buffer size, if a new BufferedOutputStream is created.
+     * @param size         the buffer size, if a new BufferedOutputStream is created.
      * @return the given OutputStream or a new {@link BufferedOutputStream} for the given OutputStream.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.5
@@ -420,13 +402,11 @@ public static BufferedOutputStream buffer(final OutputStream outputStream, final
         // reject null early on rather than waiting for IO operation to fail
         // not checked by BufferedInputStream
         Objects.requireNonNull(outputStream, "outputStream");
-        return outputStream instanceof BufferedOutputStream ?
-                (BufferedOutputStream) outputStream : new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, size);
+        return outputStream instanceof BufferedOutputStream ? (BufferedOutputStream) outputStream : new BufferedOutputStream(outputStream, size);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given reader if it is already a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from
-     * the given reader.
+     * Returns the given reader if it is already a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given reader.
      *
      * @param reader the reader to wrap or return (not null).
      * @return the given reader or a new {@link BufferedReader} for the given reader.
@@ -438,11 +418,10 @@ public static BufferedReader buffer(final Reader reader) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given reader if it is already a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the
-     * given reader.
+     * Returns the given reader if it is already a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given reader.
      *
      * @param reader the reader to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @param size the buffer size, if a new BufferedReader is created.
+     * @param size   the buffer size, if a new BufferedReader is created.
      * @return the given reader or a new {@link BufferedReader} for the given reader.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.5
@@ -452,8 +431,7 @@ public static BufferedReader buffer(final Reader reader, final int size) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given Writer if it is already a {@link BufferedWriter}, otherwise creates a BufferedWriter from the
-     * given Writer.
+     * Returns the given Writer if it is already a {@link BufferedWriter}, otherwise creates a BufferedWriter from the given Writer.
      *
      * @param writer the Writer to wrap or return (not null).
      * @return the given Writer or a new {@link BufferedWriter} for the given Writer.
@@ -465,11 +443,10 @@ public static BufferedWriter buffer(final Writer writer) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given Writer if it is already a {@link BufferedWriter}, otherwise creates a BufferedWriter from the
-     * given Writer.
+     * Returns the given Writer if it is already a {@link BufferedWriter}, otherwise creates a BufferedWriter from the given Writer.
      *
      * @param writer the Writer to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @param size the buffer size, if a new BufferedWriter is created.
+     * @param size   the buffer size, if a new BufferedWriter is created.
      * @return the given Writer or a new {@link BufferedWriter} for the given Writer.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.5
@@ -489,9 +466,7 @@ public static byte[] byteArray() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a new byte array of the given size.
-     *
-     * TODO Consider guarding or warning against large allocations.
+     * Returns a new byte array of the given size. TODO Consider guarding or warning against large allocations.
      *
      * @param size array size.
      * @return a new byte array of the given size.
@@ -513,9 +488,7 @@ private static char[] charArray() {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns a new char array of the given size.
-     *
-     * TODO Consider guarding or warning against large allocations.
+     * Returns a new char array of the given size. TODO Consider guarding or warning against large allocations.
      *
      * @param size array size.
      * @return a new char array of the given size.
@@ -527,19 +500,23 @@ private static char[] charArray(final int size) {
 
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-range {@code [off, off + len)} is within the bounds of the given array.
-     *
-     * <p>The range is valid if all of the following hold:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * The range is valid if all of the following hold:
+     * </p>
      * <ul>
-     *   <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code off + len <= array.length}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off + len <= array.length}</li>
      * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage in {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} and {@link OutputStream#write(byte[], int, int)} implementations:
+     * </p>
      *
-     * <p>If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage in {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} and {@link OutputStream#write(byte[], int, int)} implementations:</p>
-     *
-     * <pre><code>
+     * <pre>
+     * <code>
      * public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      *     IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(b, off, len);
      *     if (len == 0) {
@@ -557,7 +534,8 @@ private static char[] charArray(final int size) {
      *     ensureOpen();
      *     // perform write...
      * }
-     * </code></pre>
+     * </code>
+     * </pre>
      *
      * @param array the array against which the range is validated.
      * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive).
@@ -574,19 +552,23 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final byte[] array, final int off, final i
 
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-range {@code [off, off + len)} is within the bounds of the given array.
-     *
-     * <p>The range is valid if all of the following hold:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * The range is valid if all of the following hold:
+     * </p>
      * <ul>
-     *   <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code off + len <= array.length}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off + len <= array.length}</li>
      * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage in {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} and {@link Writer#write(char[], int, int)} implementations:
+     * </p>
      *
-     * <p>If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage in {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} and {@link Writer#write(char[], int, int)} implementations:</p>
-     *
-     * <pre><code>
+     * <pre>
+     * <code>
      * public int read(char[] cbuf, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      *     ensureOpen();
      *     IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(cbuf, off, len);
@@ -604,7 +586,8 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final byte[] array, final int off, final i
      *     }
      *     // perform write...
      * }
-     * </code></pre>
+     * </code>
+     * </pre>
      *
      * @param array the array against which the range is validated.
      * @param off   the starting offset into the array (inclusive).
@@ -627,19 +610,23 @@ static void checkFromIndexSize(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLeng
 
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-range {@code [off, off + len)} is within the bounds of the given string.
-     *
-     * <p>The range is valid if all of the following hold:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * The range is valid if all of the following hold:
+     * </p>
      * <ul>
-     *   <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code off + len <= str.length()}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code len >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code off + len <= str.length()}</li>
      * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage in {@link Writer#write(String, int, int)} implementations:
+     * </p>
      *
-     * <p>If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage in {@link Writer#write(String, int, int)} implementations:</p>
-     *
-     * <pre><code>
+     * <pre>
+     * <code>
      * public void write(String str, int off, int len) throws IOException {
      *     IOUtils.checkFromIndexSize(str, off, len);
      *     if (len == 0) {
@@ -647,7 +634,8 @@ static void checkFromIndexSize(final int off, final int len, final int arrayLeng
      *     }
      *     // perform write...
      * }
-     * </code></pre>
+     * </code>
+     * </pre>
      *
      * @param str the string against which the range is validated.
      * @param off the starting offset into the string (inclusive).
@@ -663,27 +651,33 @@ public static void checkFromIndexSize(final String str, final int off, final int
 
     /**
      * Validates that the sub-sequence {@code [fromIndex, toIndex)} is within the bounds of the given {@link CharSequence}.
-     *
-     * <p>The sub-sequence is valid if all of the following hold:</p>
+     * <p>
+     * The sub-sequence is valid if all of the following hold:
+     * </p>
      * <ul>
-     *   <li>{@code fromIndex >= 0}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code fromIndex <= toIndex}</li>
-     *   <li>{@code toIndex <= seq.length()}</li>
+     * <li>{@code fromIndex >= 0}</li>
+     * <li>{@code fromIndex <= toIndex}</li>
+     * <li>{@code toIndex <= seq.length()}</li>
      * </ul>
+     * <p>
+     * If {@code seq} is {@code null}, it is treated as the literal string {@code "null"} (length {@code 4}).
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * Typical usage in {@link Appendable#append(CharSequence, int, int)} implementations:
+     * </p>
      *
-     * <p>If {@code seq} is {@code null}, it is treated as the literal string {@code "null"} (length {@code 4}).</p>
-     *
-     * <p>If the range is invalid, throws {@link IndexOutOfBoundsException} with a descriptive message.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>Typical usage in {@link Appendable#append(CharSequence, int, int)} implementations:</p>
-     *
-     * <pre><code>
+     * <pre>
+     * <code>
      * public Appendable append(CharSequence csq, int start, int end) throws IOException {
      *     IOUtils.checkFromToIndex(csq, start, end);
      *     // perform append...
      *     return this;
      * }
-     * </code></pre>
+     * </code>
+     * </pre>
      *
      * @param seq       the character sequence to validate (may be {@code null}, treated as {@code "null"}).
      * @param fromIndex the starting index (inclusive).
@@ -744,7 +738,7 @@ public static void close(final Closeable... closeables) throws IOExceptionList {
      * Closes the given {@link Closeable} as a null-safe operation.
      *
      * @param closeable The resource to close, may be null.
-     * @param consumer Consume the IOException thrown by {@link Closeable#close()}.
+     * @param consumer  Consume the IOException thrown by {@link Closeable#close()}.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.7
      */
@@ -787,13 +781,12 @@ private static void closeQ(final Closeable closeable) {
 
     /**
      * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally.
-     *
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link Closeable#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in
-     * finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link Closeable#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * Closeable closeable = null;
      * try {
@@ -809,6 +802,7 @@ private static void closeQ(final Closeable closeable) {
      * <p>
      * Closing all streams:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * try {
      *     return IOUtils.copy(inputStream, outputStream);
@@ -831,7 +825,6 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable) {
 
     /**
      * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally and adds any exception thrown by the {@code close()} to the given Throwable.
-     *
      * <p>
      * For example:
      * </p>
@@ -850,7 +843,7 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable) {
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param <T> The Throwable type.
+     * @param <T>       The Throwable type.
      * @param closeable The object to close, may be null or already closed.
      * @param throwable Add the exception throw by the closeable to the given Throwable.
      * @return The given Throwable.
@@ -867,17 +860,14 @@ public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, fi
      * <p>
      * Equivalent to {@link Closeable#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
      * <p>
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks to ensure that the closeable is closed
-     * even if an Exception was thrown before the normal close statement was reached.
-     * <br>
-     * <b>It should not be used to replace the close statement(s)
-     * which should be present for the non-exceptional case.</b>
-     * <br>
-     * It is only intended to simplify tidying up where normal processing has already failed
-     * and reporting close failure as well is not necessary or useful.
+     * This is typically used in finally blocks to ensure that the closeable is closed even if an Exception was thrown before the normal close statement was
+     * reached. <br>
+     * <b>It should not be used to replace the close statement(s) which should be present for the non-exceptional case.</b> <br>
+     * It is only intended to simplify tidying up where normal processing has already failed and reporting close failure as well is not necessary or useful.
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * Closeable closeable = null;
      * try {
@@ -891,8 +881,8 @@ public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, fi
      * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
-     * Closing all streams:
-     * <br>
+     * Closing all streams: <br>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * try {
      *     return IOUtils.copy(inputStream, outputStream);
@@ -919,7 +909,7 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable... closeables) {
      * Closes the given {@link Closeable} as a null-safe operation while consuming IOException by the given {@code consumer}.
      *
      * @param closeable The resource to close, may be null.
-     * @param consumer Consumes the Exception thrown by {@link Closeable#close()}.
+     * @param consumer  Consumes the Exception thrown by {@link Closeable#close()}.
      * @since 2.7
      */
     public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, final Consumer<Exception> consumer) {
@@ -937,24 +927,24 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, final Consumer<Except
     /**
      * Closes an {@link InputStream} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link InputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link InputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   byte[] data = new byte[1024];
-     *   InputStream in = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       in = new FileInputStream("foo.txt");
-     *       in.read(data);
-     *       in.close(); //close errors are handled
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
-     *   }
+     * byte[] data = new byte[1024];
+     * InputStream in = null;
+     * try {
+     *     in = new FileInputStream("foo.txt");
+     *     in.read(data);
+     *     in.close(); // close errors are handled
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -986,20 +976,19 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Iterable<Closeable> closeables) {
     /**
      * Closes an {@link OutputStream} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link OutputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link OutputStream#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * byte[] data = "Hello, World".getBytes();
-     *
      * OutputStream out = null;
      * try {
      *     out = new FileOutputStream("foo.txt");
      *     out.write(data);
-     *     out.close(); //close errors are handled
+     *     out.close(); // close errors are handled
      * } catch (IOException e) {
      *     // error handling
      * } finally {
@@ -1020,24 +1009,24 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final OutputStream output) {
     /**
      * Closes an {@link Reader} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link Reader#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link Reader#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   char[] data = new char[1024];
-     *   Reader in = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       in = new FileReader("foo.txt");
-     *       in.read(data);
-     *       in.close(); //close errors are handled
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
-     *   }
+     * char[] data = new char[1024];
+     * Reader in = null;
+     * try {
+     *     in = new FileReader("foo.txt");
+     *     in.read(data);
+     *     in.close(); // close errors are handled
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(in);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -1053,23 +1042,22 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Reader reader) {
     /**
      * Closes a {@link Selector} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link Selector#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link Selector#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   Selector selector = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       selector = Selector.open();
-     *       // process socket
-     *
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
-     *   }
+     * Selector selector = null;
+     * try {
+     *     selector = Selector.open();
+     *     // process socket
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -1086,23 +1074,23 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Selector selector) {
     /**
      * Closes a {@link ServerSocket} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link ServerSocket#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link ServerSocket#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   ServerSocket socket = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       socket = new ServerSocket();
-     *       // process socket
-     *       socket.close();
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(socket);
-     *   }
+     * ServerSocket socket = null;
+     * try {
+     *     socket = new ServerSocket();
+     *     // process socket
+     *     socket.close();
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(socket);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -1119,23 +1107,23 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final ServerSocket serverSocket) {
     /**
      * Closes a {@link Socket} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link Socket#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link Socket#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   Socket socket = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       socket = new Socket("http://www.foo.com/", 80);
-     *       // process socket
-     *       socket.close();
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(socket);
-     *   }
+     * Socket socket = null;
+     * try {
+     *     socket = new Socket("http://www.foo.com/", 80);
+     *     // process socket
+     *     socket.close();
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(socket);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -1168,23 +1156,23 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Stream<Closeable> closeables) {
     /**
      * Closes an {@link Writer} unconditionally.
      * <p>
-     * Equivalent to {@link Writer#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored.
-     * This is typically used in finally blocks.
+     * Equivalent to {@link Writer#close()}, except any exceptions will be ignored. This is typically used in finally blocks.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example code:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
-     *   Writer out = null;
-     *   try {
-     *       out = new StringWriter();
-     *       out.write("Hello World");
-     *       out.close(); //close errors are handled
-     *   } catch (Exception e) {
-     *       // error handling
-     *   } finally {
-     *       IOUtils.closeQuietly(out);
-     *   }
+     * Writer out = null;
+     * try {
+     *     out = new StringWriter();
+     *     out.write("Hello World");
+     *     out.close(); // close errors are handled
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     * } finally {
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(out);
+     * }
      * </pre>
      * <p>
      * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
@@ -1206,7 +1194,7 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Writer writer) {
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @return the number of bytes copied. or {@code 0} if {@code input is null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.8.0
      */
     public static long consume(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
@@ -1222,7 +1210,7 @@ public static long consume(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
      * @param input the {@link Reader} to read.
      * @return the number of bytes copied. or {@code 0} if {@code input is null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the Reader is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.12.0
      */
     public static long consume(final Reader input) throws IOException {
@@ -1230,18 +1218,15 @@ public static long consume(final Reader input) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Compares the contents of two Streams to determine if they are equal or
-     * not.
+     * Compares the contents of two Streams to determine if they are equal or not.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally using
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream} if they are not already buffered.
+     * This method buffers the input internally using {@link BufferedInputStream} if they are not already buffered.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input1 the first stream.
      * @param input2 the second stream.
-     * @return true if the content of the streams are equal or they both don't.
-     * exist, false otherwise.
-     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @return true if the content of the streams are equal or they both don't. exist, false otherwise.
+     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // Caller closes input streams
     public static boolean contentEquals(final InputStream input1, final InputStream input2) throws IOException {
@@ -1276,11 +1261,10 @@ private static boolean contentEquals(final Iterator<?> iterator1, final Iterator
      * @param input2 the second reader.
      * @return true if the content of the readers are equal or they both don't exist, false otherwise.
      * @throws NullPointerException if either input is null.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) throws IOException {
-        // See IOUtilsContentEqualsReadersBenchmark_2_22_0 for performance testing.
         if (input1 == input2) {
             return true;
         }
@@ -1290,22 +1274,33 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final Reader input1, final Reader input2) th
         try (ScratchChars scratch = IOUtils.ScratchChars.get()) {
             final char[] array1 = scratch.array();
             final char[] array2 = charArray();
-            int read1;
-            int read2;
+            int pos1;
+            int pos2;
+            int count1;
+            int count2;
             while (true) {
-                read1 = input1.read(array1, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
-                read2 = input2.read(array2, 0, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
-                // If both read EOF here, they're equal.
-                if (read1 == EOF && read2 == EOF) {
-                    return true;
-                }
-                // If only one read EOF or different amounts, they're not equal.
-                if (read1 != read2) {
-                    return false;
-                }
-                // Compare the buffers - bulk comparison is faster than character-by-character
-                for (int i = 0; i < read1; i++) {
-                    if (array1[i] != array2[i]) {
+                pos1 = 0;
+                pos2 = 0;
+                for (int index = 0; index < DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE; index++) {
+                    if (pos1 == index) {
+                        do {
+                            count1 = input1.read(array1, pos1, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos1);
+                        } while (count1 == 0);
+                        if (count1 == EOF) {
+                            return pos2 == index && input2.read() == EOF;
+                        }
+                        pos1 += count1;
+                    }
+                    if (pos2 == index) {
+                        do {
+                            count2 = input2.read(array2, pos2, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE - pos2);
+                        } while (count2 == 0);
+                        if (count2 == EOF) {
+                            return pos1 == index && input1.read() == EOF;
+                        }
+                        pos2 += count2;
+                    }
+                    if (array1[index] != array2[index]) {
                         return false;
                     }
                 }
@@ -1336,16 +1331,14 @@ private static boolean contentEqualsIgnoreEOL(final BufferedReader reader1, fina
     }
 
     /**
-     * Compares the contents of two Readers to determine if they are equal or
-     * not, ignoring EOL characters.
+     * Compares the contents of two Readers to determine if they are equal or not, ignoring EOL characters.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally using
-     * {@link BufferedReader} if they are not already buffered.
+     * This method buffers the input internally using {@link BufferedReader} if they are not already buffered.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader1 the first reader.
      * @param reader2 the second reader.
-     * @return true if the content of the readers are equal (ignoring EOL differences),  false otherwise.
+     * @return true if the content of the readers are equal (ignoring EOL differences), false otherwise.
      * @throws NullPointerException if either input is null.
      * @throws UncheckedIOException if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
@@ -1367,17 +1360,16 @@ public static boolean contentEqualsIgnoreEOL(final Reader reader1, final Reader
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a bytes copied value of {@code -1} after the copy has completed since
-     * the correct number of bytes cannot be returned as an int. For large streams use the
-     * {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream)} method.
+     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a bytes copied value of {@code -1} after the copy has completed since the correct number of bytes cannot be returned
+     * as an int. For large streams use the {@link #copyLarge(InputStream, OutputStream)} method.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param inputStream  the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @return the number of bytes copied, or -1 if greater than {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
      */
     public static int copy(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException {
@@ -1386,19 +1378,18 @@ public static int copy(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputS
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream} using an internal buffer of the
-     * given size.
+     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream} using an internal buffer of the given size.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param inputStream  the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
-     * @param bufferSize the bufferSize used to copy from the input to the output.
+     * @param bufferSize   the bufferSize used to copy from the input to the output.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.5
      */
     public static long copy(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream, final int bufferSize) throws IOException {
@@ -1406,17 +1397,15 @@ public static long copy(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream output
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
-     * {@link Writer} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param input  the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1429,18 +1418,16 @@ public static void copy(final InputStream input, final Writer writer) throws IOE
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
-     * {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
+     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @param input        the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param writer       the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param inputCharset the charset to use for the input stream, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1451,22 +1438,19 @@ public static void copy(final InputStream input, final Writer writer, final Char
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a
-     * {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
+     * Copies bytes from an {@link InputStream} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link InputStreamReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @param input            the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param writer           the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param inputCharsetName the name of the requested charset for the InputStream, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException                         if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1480,8 +1464,7 @@ public static void copy(final InputStream input, final Writer writer, final Stri
     /**
      * Copies bytes from a {@link ByteArrayOutputStream} to a {@link QueueInputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * Unlike using JDK {@link PipedInputStream} and {@link PipedOutputStream} for this, this
-     * solution works safely in a single thread environment.
+     * Unlike using JDK {@link PipedInputStream} and {@link PipedOutputStream} for this, this solution works safely in a single thread environment.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * Example usage:
@@ -1490,14 +1473,13 @@ public static void copy(final InputStream input, final Writer writer, final Stri
      * <pre>
      * ByteArrayOutputStream outputStream = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
      * outputStream.writeBytes("hello world".getBytes(StandardCharsets.UTF_8));
-     *
      * InputStream inputStream = IOUtils.copy(outputStream);
      * </pre>
      *
      * @param outputStream the {@link ByteArrayOutputStream} to read.
      * @return the {@link QueueInputStream} filled with the content of the outputStream.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the {@link ByteArrayOutputStream} is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.12
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // streams are closed by the caller.
@@ -1511,14 +1493,11 @@ public static QueueInputStream copy(final java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream outputSt
     /**
      * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to a {@link Appendable}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of
-     * {@code -1} after the copy has completed since the correct
-     * number of chars cannot be returned as an int. For large streams
-     * use the {@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer)} method.
+     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of {@code -1} after the copy has completed since the correct number of chars cannot be returned
+     * as an int. For large streams use the {@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer)} method.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -1535,8 +1514,7 @@ public static long copy(final Reader reader, final Appendable output) throws IOE
     /**
      * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to an {@link Appendable}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -1559,8 +1537,8 @@ public static long copy(final Reader reader, final Appendable output, final Char
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default
-     * charset}, and calling flush.
+     * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset},
+     * and calling flush.
      * <p>
      * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
@@ -1640,14 +1618,11 @@ public static void copy(final Reader reader, final OutputStream output, final St
     /**
      * Copies chars from a {@link Reader} to a {@link Writer}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of
-     * {@code -1} after the copy has completed since the correct
-     * number of chars cannot be returned as an int. For large streams
-     * use the {@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer)} method.
+     * Large streams (over 2GB) will return a chars copied value of {@code -1} after the copy has completed since the correct number of chars cannot be returned
+     * as an int. For large streams use the {@link #copyLarge(Reader, Writer)} method.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -1674,12 +1649,12 @@ public static int copy(final Reader reader, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
      * The buffer size is given by {@link #DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param url the {@link URL} to read.
+     * @param url  the {@link URL} to read.
      * @param file the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the URL is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static long copy(final URL url, final File file) throws IOException {
@@ -1697,12 +1672,12 @@ public static long copy(final URL url, final File file) throws IOException {
      * The buffer size is given by {@link #DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param url the {@link URL} to read.
+     * @param url          the {@link URL} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the URL is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.9.0
      */
     public static long copy(final URL url, final OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException {
@@ -1712,49 +1687,43 @@ public static long copy(final URL url, final OutputStream outputStream) throws I
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an
-     * {@link OutputStream}.
+     * Copies bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * The buffer size is given by {@link #DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param inputStream  the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.3
      */
-    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream) throws IOException {
         return copy(inputStream, outputStream, DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an
-     * {@link OutputStream}.
+     * Copies bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param inputStream  the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param outputStream the {@link OutputStream} to write.
-     * @param buffer the buffer to use for the copy.
+     * @param buffer       the buffer to use for the copy.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the InputStream is {@code null}.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the OutputStream is {@code null}.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     @SuppressWarnings("resource") // streams are closed by the caller.
-    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream, final byte[] buffer)
-        throws IOException {
+    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream outputStream, final byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
         Objects.requireNonNull(inputStream, "inputStream");
         Objects.requireNonNull(outputStream, "outputStream");
         long count = 0;
@@ -1767,23 +1736,20 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream inputStream, final OutputStream o
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies some or all bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an
-     * {@link OutputStream}, optionally skipping input bytes.
+     * Copies some or all bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream}, optionally skipping input bytes.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}.
-     * This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation,
-     * this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
+     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}. This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual
+     * skip implementation, this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
      * </p>
      * The buffer size is given by {@link #DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE}.
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write.
+     * @param input       the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param output      the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @param inputOffset number of bytes to skip from input before copying, these bytes are ignored.
-     * @param length number of bytes to copy.
+     * @param length      number of bytes to copy.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -1796,30 +1762,27 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output,
     }
 
     /**
-     * Copies some or all bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an
-     * {@link OutputStream}, optionally skipping input bytes.
+     * Copies some or all bytes from a large (over 2GB) {@link InputStream} to an {@link OutputStream}, optionally skipping input bytes.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}.
-     * This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation,
-     * this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
+     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}. This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual
+     * skip implementation, this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write.
+     * @param input       the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param output      the {@link OutputStream} to write.
      * @param inputOffset number of bytes to skip from input before copying, these bytes are ignored.
-     * @param length number of bytes to copy.
-     * @param buffer the buffer to use for the copy.
+     * @param length      number of bytes to copy.
+     * @param buffer      the buffer to use for the copy.
      * @return the number of bytes copied.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input or output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output,
-                                 final long inputOffset, final long length, final byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
+    public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output, final long inputOffset, final long length, final byte[] buffer)
+            throws IOException {
         if (inputOffset > 0) {
             skipFully(input, inputOffset);
         }
@@ -1847,8 +1810,7 @@ public static long copyLarge(final InputStream input, final OutputStream output,
     /**
      * Copies chars from a large (over 2GB) {@link Reader} to a {@link Writer}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * The buffer size is given by {@link #DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE}.
@@ -1870,8 +1832,7 @@ public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer) throws IO
     /**
      * Copies chars from a large (over 2GB) {@link Reader} to a {@link Writer}.
      * <p>
-     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method uses the provided buffer, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to source.
@@ -1960,21 +1921,13 @@ public static long copyLarge(final Reader reader, final Writer writer, final lon
      * Copies up to {@code size} bytes from the given {@link InputStream} into a new {@link UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream}.
      *
      * @param input      The {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
-     * @param limit      The maximum number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0}.
-     *                   The actual bytes read are validated to equal {@code size}.
+     * @param limit      The maximum number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0}. The actual bytes read are validated to equal {@code size}.
      * @param bufferSize The buffer size of the output stream; must be {@code > 0}.
      * @return a ByteArrayOutputStream containing the read bytes.
      */
-    static UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream copyToOutputStream(
-            final InputStream input, final long limit, final int bufferSize) throws IOException {
-        try (UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream output = UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.builder()
-                        .setBufferSize(bufferSize)
-                        .get();
-                InputStream boundedInput = BoundedInputStream.builder()
-                        .setMaxCount(limit)
-                        .setPropagateClose(false)
-                        .setInputStream(input)
-                        .get()) {
+    static UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream copyToOutputStream(final InputStream input, final long limit, final int bufferSize) throws IOException {
+        try (UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream output = UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream.builder().setBufferSize(bufferSize).get();
+                InputStream boundedInput = BoundedInputStream.builder().setMaxCount(limit).setPropagateClose(false).setInputStream(input).get()) {
             output.write(boundedInput);
             return output;
         }
@@ -2025,31 +1978,29 @@ public static int length(final Object[] array) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns an Iterator for the lines in an {@link InputStream}, using
-     * the character encoding specified (or default encoding if null).
+     * Returns an Iterator for the lines in an {@link InputStream}, using the character encoding specified (or default encoding if null).
      * <p>
-     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open
-     * {@link InputStream} specified here. When you have finished with
-     * the iterator you should close the stream to free internal resources.
-     * This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the stream directly, or by calling
+     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open {@link InputStream} specified here. When you have finished with the iterator you should close the
+     * stream to free internal resources. This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the stream directly, or by calling
      * {@link LineIterator#close()}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * The recommended usage pattern is:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * try {
-     *   LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(stream, charset);
-     *   while (it.hasNext()) {
-     *     String line = it.nextLine();
-     *     /// do something with line
-     *   }
+     *     LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(stream, charset);
+     *     while (it.hasNext()) {
+     *         String line = it.nextLine();
+     *         /// do something with line
+     *     }
      * } finally {
-     *   IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
      * }
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
+     * @param input   the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return an Iterator of the lines in the reader, never null.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if the input is null.
@@ -2060,31 +2011,29 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final InputStream input, final Charset c
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns an Iterator for the lines in an {@link InputStream}, using
-     * the character encoding specified (or default encoding if null).
+     * Returns an Iterator for the lines in an {@link InputStream}, using the character encoding specified (or default encoding if null).
      * <p>
-     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open
-     * {@link InputStream} specified here. When you have finished with
-     * the iterator you should close the stream to free internal resources.
-     * This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the stream directly, or by calling
+     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open {@link InputStream} specified here. When you have finished with the iterator you should close the
+     * stream to free internal resources. This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the stream directly, or by calling
      * {@link LineIterator#close()}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * The recommended usage pattern is:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * try {
-     *   LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(stream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
-     *   while (it.hasNext()) {
-     *     String line = it.nextLine();
-     *     /// do something with line
-     *   }
+     *     LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(stream, StandardCharsets.UTF_8.name());
+     *     while (it.hasNext()) {
+     *         String line = it.nextLine();
+     *         /// do something with line
+     *     }
      * } finally {
-     *   IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(stream);
      * }
      * </pre>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
+     * @param input       the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
      * @param charsetName the encoding to use, null means platform default.
      * @return an Iterator of the lines in the reader, never null.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException                     if the input is null.
@@ -2098,24 +2047,22 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final InputStream input, final String ch
     /**
      * Returns an Iterator for the lines in a {@link Reader}.
      * <p>
-     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open
-     * {@link Reader} specified here. When you have finished with the
-     * iterator you should close the reader to free internal resources.
-     * This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the reader directly, or by calling
-     * {@link LineIterator#close()}.
+     * {@link LineIterator} holds a reference to the open {@link Reader} specified here. When you have finished with the iterator you should close the reader to
+     * free internal resources. This can be done by using a try-with-resources block, closing the reader directly, or by calling {@link LineIterator#close()}.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * The recommended usage pattern is:
      * </p>
+     *
      * <pre>
      * try {
-     *   LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(reader);
-     *   while (it.hasNext()) {
-     *     String line = it.nextLine();
-     *     /// do something with line
-     *   }
+     *     LineIterator it = IOUtils.lineIterator(reader);
+     *     while (it.hasNext()) {
+     *         String line = it.nextLine();
+     *         /// do something with line
+     *     }
      * } finally {
-     *   IOUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
+     *     IOUtils.closeQuietly(reader);
      * }
      * </pre>
      *
@@ -2131,16 +2078,15 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final Reader reader) {
     /**
      * Reads bytes from an input stream.
      * <p>
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * subclasses of {@link InputStream}.
+     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for subclasses of
+     * {@link InputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input where to read input from.
+     * @param input  where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
      * @throws NullPointerException if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws IOException if a read error occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
@@ -2150,24 +2096,21 @@ public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throws IOEx
     /**
      * Reads bytes from an input stream.
      * <p>
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * subclasses of {@link InputStream}.
+     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for subclasses of
+     * {@link InputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input where to read input.
+     * @param input  where to read input.
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
-     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
-     * @throws IOException              if a read error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
+     * @throws IOException               if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
         checkFromIndexSize(buffer, offset, length);
         int remaining = length;
         while (remaining > 0) {
@@ -2184,12 +2127,11 @@ public static int read(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int o
     /**
      * Reads bytes from a ReadableByteChannel.
      * <p>
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * subclasses of {@link ReadableByteChannel}.
+     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for subclasses of
+     * {@link ReadableByteChannel}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the byte channel to read.
+     * @param input  the byte channel to read.
      * @param buffer byte buffer destination.
      * @return the actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
      * @throws IOException if a read error occurs.
@@ -2209,9 +2151,8 @@ public static int read(final ReadableByteChannel input, final ByteBuffer buffer)
     /**
      * Reads characters from an input character stream.
      * <p>
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * subclasses of {@link Reader}.
+     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for subclasses of
+     * {@link Reader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader where to read input from.
@@ -2227,9 +2168,8 @@ public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IOExcept
     /**
      * Reads characters from an input character stream.
      * <p>
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * subclasses of {@link Reader}.
+     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for subclasses of
+     * {@link Reader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader where to read input from.
@@ -2237,14 +2177,12 @@ public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IOExcept
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
      * @return actual length read; may be less than requested if EOF was reached.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
-     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
-     * @throws IOException              if a read error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
+     * @throws IOException               if a read error occurs.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
         checkFromIndexSize(buffer, offset, length);
         int remaining = length;
         while (remaining > 0) {
@@ -2261,15 +2199,15 @@ public static int read(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offse
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may
-     * not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching
+     * EOF).
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input where to read input from.
+     * @param input  where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws EOFException             if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws EOFException         if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException          if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throws IOException {
@@ -2279,23 +2217,21 @@ public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer) throw
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may
-     * not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching
+     * EOF).
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input where to read input from.
+     * @param input  where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
-     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
-     * @throws EOFException             if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code input} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
+     * @throws EOFException              if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException               if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
         final int actual = read(input, buffer, offset, length);
         if (actual != length) {
             throw new EOFException("Length to read: " + length + " actual: " + actual);
@@ -2305,11 +2241,11 @@ public static void readFully(final InputStream input, final byte[] buffer, final
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may
-     * not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#read(byte[], int, int)} may not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching
+     * EOF).
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input where to read input from.
+     * @param input  where to read input from.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
      * @return the bytes read from input.
      * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
@@ -2326,11 +2262,11 @@ public static byte[] readFully(final InputStream input, final int length) throws
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link ReadableByteChannel#read(ByteBuffer)} may
-     * not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link ReadableByteChannel#read(ByteBuffer)} may not read as many bytes as requested (most likely because of
+     * reaching EOF).
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the byte channel to read.
+     * @param input  the byte channel to read.
      * @param buffer byte buffer destination.
      * @throws IOException  if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @throws EOFException if the number of bytes read was incorrect.
@@ -2347,15 +2283,15 @@ public static void readFully(final ReadableByteChannel input, final ByteBuffer b
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of characters or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} may
-     * not read as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} may not read as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching
+     * EOF).
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws EOFException             if the number of characters read was incorrect.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
+     * @throws NullPointerException if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws EOFException         if the number of characters read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException          if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
     public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IOException {
@@ -2365,23 +2301,21 @@ public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer) throws IO
     /**
      * Reads the requested number of characters or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} may
-     * not read as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} may not read as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching
+     * EOF).
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader where to read input from.
      * @param buffer destination.
      * @param offset initial offset into buffer.
      * @param length length to read, must be &gt;= 0.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
-     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if
-     *                                   {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
-     * @throws EOFException             if the number of characters read was incorrect.
-     * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
+     * @throws NullPointerException      if {@code reader} or {@code buffer} is null.
+     * @throws IndexOutOfBoundsException if {@code offset} or {@code length} is negative, or if {@code offset + length} is greater than {@code buffer.length}.
+     * @throws EOFException              if the number of characters read was incorrect.
+     * @throws IOException               if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @since 2.2
      */
-    public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void readFully(final Reader reader, final char[] buffer, final int offset, final int length) throws IOException {
         final int actual = read(reader, buffer, offset, length);
         if (actual != length) {
             throw new EOFException("Length to read: " + length + " actual: " + actual);
@@ -2403,11 +2337,10 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final CharSequence csq) throws UncheckedIOE
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings,
-     * one entry per line, using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset()
+     * default charset}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
@@ -2423,14 +2356,12 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final InputStream input) throws UncheckedIO
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings,
-     * one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
+     * @param input   the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the list of Strings, never null.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -2442,18 +2373,15 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final InputStream input, final Charset char
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings,
-     * one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a list of Strings, one entry per line, using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
+     * @param input       the {@link InputStream} to read, not null.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return the list of Strings, never null.
      * @throws NullPointerException                         if the input is null.
@@ -2466,11 +2394,9 @@ public static List<String> readLines(final InputStream input, final String chars
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a list of Strings,
-     * one entry per line.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a list of Strings, one entry per line.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read, not null.
@@ -2506,7 +2432,7 @@ public static byte[] resourceToByteArray(final String name) throws IOException {
      * Delegates to {@link #resourceToURL(String, ClassLoader)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param name The resource name.
+     * @param name        The resource name.
      * @param classLoader the class loader that the resolution of the resource is delegated to.
      * @return the requested byte array.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs or the resource is not found.
@@ -2523,7 +2449,7 @@ public static byte[] resourceToByteArray(final String name, final ClassLoader cl
      * Delegates to {@link #resourceToString(String, Charset, ClassLoader) resourceToString(String, Charset, null)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param name The resource name.
+     * @param name    The resource name.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs or the resource is not found.
@@ -2540,8 +2466,8 @@ public static String resourceToString(final String name, final Charset charset)
      * Delegates to {@link #resourceToURL(String, ClassLoader)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param name The resource name.
-     * @param charset the Charset to use, null means platform default.
+     * @param name        The resource name.
+     * @param charset     the Charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @param classLoader the class loader that the resolution of the resource is delegated to.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -2570,11 +2496,11 @@ public static URL resourceToURL(final String name) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets a URL pointing to the given resource.
      * <p>
-     * If the {@code classLoader} is not null, call {@link ClassLoader#getResource(String)}, otherwise call
-     * {@link Class#getResource(String) IOUtils.class.getResource(name)}.
+     * If the {@code classLoader} is not null, call {@link ClassLoader#getResource(String)}, otherwise call {@link Class#getResource(String)
+     * IOUtils.class.getResource(name)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param name The resource name.
+     * @param name        The resource name.
      * @param classLoader Delegate to this class loader if not null.
      * @return A URL object for reading the resource.
      * @throws IOException if the resource is not found.
@@ -2634,7 +2560,7 @@ public static long skip(final InputStream input, final long skip) throws IOExcep
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input              byte stream to skip.
-     * @param skip             number of bytes to skip.
+     * @param skip               number of bytes to skip.
      * @param skipBufferSupplier Supplies the buffer to use for reading.
      * @return number of bytes actually skipped.
      * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
@@ -2666,11 +2592,9 @@ public static long skip(final InputStream input, final long skip, final Supplier
     }
 
     /**
-     * Skips bytes from a ReadableByteChannel.
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes
-     * as possible before giving up.
+     * Skips bytes from a ReadableByteChannel. This implementation guarantees that it will read as many bytes as possible before giving up.
      *
-     * @param input ReadableByteChannel to skip.
+     * @param input  ReadableByteChannel to skip.
      * @param toSkip number of bytes to skip.
      * @return number of bytes actually skipped.
      * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the ReadableByteChannel.
@@ -2696,15 +2620,12 @@ public static long skip(final ReadableByteChannel input, final long toSkip) thro
     }
 
     /**
-     * Skips characters from an input character stream.
-     * This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters
-     * as possible before giving up; this may not always be the case for
-     * skip() implementations in subclasses of {@link Reader}.
+     * Skips characters from an input character stream. This implementation guarantees that it will read as many characters as possible before giving up; this
+     * may not always be the case for skip() implementations in subclasses of {@link Reader}.
      * <p>
-     * Note that the implementation uses {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} rather
-     * than delegating to {@link Reader#skip(long)}.
-     * This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation,
-     * this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
+     * Note that the implementation uses {@link Reader#read(char[], int, int)} rather than delegating to {@link Reader#skip(long)}. This means that the method
+     * may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation, this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are
+     * skipped.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader character stream to skip.
@@ -2738,16 +2659,14 @@ public static long skip(final Reader reader, final long toSkip) throws IOExcepti
     /**
      * Skips the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#skip(long)} may
-     * not skip as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link InputStream#skip(long)} may not skip as many bytes as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}.
-     * This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation,
-     * this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
+     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(InputStream, long)}. This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual
+     * skip implementation, this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input stream to skip.
+     * @param input  stream to skip.
      * @param toSkip the number of bytes to skip.
      * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the file.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if toSkip is negative.
@@ -2798,7 +2717,7 @@ public static void skipFully(final InputStream input, final long toSkip, final S
     /**
      * Skips the requested number of bytes or fail if there are not enough left.
      *
-     * @param input ReadableByteChannel to skip.
+     * @param input  ReadableByteChannel to skip.
      * @param toSkip the number of bytes to skip.
      * @throws IOException              if there is a problem reading the ReadableByteChannel.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if toSkip is negative.
@@ -2818,13 +2737,11 @@ public static void skipFully(final ReadableByteChannel input, final long toSkip)
     /**
      * Skips the requested number of characters or fail if there are not enough left.
      * <p>
-     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#skip(long)} may
-     * not skip as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
+     * This allows for the possibility that {@link Reader#skip(long)} may not skip as many characters as requested (most likely because of reaching EOF).
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(Reader, long)}.
-     * This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip implementation,
-     * this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
+     * Note that the implementation uses {@link #skip(Reader, long)}. This means that the method may be considerably less efficient than using the actual skip
+     * implementation, this is done to guarantee that the correct number of characters are skipped.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader stream to skip.
@@ -2892,8 +2809,7 @@ public static InputStream toBufferedInputStream(final InputStream input, final i
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given reader if it is a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given
-     * reader.
+     * Returns the given reader if it is a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given reader.
      *
      * @param reader the reader to wrap or return (not null).
      * @return the given reader or a new {@link BufferedReader} for the given reader.
@@ -2906,11 +2822,10 @@ public static BufferedReader toBufferedReader(final Reader reader) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given reader if it is a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given
-     * reader.
+     * Returns the given reader if it is a {@link BufferedReader}, otherwise creates a BufferedReader from the given reader.
      *
      * @param reader the reader to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @param size the buffer size, if a new BufferedReader is created.
+     * @param size   the buffer size, if a new BufferedReader is created.
      * @return the given reader or a new {@link BufferedReader} for the given reader.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @see #buffer(Reader)
@@ -2922,16 +2837,15 @@ public static BufferedReader toBufferedReader(final Reader reader, final int siz
 
     /**
      * Reads all the bytes from an input stream in a byte array.
-     *
-     * <p>The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to the number
-     * of bytes read, which is only limited by {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. Only streams
-     * which fit into a single byte array with roughly 2 GiB limit can be processed
-     * with this method.</p>
+     * <p>
+     * The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to the number of bytes read, which is only limited by {@link Integer#MAX_VALUE}. Only
+     * streams which fit into a single byte array with roughly 2 GiB limit can be processed with this method.
+     * </p>
      *
      * @param inputStream The {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
      * @return A new byte array.
-     * @throws IOException              If an I/O error occurs while reading or if the maximum array size is exceeded.
-     * @throws NullPointerException     If {@code inputStream} is {@code null}.
+     * @throws IOException          If an I/O error occurs while reading or if the maximum array size is exceeded.
+     * @throws NullPointerException If {@code inputStream} is {@code null}.
      */
     public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream inputStream) throws IOException {
         // Using SOFT_MAX_ARRAY_LENGTH guarantees that size() will not overflow
@@ -2944,10 +2858,10 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream inputStream) throws IOExcepti
 
     /**
      * Reads exactly {@code size} bytes from the given {@link InputStream} into a new {@code byte[]}.
-     *
-     * <p>This variant always allocates the whole requested array size,
-     * for a dynamic growing variant use {@link #toByteArray(InputStream, int, int)},
-     * which enforces stricter memory usage constraints.</p>
+     * <p>
+     * This variant always allocates the whole requested array size, for a dynamic growing variant use {@link #toByteArray(InputStream, int, int)}, which
+     * enforces stricter memory usage constraints.
+     * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
      * @param size  the exact number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0}.
@@ -2964,19 +2878,17 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final int size) throws
 
     /**
      * Reads exactly {@code size} bytes from the given {@link InputStream} into a new {@code byte[]}.
+     * <p>
+     * The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to the number of bytes read and limited by the specified {@code size}. This makes it
+     * suitable for processing large input streams, provided that <strong>sufficient</strong> heap space is available.
+     * </p>
+     * <p>
+     * This method processes the input stream in successive chunks of up to {@code chunkSize} bytes.
+     * </p>
      *
-     * <p>The memory used by this method is <strong>proportional</strong> to the number
-     * of bytes read and limited by the specified {@code size}. This makes it suitable for
-     * processing large input streams, provided that <strong>sufficient</strong> heap space is
-     * available.</p>
-     *
-     * <p>This method processes the input stream in successive chunks of up to
-     * {@code chunkSize} bytes.</p>
-     *
-     * @param input      the {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
-     * @param size       the exact number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0}.
-     *                   The actual bytes read are validated to equal {@code size}.
-     * @param chunkSize  The chunk size for incremental reading; must be {@code > 0}.
+     * @param input     the {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
+     * @param size      the exact number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0}. The actual bytes read are validated to equal {@code size}.
+     * @param chunkSize The chunk size for incremental reading; must be {@code > 0}.
      * @return a new byte array of length {@code size}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is negative or {@code chunkSize <= 0}.
      * @throws EOFException             if the stream ends before {@code size} bytes are read.
@@ -3003,10 +2915,10 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final int size, final
 
     /**
      * Reads exactly {@code size} bytes from the given {@link InputStream} into a new {@code byte[]}.
-     *
-     * <p>This variant always allocates the whole requested array size,
-     * for a dynamic growing variant use {@link #toByteArray(InputStream, int, int)},
-     * which enforces stricter memory usage constraints.</p>
+     * <p>
+     * This variant always allocates the whole requested array size, for a dynamic growing variant use {@link #toByteArray(InputStream, int, int)}, which
+     * enforces stricter memory usage constraints.
+     * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read; must not be {@code null}.
      * @param size  the exact number of bytes to read; must be {@code >= 0} and {@code <= Integer.MAX_VALUE}.
@@ -3029,10 +2941,10 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final InputStream input, final long size) throw
      * Gets the contents of an input as a {@code byte[]}.
      *
      * @param input the input to read, not null.
-     * @param size the size of the input to read, where 0 &lt; {@code size} &lt;= length of input.
+     * @param size  the size of the input to read, where 0 &lt; {@code size} &lt;= length of input.
      * @return byte [] of length {@code size}.
-     * @throws EOFException if the end of the input is reached before reading {@code size} bytes.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O error occurs or input length is smaller than parameter {@code size}.
+     * @throws EOFException             if the end of the input is reached before reading {@code size} bytes.
+     * @throws IOException              if an I/O error occurs or input length is smaller than parameter {@code size}.
      * @throws IllegalArgumentException if {@code size} is less than zero.
      */
     static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer> input, final int size) throws IOException {
@@ -3055,11 +2967,9 @@ static byte[] toByteArray(final IOTriFunction<byte[], Integer, Integer, Integer>
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -3074,14 +2984,12 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final Reader reader) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
+     * @param reader  the {@link Reader} to read.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested byte array.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -3096,18 +3004,15 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final Reader reader, final Charset charset) thr
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a {@code byte[]} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
+     * @param reader      the {@link Reader} to read.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested byte array.
      * @throws NullPointerException                         if the input is null.
@@ -3120,8 +3025,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final Reader reader, final String charsetName)
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@link String} as a {@code byte[]}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@link String} as a {@code byte[]} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This is the same as {@link String#getBytes()}.
      * </p>
@@ -3171,7 +3075,7 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final URL url) throws IOException {
      * @param urlConnection the {@link URLConnection} to read.
      * @return the requested byte array.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the urlConn is null.
-     * @throws IOException if an I/O exception occurs.
+     * @throws IOException          if an I/O exception occurs.
      * @since 2.4
      */
     public static byte[] toByteArray(final URLConnection urlConnection) throws IOException {
@@ -3181,11 +3085,9 @@ public static byte[] toByteArray(final URLConnection urlConnection) throws IOExc
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
@@ -3201,37 +3103,31 @@ public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream) throws IOExcepti
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
+     * @param charset     the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested character array.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.3
      */
-    public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream, final Charset charset)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream, final Charset charset) throws IOException {
         final CharArrayWriter writer = new CharArrayWriter();
         copy(inputStream, writer, charset);
         return writer.toCharArray();
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a character array using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param inputStream the {@link InputStream} to read.
@@ -3249,8 +3145,7 @@ public static char[] toCharArray(final InputStream inputStream, final String cha
     /**
      * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a character array.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -3266,8 +3161,8 @@ public static char[] toCharArray(final Reader reader) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default
+     * charset}.
      *
      * @param input the CharSequence to convert.
      * @return an input stream.
@@ -3280,10 +3175,9 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final CharSequence input) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
      *
-     * @param input the CharSequence to convert.
+     * @param input   the CharSequence to convert.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return an input stream.
      * @since 2.3
@@ -3293,14 +3187,12 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final CharSequence input, final Charset
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Converts the specified CharSequence to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the CharSequence to convert.
+     * @param input       the CharSequence to convert.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return an input stream.
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
@@ -3311,8 +3203,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final CharSequence input, final String c
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param input the string to convert.
      * @return an input stream.
@@ -3325,10 +3216,9 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final String input) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
      *
-     * @param input the string to convert.
+     * @param input   the string to convert.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return an input stream.
      * @since 2.3
@@ -3338,14 +3228,12 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final String input, final Charset charse
     }
 
     /**
-     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Converts the specified string to an input stream, encoded as bytes using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the string to convert.
+     * @param input       the string to convert.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return an input stream.
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
@@ -3356,8 +3244,7 @@ public static InputStream toInputStream(final String input, final String charset
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@code byte[]} as a String
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@code byte[]} as a String using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      *
      * @param input the byte array to read.
      * @return the requested String.
@@ -3371,14 +3258,12 @@ public static String toString(final byte[] input) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of a {@code byte[]} as a String
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of a {@code byte[]} as a String using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the byte array to read.
+     * @param input       the byte array to read.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -3388,11 +3273,9 @@ public static String toString(final byte[] input, final String charsetName) {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
@@ -3407,14 +3290,12 @@ public static String toString(final InputStream input) throws IOException {
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param input   the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -3429,38 +3310,32 @@ public static String toString(final InputStream input, final Charset charset) th
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} as a String using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param input       the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws NullPointerException                         if the input is null.
      * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      */
-    public static String toString(final InputStream input, final String charsetName)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static String toString(final InputStream input, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
         return toString(input, Charsets.toCharset(charsetName));
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} from a supplier as a String
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} from a supplier as a String using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input supplies the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param input   supplies the {@link InputStream} to read.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -3474,15 +3349,13 @@ public static String toString(final IOSupplier<InputStream> input, final Charset
     }
 
     /**
-     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} from a supplier as a String
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Gets the contents of an {@link InputStream} from a supplier as a String using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedInputStream}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedInputStream}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param input supplies the {@link InputStream} to read.
-     * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
+     * @param input         supplies the {@link InputStream} to read.
+     * @param charset       the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @param defaultString the default return value if the supplier or its value is null.
      * @return the requested String.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input is null.
@@ -3501,8 +3374,7 @@ public static String toString(final IOSupplier<InputStream> input, final Charset
     /**
      * Gets the contents of a {@link Reader} as a String.
      * <p>
-     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a
-     * {@link BufferedReader}.
+     * This method buffers the input internally, so there is no need to use a {@link BufferedReader}.
      * </p>
      *
      * @param reader the {@link Reader} to read.
@@ -3534,7 +3406,7 @@ public static String toString(final URI uri) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets the contents at the given URI.
      *
-     * @param uri The URI source.
+     * @param uri      The URI source.
      * @param encoding The encoding name for the URL contents.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O exception occurs.
@@ -3547,7 +3419,7 @@ public static String toString(final URI uri, final Charset encoding) throws IOEx
     /**
      * Gets the contents at the given URI.
      *
-     * @param uri The URI source.
+     * @param uri         The URI source.
      * @param charsetName The encoding name for the URL contents.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
      * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O exception occurs.
@@ -3575,7 +3447,7 @@ public static String toString(final URL url) throws IOException {
     /**
      * Gets the contents at the given URL.
      *
-     * @param url The URL source.
+     * @param url      The URL source.
      * @param encoding The encoding name for the URL contents.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
      * @throws IOException if an I/O exception occurs.
@@ -3588,7 +3460,7 @@ public static String toString(final URL url, final Charset encoding) throws IOEx
     /**
      * Gets the contents at the given URL.
      *
-     * @param url The URL source.
+     * @param url         The URL source.
      * @param charsetName The encoding name for the URL contents.
      * @return The contents of the URL as a String.
      * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O exception occurs.
@@ -3608,22 +3480,19 @@ public static String toString(final URL url, final String charsetName) throws IO
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 1.1
      */
-    public static void write(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         if (data != null) {
             output.write(data);
         }
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer}
-     * using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#String(byte[])}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the byte array to write, do not modify during output,
-     * null ignored.
+     * @param data   the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3636,15 +3505,13 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer}
-     * using the specified character encoding.
+     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to chars on a {@link Writer} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#String(byte[], String)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the byte array to write, do not modify during output,
-     * null ignored.
-     * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
+     * @param data    the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored.
+     * @param writer  the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3691,8 +3558,7 @@ public static void write(final byte[] data, final Writer writer, final String ch
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(char[], OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charset.defaultCharset());
     }
 
@@ -3732,8 +3598,7 @@ public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output, final Cha
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @since 1.1
      */
-    public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final char[] data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charsets.toCharset(charsetName));
     }
 
@@ -3767,8 +3632,7 @@ public static void write(final char[] data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(CharSequence, OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charset.defaultCharset());
     }
 
@@ -3785,8 +3649,7 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output)
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.3
      */
-    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, final Charset charset)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, final Charset charset) throws IOException {
         if (data != null) {
             write(data.toString(), output, charset);
         }
@@ -3809,15 +3672,14 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, fin
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @since 2.0
      */
-    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final CharSequence data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charsets.toCharset(charsetName));
     }
 
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@link CharSequence} to a {@link Writer}.
      *
-     * @param data the {@link CharSequence} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param data   the {@link CharSequence} to write, null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3830,13 +3692,12 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final Writer writer) throws IO
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
+     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the virtual machine's {@linkplain Charset#defaultCharset() default charset}.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes()}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param data   the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3844,20 +3705,18 @@ public static void write(final CharSequence data, final Writer writer) throws IO
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(String, OutputStream, Charset)} instead.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charset.defaultCharset());
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
+     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @param data    the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param output  the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @param charset the charset to use, null means platform default.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3874,33 +3733,30 @@ public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output, final Cha
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
+     * Writes chars from a {@link String} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @param data        the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param output      the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
-     * @throws NullPointerException        if output is null.
-     * @throws IOException                 if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException                         if output is null.
+     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @since 1.1
      */
-    public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final String data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName) throws IOException {
         write(data, output, Charsets.toCharset(charsetName));
     }
 
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@link String} to a {@link Writer}.
      *
-     * @param data the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param data   the {@link String} to write, null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3913,14 +3769,12 @@ public static void write(final String data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes chars from a {@link StringBuffer} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the default character encoding of the
-     * platform.
+     * Writes chars from a {@link StringBuffer} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the default character encoding of the platform.
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes()}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param data   the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3928,34 +3782,32 @@ public static void write(final String data, final Writer writer) throws IOExcept
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(CharSequence, OutputStream)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output) //NOSONAR
+    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output) // NOSONAR
             throws IOException {
         write(data, output, (String) null);
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes chars from a {@link StringBuffer} to bytes on an
-     * {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
+     * Writes chars from a {@link StringBuffer} to bytes on an {@link OutputStream} using the specified character encoding.
      * <p>
-     * Character encoding names can be found at
-     * <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
+     * Character encoding names can be found at <a href="https://www.iana.org/assignments/character-sets">IANA</a>.
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method uses {@link String#getBytes(String)}.
      * </p>
      *
-     * @param data the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
-     * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
+     * @param data        the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param output      the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @param charsetName the name of the requested charset, null means platform default.
-     * @throws NullPointerException        if output is null.
-     * @throws IOException                 if an I/O error occurs.
+     * @throws NullPointerException                         if output is null.
+     * @throws IOException                                  if an I/O error occurs.
      * @throws java.nio.charset.UnsupportedCharsetException if the encoding is not supported.
      * @since 1.1
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(CharSequence, OutputStream, String)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName) //NOSONAR
-        throws IOException {
+    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output, final String charsetName) // NOSONAR
+            throws IOException {
         if (data != null) {
             write(data.toString(), output, Charsets.toCharset(charsetName));
         }
@@ -3964,7 +3816,7 @@ public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output, fin
     /**
      * Writes chars from a {@link StringBuffer} to a {@link Writer}.
      *
-     * @param data the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
+     * @param data   the {@link StringBuffer} to write, null ignored.
      * @param writer the {@link Writer} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
@@ -3972,7 +3824,7 @@ public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final OutputStream output, fin
      * @deprecated Use {@link #write(CharSequence, Writer)}.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final Writer writer) //NOSONAR
+    public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final Writer writer) // NOSONAR
             throws IOException {
         if (data != null) {
             writer.write(data.toString());
@@ -3980,19 +3832,16 @@ public static void write(final StringBuffer data, final Writer writer) //NOSONAR
     }
 
     /**
-     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to an {@link OutputStream} using chunked writes.
-     * This is intended for writing very large byte arrays which might otherwise cause excessive
-     * memory usage if the native code has to allocate a copy.
+     * Writes bytes from a {@code byte[]} to an {@link OutputStream} using chunked writes. This is intended for writing very large byte arrays which might
+     * otherwise cause excessive memory usage if the native code has to allocate a copy.
      *
-     * @param data the byte array to write, do not modify during output,
-     * null ignored.
+     * @param data   the byte array to write, do not modify during output, null ignored.
      * @param output the {@link OutputStream} to write to.
      * @throws NullPointerException if output is null.
      * @throws IOException          if an I/O error occurs.
      * @since 2.5
      */
-    public static void writeChunked(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output)
-            throws IOException {
+    public static void writeChunked(final byte[] data, final OutputStream output) throws IOException {
         if (data != null) {
             int bytes = data.length;
             int offset = 0;
@@ -4126,11 +3975,10 @@ public static void writeLines(final Collection<?> lines, String lineEnding, fina
     }
 
     /**
-     * Returns the given Appendable if it is already a {@link Writer}, otherwise creates a Writer wrapper around the
-     * given Appendable.
+     * Returns the given Appendable if it is already a {@link Writer}, otherwise creates a Writer wrapper around the given Appendable.
      *
      * @param appendable the Appendable to wrap or return (not null).
-     * @return  the given Appendable or a Writer wrapper around the given Appendable.
+     * @return the given Appendable or a Writer wrapper around the given Appendable.
      * @throws NullPointerException if the input parameter is null.
      * @since 2.7
      */
@@ -4151,8 +3999,7 @@ public static Writer writer(final Appendable appendable) {
      * @deprecated TODO Make private in 3.0.
      */
     @Deprecated
-    public IOUtils() { //NOSONAR
+    public IOUtils() { // NOSONAR
         // empty
     }
-
 }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 5684bf09470..12017ce5aab 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@
  * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
  * limitations under the License.
  */
+
 package org.apache.commons.io;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertArrayEquals;
@@ -76,6 +77,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.function.IOConsumer;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.BrokenInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.CharSequenceInputStream;
+import org.apache.commons.io.input.ChunkedReader;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.CircularInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.NullInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.NullReader;
@@ -540,18 +542,6 @@ void testCloseQuietly_AllCloseableIOException() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly((Iterable<Closeable>) null));
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
-    @Test
-    void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
-        final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
-        assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
-        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
-        assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
-        final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
-        assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);
-        assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_CloseableException() {
         // IOException
@@ -589,6 +579,18 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableExceptionConsumer() {
         assertTrue(b.get());
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
+    @Test
+    void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
+        final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
+        assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
+        assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
+        assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);
+        assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_Selector() {
@@ -781,9 +783,7 @@ void testContentEquals_InputStream_InputStream() throws Exception {
 
     @Test
     void testContentEquals_Reader_Reader() throws Exception {
-        {
-            assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals((Reader) null, null));
-        }
+        assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals((Reader) null, null));
         {
             final StringReader input1 = new StringReader("");
             assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(null, input1));
@@ -801,14 +801,23 @@ void testContentEquals_Reader_Reader() throws Exception {
             assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(input1, input1));
         }
         assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(new StringReader(""), new StringReader("")));
-        assertTrue(
-            IOUtils.contentEquals(new BufferedReader(new StringReader("")), new BufferedReader(new StringReader(""))));
+        assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(new BufferedReader(new StringReader("")), new BufferedReader(new StringReader(""))));
         assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(new StringReader("ABC"), new StringReader("ABC")));
         assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(new StringReader("ABCD"), new StringReader("ABC")));
         assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(new StringReader("ABC"), new StringReader("ABCD")));
         assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(new StringReader("apache"), new StringReader("apacha")));
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testContentEquals_Reader_Reader_unevenReads() throws Exception {
+        // sanity test, same chunk size
+        assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("apache"), 1000), new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("apacha"), 1000)));
+        assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("ABC"), 1000), new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("ABC"), 1000)));
+        // test with uneven chunk sizes
+        assertTrue(IOUtils.contentEquals(new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("ABC"), 1), new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("ABC"), 2)));
+        assertFalse(IOUtils.contentEquals(new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("apache"), 1), new ChunkedReader(new StringReader("apacha"), 2)));
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testContentEqualsIgnoreEOL() throws Exception {
         {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ChunkedReader.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ChunkedReader.java
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..7e6fd27363c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ChunkedReader.java
@@ -0,0 +1,49 @@
+/*
+ * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more
+ * contributor license agreements.  See the NOTICE file distributed with
+ * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership.
+ * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0
+ * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with
+ * the License.  You may obtain a copy of the License at
+ *
+ *      https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+ *
+ * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+ * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+ * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+ * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+ * limitations under the License.
+ */
+
+package org.apache.commons.io.input;
+
+import java.io.FilterReader;
+import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.Reader;
+
+/**
+ * Reader that limits the number of characters read in a chunk of the specified size or less.
+ */
+public class ChunkedReader extends FilterReader {
+
+    private final int chunkSize;
+
+    public ChunkedReader(final Reader reader, final int chunkSize) {
+        super(reader);
+        if (chunkSize <= 0) {
+            throw new IllegalArgumentException("chunkSize must be > 0");
+        }
+        this.chunkSize = chunkSize;
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void close() throws IOException {
+        // nothing to do.
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public int read(final char[] cbuf, final int off, final int len) throws IOException {
+        return super.read(cbuf, off, len > chunkSize ? chunkSize : len);
+    }
+
+}
\ No newline at end of file

From 2862268d9024d3377f9dc50b50a5b29b6247ab17 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 07:15:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 136/174] Bump commons.rc.version from RC1 to RC2

---
 pom.xml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 6a0b4c053df..df301d46c13 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
     <commons.componentid>io</commons.componentid>
     <commons.module.name>org.apache.commons.io</commons.module.name>
-    <commons.rc.version>RC1</commons.rc.version>
+    <commons.rc.version>RC2</commons.rc.version>
     <commons.bc.version>2.21.0</commons.bc.version>
     <commons.release.version>2.22.0</commons.release.version>
     <commons.release.next>2.22.1</commons.release.next>

From 1fe472cf10ab38797830ea6943d7eb3e13393d98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 07:19:37 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 137/174] Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.18.3 to 1.18.4

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index df301d46c13..d10511548d0 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -132,7 +132,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     </commons.osgi.import>
     <commons.scmPubUrl>https://svn.apache.org/repos/infra/websites/production/commons/content/proper/commons-io/</commons.scmPubUrl>
     <commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>site-content</commons.scmPubCheckoutDirectory>
-    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.3</commons.bytebuddy.version>
+    <commons.bytebuddy.version>1.18.4</commons.bytebuddy.version>
     <japicmp.skip>false</japicmp.skip>
     <commons.release.isDistModule>true</commons.release.isDistModule>
     <!-- JaCoCo: Don't make code coverage worse than: -->
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index dc1e4972998..4e9448904a5 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -56,7 +56,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 95 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.3 #814, #820.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.4 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      
     </release>
     <release version="2.21.0" date="2025-11-04" description="Version 2.21.0: Java 8 or later is required.">

From a207334e26e2c0b34f93929ff7d421ade35d644a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 21 Jan 2026 17:12:09 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 138/174] Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 95 to 96

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index d10511548d0..86fbb10676b 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@
   <parent>
     <groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId>
     <artifactId>commons-parent</artifactId>
-    <version>95</version>
+    <version>96</version>
   </parent>
   <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>
   <groupId>commons-io</groupId>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 4e9448904a5..fc7f1f3c9ca 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 95 #816.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 96 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.4 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      

From 283db9f375ca9cd015fc986394639bba23ad2cff Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2026 15:39:40 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 139/174] Bump actions/setup-java from 5.1.0 to 5.2.0

---
 .github/workflows/maven.yml | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index b5daa9a6ee6..3ebde531b94 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -70,7 +70,7 @@ jobs:
         restore-keys: |
           ${{ runner.os }}-maven-
     - name: Set up JDK ${{ matrix.java }}
-      uses: actions/setup-java@f2beeb24e141e01a676f977032f5a29d81c9e27e # v5.1.0
+      uses: actions/setup-java@be666c2fcd27ec809703dec50e508c2fdc7f6654 # v5.2.0
       with:
         distribution: ${{ runner.os == 'macOS' && matrix.java == '8' && 'zulu' || 'temurin' }}
         java-version: ${{ matrix.java }}

From 3901b51c00f481a691ef292a8b78be63d089c6c8 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 22 Jan 2026 17:20:12 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 140/174] Add IOUtilsTest.testToByteArray_InputStream_Empty()

Debugging Jadler...
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 19 +++++++++++++++++++
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 12017ce5aab..46985353573 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -75,12 +75,14 @@
 import java.util.stream.Stream;
 
 import org.apache.commons.io.function.IOConsumer;
+import org.apache.commons.io.input.BoundedInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.BrokenInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.CharSequenceInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.ChunkedReader;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.CircularInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.NullInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.input.NullReader;
+import org.apache.commons.io.input.UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.AppendableWriter;
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.BrokenOutputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.CountingOutputStream;
@@ -90,6 +92,7 @@
 import org.apache.commons.io.output.UnsynchronizedByteArrayOutputStream;
 import org.apache.commons.io.test.TestUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.io.test.ThrowOnCloseReader;
+import org.apache.commons.lang3.ArrayUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.JavaVersion;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.StringUtils;
 import org.apache.commons.lang3.SystemUtils;
@@ -1743,6 +1746,22 @@ void testToByteArray_InputStream() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testToByteArray_InputStream_Empty() throws Exception {
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY, IOUtils.toByteArray(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY,
+                IOUtils.toByteArray(BoundedInputStream.builder().setInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)).get()));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY,
+                IOUtils.toByteArray(UnsynchronizedByteArrayInputStream.builder().setInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)).get()));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY,
+                IOUtils.toByteArray(BoundedInputStream.builder().setInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)).setMaxCount(1).get()));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY, IOUtils.toByteArray(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY,
+                IOUtils.toByteArray(BoundedInputStream.builder().setInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)).get()));
+        assertArrayEquals(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY,
+                IOUtils.toByteArray(BoundedInputStream.builder().setInputStream(new ByteArrayInputStream(ArrayUtils.EMPTY_BYTE_ARRAY)).setMaxCount(0).get()));
+    }
+
     @Test
     @Disabled("Disable by default as it uses too much memory and can cause builds to fail.")
     void testToByteArray_InputStream_LongerThanIntegerMaxValue() throws Exception {

From 7bc386f86cf10469cf39d3b5a96508208ebe924a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 07:18:02 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 141/174] Add JUnit assertions

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 30 ++++++++++---------
 .../apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java   |  7 +++--
 2 files changed, 20 insertions(+), 17 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 46985353573..6c16a4b1840 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -580,6 +580,9 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableExceptionConsumer() {
         // RuntimeException subclass
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenOutputStream(new UnsupportedOperationException()), consumer));
         assertTrue(b.get());
+        // in-line
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenOutputStream(new UnsupportedOperationException()), (Consumer<Exception>) e -> b.set(true)));
+        assertTrue(b.get());
     }
 
     @SuppressWarnings("resource")
@@ -594,7 +597,6 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
         assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_Selector() {
         Selector selector = null;
@@ -604,9 +606,9 @@ void testCloseQuietly_Selector() {
         } finally {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
         }
+        assertFalse(selector.isOpen());
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_SelectorIOException() {
         final Selector selector = new SelectorAdapter() {
@@ -616,7 +618,8 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
             }
         };
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
-    }
+        assertFalse(selector.isOpen());
+}
 
     @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
@@ -625,7 +628,6 @@ void testCloseQuietly_SelectorNull() {
         IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_SelectorTwice() {
         Selector selector = null;
@@ -636,12 +638,15 @@ void testCloseQuietly_SelectorTwice() {
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
             IOUtils.closeQuietly(selector);
         }
+        assertFalse(selector.isOpen());
     }
 
     @Test
-    void testCloseQuietly_ServerSocket() {
+    void testCloseQuietly_ServerSocket() throws IOException {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly((ServerSocket) null));
-        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new ServerSocket()));
+        final ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket();
+        IOUtils.closeQuietly(serverSocket);
+        assertTrue(serverSocket.isClosed());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -659,7 +664,9 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_Socket() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly((Socket) null));
-        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new Socket()));
+        final Socket socket = new Socket();
+        IOUtils.closeQuietly(socket);
+        assertTrue(socket.isClosed());
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -704,13 +711,10 @@ void testConsumeInputStream() throws Exception {
         final long size = (long) Integer.MAX_VALUE + (long) 1;
         final NullInputStream in = new NullInputStream(size);
         final OutputStream out = NullOutputStream.INSTANCE;
-
         // Test copy() method
         assertEquals(-1, IOUtils.copy(in, out));
-
         // reset the input
         in.init();
-
         // Test consume() method
         assertEquals(size, IOUtils.consume(in), "consume()");
     }
@@ -1491,16 +1495,14 @@ void testResourceToString_NonExistingResource_WithClassLoader() {
             ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()));
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testResourceToString_NullCharset() throws Exception {
-        IOUtils.resourceToString("/org/apache/commons/io//test-file-utf8.bin", null);
+        assertNotNull(IOUtils.resourceToString("/org/apache/commons/io//test-file-utf8.bin", null));
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     @Test
     void testResourceToString_NullCharset_WithClassLoader() throws Exception {
-        IOUtils.resourceToString("org/apache/commons/io/test-file-utf8.bin", null, ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader());
+        assertNotNull(IOUtils.resourceToString("org/apache/commons/io/test-file-utf8.bin", null, ClassLoader.getSystemClassLoader()));
     }
 
     @Test
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
index dcada2f8f3f..8455dc84deb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
@@ -231,17 +231,18 @@ private List<String> expectLinesWithLongTimeout(final TestTailerListener listene
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     void testBufferBreak() throws Exception {
         final long delay = 50;
         final File file = new File(temporaryFolder, "testBufferBreak.txt");
         createFile(file, 0);
-        writeStrings(file, "SBTOURIST\n");
+        final String data = "SBTOURIST\n";
+        writeStrings(file, data);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delay, false, 1)) {
             final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
             thread.start();
             List<String> lines = listener.getLines();
+            assertEquals(data.length(), tailer.getTailable().size());
             while (lines.isEmpty() || !lines.get(lines.size() - 1).equals("SBTOURIST")) {
                 lines = listener.getLines();
             }
@@ -386,7 +387,6 @@ void testIO335() throws Exception { // test CR behavior
     }
 
     @Test
-    @SuppressWarnings("squid:S2699") // Suppress "Add at least one assertion to this test case"
     void testLongFile() throws Exception {
         final long delay = 50;
         final File file = new File(temporaryFolder, "testLongFile.txt");
@@ -407,6 +407,7 @@ void testLongFile() throws Exception {
                 lines = listener.getLines();
             }
             // System.out.println("Elapsed: " + (System.currentTimeMillis() - start));
+            assertFalse(lines.isEmpty());
             listener.clear();
         }
     }

From a9a571d2729c1556e906810bc60af09357c0793d Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 23 Jan 2026 07:41:55 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 142/174] Bump actions/checkout from 6.0.1 to 6.0.2

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/dependency-review.yml   | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/maven.yml               | 2 +-
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 4 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 5d024662b1f..6a5db14e0e4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
     - name: Checkout repository
-      uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+      uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
index 1df86660448..a04da50909a 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/dependency-review.yml
@@ -26,6 +26,6 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
       - name: 'Checkout Repository'
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       - name: 'Dependency Review PR'
         uses: actions/dependency-review-action@3c4e3dcb1aa7874d2c16be7d79418e9b7efd6261 # v4.8.2
diff --git a/.github/workflows/maven.yml b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
index 3ebde531b94..f596ab8bef1 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/maven.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/maven.yml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ jobs:
             experimental: true
             fail-fast: false
     steps:
-    - uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+    - uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
       with:
         persist-credentials: false
     - uses: actions/cache@9255dc7a253b0ccc959486e2bca901246202afeb # v5.0.1
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 2d7a1b0f8bc..dd582b61b44 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ jobs:
     steps:
 
       - name: "Checkout code"
-        uses: actions/checkout@8e8c483db84b4bee98b60c0593521ed34d9990e8 # v6.0.1
+        uses: actions/checkout@de0fac2e4500dabe0009e67214ff5f5447ce83dd # v6.0.2
         with:
           persist-credentials: false
 

From f8e233273f7775a77a435b246cf8147c2468a802 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 24 Jan 2026 13:10:20 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 143/174] Rename new method

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   | 64 +++++++++----------
 .../org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java   |  2 +-
 .../io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java     |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    |  4 +-
 5 files changed, 37 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index d340a2baadc..9c85e9d281e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -2290,7 +2290,7 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final File file, final String charsetNam
             inputStream = Files.newInputStream(file.toPath());
             return IOUtils.lineIterator(inputStream, charsetName);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietly(inputStream, ex);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(inputStream, ex);
             throw ex;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index b3d73648f02..da6d3e00ddb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -823,38 +823,6 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable) {
         closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) null);
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally and adds any exception thrown by the {@code close()} to the given Throwable.
-     * <p>
-     * For example:
-     * </p>
-     *
-     * <pre>
-     * Closeable closeable = ...;
-     * try {
-     *     // process closeable
-     *     closeable.close();
-     * } catch (Exception e) {
-     *     // error handling
-     *     throw IOUtils.closeQuietly(closeable, e);
-     * }
-     * </pre>
-     * <p>
-     * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
-     * </p>
-     *
-     * @param <T>       The Throwable type.
-     * @param closeable The object to close, may be null or already closed.
-     * @param throwable Add the exception throw by the closeable to the given Throwable.
-     * @return The given Throwable.
-     * @since 2.22.0
-     * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
-     */
-    public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietly(final Closeable closeable, final T throwable) {
-        closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) throwable::addSuppressed);
-        return throwable;
-    }
-
     /**
      * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally.
      * <p>
@@ -1185,6 +1153,38 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Writer writer) {
         closeQ(writer);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Closes a {@link Closeable} unconditionally and adds any exception thrown by the {@code close()} to the given Throwable.
+     * <p>
+     * For example:
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * <pre>
+     * Closeable closeable = ...;
+     * try {
+     *     // process closeable
+     *     closeable.close();
+     * } catch (Exception e) {
+     *     // error handling
+     *     throw IOUtils.closeQuietly(closeable, e);
+     * }
+     * </pre>
+     * <p>
+     * Also consider using a try-with-resources statement where appropriate.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param <T>       The Throwable type.
+     * @param closeable The object to close, may be null or already closed.
+     * @param throwable Add the exception throw by the closeable to the given Throwable.
+     * @return The given Throwable.
+     * @since 2.22.0
+     * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
+     */
+    public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietlyAdd(final Closeable closeable, final T throwable) {
+        closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) throwable::addSuppressed);
+        return throwable;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Consumes bytes from a {@link InputStream} and ignores them.
      * <p>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index 741eae08ddc..5b7f531e71e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
                 }
             }
         } catch (final IOException ioe) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(IOUtils.closeQuietly(this, ioe));
+            throw new IllegalStateException(IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(this, ioe));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
index 1bb15a37a19..8d3f4fc6fc8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ private static OutputStreamWriter initWriter(final File file, final Object encod
             }
             return new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, (String) encoding);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietly(outputStream, ex);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(outputStream, ex);
             if (!fileExistedAlready) {
                 FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
             }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 6c16a4b1840..082d5960d87 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -581,7 +581,7 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableExceptionConsumer() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenOutputStream(new UnsupportedOperationException()), consumer));
         assertTrue(b.get());
         // in-line
-        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenOutputStream(new UnsupportedOperationException()), (Consumer<Exception>) e -> b.set(true)));
+        assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenOutputStream(new UnsupportedOperationException()), e -> b.set(true)));
         assertTrue(b.get());
     }
 
@@ -590,7 +590,7 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableExceptionConsumer() {
     void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
         final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
         assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
-        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietly(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
+        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
         assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
         final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
         assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);

From 60a5f989182d9b07d6650457b81764eb4893a240 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2026 09:19:30 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 144/174] Sort members

---
 ...eArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java | 74 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 37 insertions(+), 37 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
index 60c294f0d65..26281d4e08b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/ByteArraySeekableByteChannelCompressTest.java
@@ -161,43 +161,6 @@ void testShouldThrowExceptionOnWritingToClosedChannel() {
         assertThrows(ClosedChannelException.class, () -> c.write(ByteBuffer.allocate(1)));
     }
 
-    @Test
-    void testThrowWhenSettingIncorrectPosition() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
-            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
-            // write
-            c.write(buffer);
-            assertEquals(1, c.position());
-            // bad pos A
-            c.position(c.size() + 1);
-            assertEquals(c.size() + 1, c.position());
-            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
-            // bad pos B
-            c.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
-            assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L, c.position());
-            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
-            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> c.write(buffer));
-            // negative input is the only illegal input
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(-1));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Long.MIN_VALUE));
-        }
-    }
-
-    @Test
-    void testThrowWhenTruncatingToIncorrectSize() throws IOException {
-        try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
-            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
-            c.truncate(c.size() + 1);
-            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
-            c.truncate(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
-            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(-1));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
-            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Long.MIN_VALUE));
-        }
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testShouldTruncateContentsProperly() throws ClosedChannelException {
         try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.wrap(testData)) {
@@ -267,6 +230,43 @@ void testThrowsIOExceptionWhenPositionIsSetToANegativeValue() throws Exception {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    void testThrowWhenSettingIncorrectPosition() throws IOException {
+        try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
+            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+            // write
+            c.write(buffer);
+            assertEquals(1, c.position());
+            // bad pos A
+            c.position(c.size() + 1);
+            assertEquals(c.size() + 1, c.position());
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            // bad pos B
+            c.position(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+            assertEquals(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L, c.position());
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> c.write(buffer));
+            // negative input is the only illegal input
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(-1));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.position(Long.MIN_VALUE));
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Test
+    void testThrowWhenTruncatingToIncorrectSize() throws IOException {
+        try (ByteArraySeekableByteChannel c = new ByteArraySeekableByteChannel()) {
+            final ByteBuffer buffer = ByteBuffer.allocate(1);
+            c.truncate(c.size() + 1);
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            c.truncate(Integer.MAX_VALUE + 1L);
+            assertEquals(-1, c.read(buffer));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(-1));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Integer.MIN_VALUE));
+            assertThrows(IllegalArgumentException.class, () -> c.truncate(Long.MIN_VALUE));
+        }
+    }
+
     /*
      * <q> In either case, if the current position is greater than the given size then it is set to that size.</q>
      */

From 9c6ed7a9eac10baa9b124fd9b9938dee7514cb5e Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2026 09:30:29 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 145/174] Merge if expressions that have the same true block

Reduce vertical whitespace
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java  | 69 ++++---------------
 .../commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java     |  5 +-
 .../commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java       |  9 +--
 .../input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java |  5 +-
 .../commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java     |  6 +-
 .../input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java  |  7 +-
 6 files changed, 17 insertions(+), 84 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
index c3a2a2dcfa5..416720a02f8 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FilenameUtils.java
@@ -282,17 +282,11 @@ public static String concat(final String basePath, final String fullFileNameToAd
      * @see FileUtils#directoryContains(File, File)
      */
     public static boolean directoryContains(final String canonicalParent, final String canonicalChild) {
-        if (isEmpty(canonicalParent) || isEmpty(canonicalChild)) {
+        if (isEmpty(canonicalParent) || isEmpty(canonicalChild) || IOCase.SYSTEM.checkEquals(canonicalParent, canonicalChild)) {
             return false;
         }
-
-        if (IOCase.SYSTEM.checkEquals(canonicalParent, canonicalChild)) {
-            return false;
-        }
-
         final char separator = toSeparator(canonicalParent.charAt(0) == UNIX_NAME_SEPARATOR);
         final String parentWithEndSeparator = canonicalParent.charAt(canonicalParent.length() - 1) == separator ? canonicalParent : canonicalParent + separator;
-
         return IOCase.SYSTEM.checkStartsWith(canonicalChild, parentWithEndSeparator);
     }
 
@@ -366,9 +360,7 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
         if (fileName == null) {
             return null;
         }
-
         requireNonNullChars(fileName);
-
         int size = fileName.length();
         if (size == 0) {
             return fileName;
@@ -377,10 +369,8 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
         if (prefix < 0) {
             return null;
         }
-
-        final char[] array = new char[size + 2];  // +1 for possible extra slash, +2 for arraycopy
+        final char[] array = new char[size + 2]; // +1 for possible extra slash, +2 for arraycopy
         fileName.getChars(0, fileName.length(), array, 0);
-
         // fix separators throughout
         final char otherSeparator = flipSeparator(separator);
         for (int i = 0; i < array.length; i++) {
@@ -388,14 +378,12 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
                 array[i] = separator;
             }
         }
-
         // add extra separator on the end to simplify code below
         boolean lastIsDirectory = true;
         if (array[size - 1] != separator) {
             array[size++] = separator;
             lastIsDirectory = false;
         }
-
         // adjoining slashes
         // If we get here, prefix can only be 0 or greater, size 1 or greater
         // If prefix is 0, set loop start to 1 to prevent index errors
@@ -406,11 +394,9 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
                 i--;
             }
         }
-
         // period slash
         for (int i = prefix + 1; i < size; i++) {
-            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' &&
-                    (i == prefix + 1 || array[i - 2] == separator)) {
+            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' && (i == prefix + 1 || array[i - 2] == separator)) {
                 if (i == size - 1) {
                     lastIsDirectory = true;
                 }
@@ -419,12 +405,9 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
                 i--;
             }
         }
-
         // double period slash
-        outer:
-        for (int i = prefix + 2; i < size; i++) {
-            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' && array[i - 2] == '.' &&
-                    (i == prefix + 2 || array[i - 3] == separator)) {
+        outer: for (int i = prefix + 2; i < size; i++) {
+            if (array[i] == separator && array[i - 1] == '.' && array[i - 2] == '.' && (i == prefix + 2 || array[i - 3] == separator)) {
                 if (i == prefix + 2) {
                     return null;
                 }
@@ -432,7 +415,7 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
                     lastIsDirectory = true;
                 }
                 int j;
-                for (j = i - 4 ; j >= prefix; j--) {
+                for (j = i - 4; j >= prefix; j--) {
                     if (array[j] == separator) {
                         // remove b/../ from a/b/../c
                         System.arraycopy(array, i + 1, array, j + 1, size - i);
@@ -447,17 +430,13 @@ private static String doNormalize(final String fileName, final char separator, f
                 i = prefix + 1;
             }
         }
-
-        if (size <= 0) {  // should never be less than 0
+        if (size <= 0) { // should never be less than 0
             return EMPTY_STRING;
         }
-        if (size <= prefix) {  // should never be less than prefix
-            return new String(array, 0, size);
-        }
-        if (lastIsDirectory && keepSeparator) {
-            return new String(array, 0, size);  // keep trailing separator
+        if (size <= prefix || lastIsDirectory && keepSeparator) {
+            return new String(array, 0, size); // keep trailing separator
         }
-        return new String(array, 0, size - 1);  // lose trailing separator
+        return new String(array, 0, size - 1); // lose trailing separator
     }
 
     /**
@@ -488,7 +467,6 @@ public static boolean equals(final String fileName1, final String fileName2) {
      * @since 1.3
      */
     public static boolean equals(String fileName1, String fileName2, final boolean normalize, final IOCase ioCase) {
-
         if (fileName1 == null || fileName2 == null) {
             return fileName1 == null && fileName2 == null;
         }
@@ -1044,7 +1022,6 @@ public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final Collection<String
             return false;
         }
         requireNonNullChars(fileName);
-
         if (extensions == null || extensions.isEmpty()) {
             return indexOfExtension(fileName) == NOT_FOUND;
         }
@@ -1068,7 +1045,6 @@ public static boolean isExtension(final String fileName, final String extension)
             return false;
         }
         requireNonNullChars(fileName);
-
         if (isEmpty(extension)) {
             return indexOfExtension(fileName) == NOT_FOUND;
         }
@@ -1112,21 +1088,14 @@ private static boolean isIPv4Address(final String name) {
         if (!m.matches() || m.groupCount() != 4) {
             return false;
         }
-
         // verify that address subgroups are legal
         for (int i = 1; i <= 4; i++) {
             final String ipSegment = m.group(i);
             final int iIpSegment = Integer.parseInt(ipSegment);
-            if (iIpSegment > IPV4_MAX_OCTET_VALUE) {
+            if (iIpSegment > IPV4_MAX_OCTET_VALUE || ipSegment.length() > 1 && ipSegment.startsWith("0")) {
                 return false;
             }
-
-            if (ipSegment.length() > 1 && ipSegment.startsWith("0")) {
-                return false;
-            }
-
         }
-
         return true;
     }
 
@@ -1466,7 +1435,6 @@ public static String removeExtension(final String fileName) {
             return null;
         }
         requireNonNullChars(fileName);
-
         final int index = indexOfExtension(fileName);
         if (index == NOT_FOUND) {
             return fileName;
@@ -1532,11 +1500,9 @@ public static String separatorsToWindows(final String path) {
     static String[] splitOnTokens(final String text) {
         // used by wildcardMatch
         // package level so a unit test may run on this
-
         if (text.indexOf('?') == NOT_FOUND && text.indexOf('*') == NOT_FOUND) {
             return new String[] { text };
         }
-
         final char[] array = text.toCharArray();
         final ArrayList<String> list = new ArrayList<>();
         final StringBuilder buffer = new StringBuilder();
@@ -1560,7 +1526,6 @@ static String[] splitOnTokens(final String text) {
         if (buffer.length() != 0) {
             list.add(buffer.toString());
         }
-
         return list.toArray(EMPTY_STRING_ARRAY);
     }
 
@@ -1627,7 +1592,6 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
         int textIdx = 0;
         int wcsIdx = 0;
         final Deque<int[]> backtrack = new ArrayDeque<>(wcs.length);
-
         // loop around a backtrack stack, to handle complex * matching
         do {
             if (!backtrack.isEmpty()) {
@@ -1636,10 +1600,8 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
                 textIdx = array[1];
                 anyChars = true;
             }
-
             // loop whilst tokens and text left to process
             while (wcsIdx < wcs.length) {
-
                 if (wcs[wcsIdx].equals("?")) {
                     // ? so move to next text char
                     textIdx++;
@@ -1647,14 +1609,12 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
                         break;
                     }
                     anyChars = false;
-
                 } else if (wcs[wcsIdx].equals("*")) {
                     // set any chars status
                     anyChars = true;
                     if (wcsIdx == wcs.length - 1) {
                         textIdx = fileName.length();
                     }
-
                 } else {
                     // matching text token
                     if (anyChars) {
@@ -1666,29 +1626,24 @@ public static boolean wildcardMatch(final String fileName, final String wildcard
                         }
                         final int repeat = ioCase.checkIndexOf(fileName, textIdx + 1, wcs[wcsIdx]);
                         if (repeat >= 0) {
-                            backtrack.push(new int[] {wcsIdx, repeat});
+                            backtrack.push(new int[] { wcsIdx, repeat });
                         }
                     } else if (!ioCase.checkRegionMatches(fileName, textIdx, wcs[wcsIdx])) {
                         // matching from current position
                         // couldn't match token
                         break;
                     }
-
                     // matched text token, move text index to end of matched token
                     textIdx += wcs[wcsIdx].length();
                     anyChars = false;
                 }
-
                 wcsIdx++;
             }
-
             // full match
             if (wcsIdx == wcs.length && textIdx == fileName.length()) {
                 return true;
             }
-
         } while (!backtrack.isEmpty());
-
         return false;
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
index b529c281e11..6629ead4931 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/channels/FileChannels.java
@@ -91,10 +91,7 @@ public static boolean contentEquals(final ReadableByteChannel channel1, final Re
                 Thread.yield();
                 continue;
             }
-            if (c1NumRead != c2NumRead) {
-                return false;
-            }
-            if (!c1Buffer.equals(c2Buffer)) {
+            if (c1NumRead != c2NumRead || !c1Buffer.equals(c2Buffer)) {
                 return false;
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
index f7ce2975308..e3eefe3b57b 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BoundedReader.java
@@ -84,9 +84,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
     @Override
     public void mark(final int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
         this.readAheadLimit = readAheadLimit - charsRead;
-
         markedAt = charsRead;
-
         target.mark(readAheadLimit);
     }
 
@@ -99,12 +97,7 @@ public void mark(final int readAheadLimit) throws IOException {
      */
     @Override
     public int read() throws IOException {
-
-        if (charsRead >= maxCharsFromTargetReader) {
-            return EOF;
-        }
-
-        if (markedAt >= 0 && charsRead - markedAt >= readAheadLimit) {
+        if (charsRead >= maxCharsFromTargetReader || markedAt >= 0 && charsRead - markedAt >= readAheadLimit) {
             return EOF;
         }
         charsRead++;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
index bd579b618cf..aefd00e597e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/BufferedFileChannelInputStream.java
@@ -198,10 +198,7 @@ public BufferedFileChannelInputStream(final Path path, final int bufferSize) thr
 
     @Override
     public synchronized int available() throws IOException {
-        if (!fileChannel.isOpen()) {
-            return 0;
-        }
-        if (!refill()) {
+        if (!fileChannel.isOpen() || !refill()) {
             return 0;
         }
         return byteBuffer.remaining();
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
index d8343fd9371..3d8a667c815 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -795,11 +795,7 @@ String calculateRawEncoding(final String bomEnc, final String xmlGuessEnc, final
 
         // BOM is UTF-8
         if (bomEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
-            if (xmlGuessEnc != null && !xmlGuessEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
-                final String msg = MessageFormat.format(RAW_EX_1, bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc);
-                throw new XmlStreamReaderException(msg, bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc);
-            }
-            if (xmlEnc != null && !xmlEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
+            if (xmlGuessEnc != null && !xmlGuessEnc.equals(UTF_8) || xmlEnc != null && !xmlEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
                 final String msg = MessageFormat.format(RAW_EX_1, bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc);
                 throw new XmlStreamReaderException(msg, bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc);
             }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
index b73c9991dc3..3cf8a437961 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/compatibility/XmlStreamReader.java
@@ -612,12 +612,7 @@ String calculateRawEncoding(final String bomEnc, final String xmlGuessEnc,
                 encoding = xmlEnc;
             }
         } else if (bomEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
-            if (xmlGuessEnc != null && !xmlGuessEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
-                throw new XmlStreamReaderException(RAW_EX_1
-                        .format(new Object[] { bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc }),
-                        bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc, is);
-            }
-            if (xmlEnc != null && !xmlEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
+            if (xmlGuessEnc != null && !xmlGuessEnc.equals(UTF_8) || xmlEnc != null && !xmlEnc.equals(UTF_8)) {
                 throw new XmlStreamReaderException(RAW_EX_1
                         .format(new Object[] { bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc }),
                         bomEnc, xmlGuessEnc, xmlEnc, is);

From 994da0a267a81709b66a9c81560828367306ee75 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sun, 25 Jan 2026 14:41:56 +0000
Subject: [PATCH 146/174] Prepare for the next release candidate

---
 RELEASE-NOTES.txt       | 54 +++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++
 src/changes/changes.xml |  4 +--
 2 files changed, 56 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index 7de38f13ad8..569810a1325 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -14,6 +14,60 @@ This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.
 New features
 ------------
 
+o          Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(Closeable, Throwable) #818. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+
+Fixed Bugs
+----------
+
+o          Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz. 
+o          Fix malformed Javadoc comments. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream. Thanks to Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory. 
+
+Changes
+-------
+
+o          Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 96 #816. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.4 #814, #820. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+o          Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Dependabot. 
+
+
+Commons IO 2.7 and up requires Java 8 or above.
+Commons IO 2.6 requires Java 7 or above.
+Commons IO 2.3 through 2.5 requires Java 6 or above.
+Commons IO 2.2 requires Java 5 or above.
+Commons IO 1.4 requires Java 1.3 or above.
+
+Historical list of changes: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/changes.html
+
+For complete information on Apache Commons IO, including instructions on how to submit bug reports,
+patches, or suggestions for improvement, see the Apache Commons IO website:
+
+https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/
+
+Download page: https://commons.apache.org/proper/commons-io/download_io.cgi
+
+Have fun!
+-Apache Commons Team
+
+------------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+Apache Commons IO 2.22.0 Release Notes
+
+The Apache Commons IO team is pleased to announce the release of Apache Commons IO 2.22.0.
+
+Introduction
+------------
+
+The Apache Commons IO library contains utility classes, stream implementations, file filters,
+file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
+
+This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.
+
+New features
+------------
+
 o          Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
 
 Fixed Bugs
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index fc7f1f3c9ca..6862891e173 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -45,14 +45,14 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
     <title>Apache Commons IO Release Notes</title>
   </properties>
   <body>
-    <release version="2.22.0" date="2026-01-19" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
+    <release version="2.22.0" date="2026-01-25" description="This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.">
       <!-- FIX -->
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix Apache RAT plugin console warnings.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
-      <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietly(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
+      <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 96 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>

From 40b954f7ae975cb59b3e8c2b37e01824401db53f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2026 09:37:15 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 147/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.10 to 4.31.11

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 6a5db14e0e4..58611ed0a39 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index dd582b61b44..417e0d0fb24 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@cdefb33c0f6224e58673d9004f47f7cb3e328b89 # v4.31.10
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From 2eb4ff6a65563254689ab6b49f4124aa00bd7391 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Mon, 26 Jan 2026 18:02:59 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 148/174] Rename new method

---
 RELEASE-NOTES.txt                             |  2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java |  2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java   |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java   |  2 +-
 .../io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java     |  2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java    | 24 +++++++++----------
 7 files changed, 18 insertions(+), 18 deletions(-)

diff --git a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
index 569810a1325..5daadd53bfc 100644
--- a/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
+++ b/RELEASE-NOTES.txt
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@ This is a feature and maintenance release. Java 8 or later is required.
 New features
 ------------
 
-o          Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(Closeable, Throwable) #818. Thanks to Gary Gregory. 
+o          Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818. Thanks to Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz. 
 
 Fixed Bugs
 ----------
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 6862891e173..f3ea648c1a1 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
-      <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
+      <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 96 #816.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
index 9c85e9d281e..c7c0d1ad19c 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtils.java
@@ -2290,7 +2290,7 @@ public static LineIterator lineIterator(final File file, final String charsetNam
             inputStream = Files.newInputStream(file.toPath());
             return IOUtils.lineIterator(inputStream, charsetName);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(inputStream, ex);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(inputStream, ex);
             throw ex;
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
index da6d3e00ddb..3cd6e9cb995 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtils.java
@@ -1180,7 +1180,7 @@ public static void closeQuietly(final Writer writer) {
      * @since 2.22.0
      * @see Throwable#addSuppressed(Throwable)
      */
-    public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietlyAdd(final Closeable closeable, final T throwable) {
+    public static <T extends Throwable> T closeQuietlySuppress(final Closeable closeable, final T throwable) {
         closeQuietly(closeable, (Consumer<Exception>) throwable::addSuppressed);
         return throwable;
     }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
index 5b7f531e71e..fd07e9325c9 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/LineIterator.java
@@ -135,7 +135,7 @@ public boolean hasNext() {
                 }
             }
         } catch (final IOException ioe) {
-            throw new IllegalStateException(IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(this, ioe));
+            throw new IllegalStateException(IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(this, ioe));
         }
     }
 
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
index 8d3f4fc6fc8..4b6ebe1ba3e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/output/FileWriterWithEncoding.java
@@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ private static OutputStreamWriter initWriter(final File file, final Object encod
             }
             return new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, (String) encoding);
         } catch (final IOException | RuntimeException ex) {
-            IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(outputStream, ex);
+            IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(outputStream, ex);
             if (!fileExistedAlready) {
                 FileUtils.deleteQuietly(file);
             }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
index 082d5960d87..d9d073357b5 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/IOUtilsTest.java
@@ -585,18 +585,6 @@ void testCloseQuietly_CloseableExceptionConsumer() {
         assertTrue(b.get());
     }
 
-    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
-    @Test
-    void testCloseQuietly_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
-        final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
-        assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
-        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietlyAdd(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
-        assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
-        final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
-        assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);
-        assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
-    }
-
     @Test
     void testCloseQuietly_Selector() {
         Selector selector = null;
@@ -681,6 +669,18 @@ public synchronized void close() throws IOException {
         });
     }
 
+    @SuppressWarnings("resource")
+    @Test
+    void testCloseQuietlySuppress_CloseableIOExceptionAddSuppressed() {
+        final Throwable e = new Exception("test").fillInStackTrace();
+        assertEquals(0, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        assertSame(e, IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(new BrokenInputStream(new EOFException("Suppressed").fillInStackTrace()), e));
+        assertEquals(1, e.getSuppressed().length);
+        final Throwable suppressed0 = e.getSuppressed()[0];
+        assertInstanceOf(EOFException.class, suppressed0);
+        assertEquals("Suppressed", suppressed0.getMessage());
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testCloseURLConnection() {
         assertDoesNotThrow(() -> IOUtils.close((URLConnection) null));

From e026bf9cda9a8b66e0c47b5fb4e7a2475fcba880 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 08:44:39 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 149/174] ReadAheadInputStream now restores the current
 thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                                         | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java  | 2 ++
 2 files changed, 3 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index f3ea648c1a1..86e51bfd58f 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">ByteArraySeekableByteChannel.position(long) and truncate(long) shouldn't throw an IllegalArgumentException for a new positive position that's too large #817.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index a028bfbc0f6..1d695d4d5aa 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -298,6 +298,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
                 executorService.shutdownNow();
                 executorService.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
             } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                 final InterruptedIOException iio = new InterruptedIOException(e.getMessage());
                 iio.initCause(e);
                 throw iio;
@@ -557,6 +558,7 @@ private void waitForAsyncReadComplete() throws IOException {
                 asyncReadComplete.await();
             }
         } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             final InterruptedIOException iio = new InterruptedIOException(e.getMessage());
             iio.initCause(e);
             throw iio;

From ec8254e4681ef184e4cc625c1cea1b62f30f9189 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:20:04 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 150/174] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitorTest.java   | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitorTest.java
index 4380823d1bf..1bfe338db9d 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/file/AccumulatorPathVisitorTest.java
@@ -207,6 +207,7 @@ public FileVisitResult visitFile(final Path path, final BasicFileAttributes attr
                 try {
                     ThreadUtils.sleep(Duration.ofMillis(10));
                 } catch (final InterruptedException ignore) {
+                    Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                     // e.printStackTrace();
                 }
                 return super.visitFile(path, attributes);

From 35cf21faeba0f2f992134b99d24e6158a6b2250a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:20:14 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 151/174] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 .../commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
index a47604020e1..ee1e2e983fc 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
@@ -134,7 +134,7 @@ public int read(final byte[] buf, final int offset, final int length) {
                     try {
                         lock.wait(3000);
                     } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
-                        // Ignore
+                        Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                     }
                 }
                 return 1;

From dc654295195c4607e58a332cf20e13764d8b5b51 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:20:18 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 152/174] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitorTest.java | 1 +
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitorTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitorTest.java
index 085f210c087..fe611a7f840 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitorTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitorTest.java
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ void testCompletedWithoutTimeout() {
             TestUtils.sleep(1);
             ThreadMonitor.stop(monitor);
         } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             fail("Timed Out", e);
         }
     }

From a1ed47cf6bf3555238eb27ce094509a7e04d76f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:20:25 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 153/174] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterTest.java   | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterTest.java
index 6e11b5e770f..36698b48028 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/filefilter/FileFilterTest.java
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ void testAgeFilter() throws Exception {
             try {
                 TestUtils.sleep(1000);
             } catch (final InterruptedException ie) {
-                // ignore
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             }
             if (!reference.getParentFile().exists()) {
                 fail("Cannot create file " + reference + " as the parent directory does not exist");

From c9e7cd7480c7eeba3fdae458352e8801364bd7e9 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:20:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 154/174] Update test to match InterruptedException guidelines

---
 src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
index 619c1e3eb30..c8f035fff09 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/test/TestUtils.java
@@ -260,7 +260,7 @@ public static void sleepQuietly(final long millis) {
         try {
             sleep(millis);
         } catch (final InterruptedException ignored) {
-            // ignore InterruptedException.
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
         }
     }
 

From e6ada97797a7ddb234a17192d1c063148c8308f7 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:21:12 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 155/174] FileAlterationMonitor.stop(long) now restores the
 current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                                         | 1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java    | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 86e51bfd58f..3819b3e6c6b 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -52,6 +52,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">Fix malformed Javadoc comments.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileAlterationMonitor.stop(long) now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
index 77f7fa56b02..b14155fe943 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ public void run() {
             try {
                 ThreadUtils.sleep(Duration.ofMillis(intervalMillis));
             } catch (final InterruptedException ignored) {
-                // ignore
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             }
         }
     }

From c1f13a50321380feb488d9de164f5850106dcc4c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:27:12 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 156/174] FileCleaningTracker now restores the current thread's
 interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                                      | 1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 3819b3e6c6b..823ca5d24f7 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -53,6 +53,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Stanislav Fort, Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream.close() doesn't always close its filtered input stream.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileAlterationMonitor.stop(long) now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileCleaningTracker now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index 4fa8e973b6f..c453415cd34 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public void run() {
                     }
                     tracker.clear();
                 } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                    interrupt();
                     continue;
                 }
             }

From a2f3ab9dd6e293ba08e765e0f37f71199c5143e1 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:28:07 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 157/174] ThreadMonitor.run() now restores the current thread's
 interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                                | 1 +
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 823ca5d24f7..91bab21defc 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -54,6 +54,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ReadAheadInputStream now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileAlterationMonitor.stop(long) now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileCleaningTracker now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThreadMonitor.run() now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
index 37e7bfabe71..24ebe705a1d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
@@ -104,6 +104,7 @@ public void run() {
             thread.interrupt();
         } catch (final InterruptedException ignored) {
             // timeout not reached
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
         }
     }
 }

From 82a97a54728e33dee2deba6836108efd5c8a4598 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:29:14 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 158/174] ThrottledInputStream.throttle() now restores the
 current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.

---
 src/changes/changes.xml                                          | 1 +
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java   | 1 +
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index 91bab21defc..f191ca002c4 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -55,6 +55,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileAlterationMonitor.stop(long) now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileCleaningTracker now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThreadMonitor.run() now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThrottledInputStream.throttle() now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
index 9b670bdae10..529d9256fc7 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
@@ -271,6 +271,7 @@ private void throttle() throws InterruptedIOException {
             try {
                 TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(sleepMillis);
             } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                 throw new InterruptedIOException("Thread aborted");
             }
         }

From e061d95bbcd89896ac3423dbcd7e94020eb0617c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 28 Jan 2026 15:45:31 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 159/174] Bump github/codeql-action from 4.31.11 to 4.32.0

---
 .github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml     | 6 +++---
 .github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
index 58611ed0a39..c46b8e23195 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/codeql-analysis.yml
@@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
 
     # Initializes the CodeQL tools for scanning.
     - name: Initialize CodeQL
-      uses: github/codeql-action/init@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/init@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
       with:
         languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
         # If you wish to specify custom queries, you can do so here or in a config file.
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ jobs:
     # Autobuild attempts to build any compiled languages  (C/C++, C#, or Java).
     # If this step fails, then you should remove it and run the build manually (see below)
     - name: Autobuild
-      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/autobuild@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
 
     # ℹ️ Command-line programs to run using the OS shell.
     # 📚 https://git.io/JvXDl
@@ -87,4 +87,4 @@ jobs:
     #   make release
 
     - name: Perform CodeQL Analysis
-      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+      uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
diff --git a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
index 417e0d0fb24..6a7fedc37ca 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/scorecards-analysis.yml
@@ -66,6 +66,6 @@ jobs:
           retention-days: 5
 
       - name: "Upload to code-scanning"
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@19b2f06db2b6f5108140aeb04014ef02b648f789 # v4.31.11
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@b20883b0cd1f46c72ae0ba6d1090936928f9fa30 # v4.32.0
         with:
           sarif_file: results.sarif

From b83664fabcae8236a9e9c1223f9b00ecfb1b1f93 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 29 Jan 2026 17:34:45 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 160/174] Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.20.0 to
 1.21.0.

---
 pom.xml                 | 2 +-
 src/changes/changes.xml | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/pom.xml b/pom.xml
index 86fbb10676b..8827b9d8aa0 100644
--- a/pom.xml
+++ b/pom.xml
@@ -85,7 +85,7 @@ file comparators, endian transformation classes, and much more.
     <dependency>
       <groupId>commons-codec</groupId>
       <artifactId>commons-codec</artifactId>
-      <version>1.20.0</version>
+      <version>1.21.0</version>
       <scope>test</scope>
     </dependency>
     <dependency>
diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index f191ca002c4..a1be68ee625 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump org.apache.commons:commons-parent from 91 to 96 #816.</action>
-      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.20.0 #812.</action>
+      <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-codec:commons-codec from 1.19.0 to 1.21.0 #812.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons.bytebuddy.version from 1.17.8 to 1.18.4 #814, #820.</action>
       <action type="update" dev="ggregory"             due-to="Gary Gregory, Dependabot">Bump commons-lang3 from 3.19.0 to 3.20.0.</action>      
     </release>

From ada97446544f9132fa4abdcb4b0e693a977ccbbf Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 10:36:35 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 161/174] ThrottledInputStream.throttle() doesn't preserve the
 original InterruptedException as the cause of its InterruptedIOException

ThrottledInputStream.throttle() now restores the current thread's
interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.
---
 src/changes/changes.xml                       |  1 +
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/Input.java    | 20 ++++++++++++++-
 .../io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java        |  9 ++-----
 .../io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java        | 25 ++++++++++++++++---
 .../io/input/ThrottledInputStreamTest.java    | 20 +++++++++++++++
 5 files changed, 63 insertions(+), 12 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/changes/changes.xml b/src/changes/changes.xml
index a1be68ee625..bc9d1ce9088 100644
--- a/src/changes/changes.xml
+++ b/src/changes/changes.xml
@@ -56,6 +56,7 @@ The <action> type attribute can be add,update,fix,remove.
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">FileCleaningTracker now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThreadMonitor.run() now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
       <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThrottledInputStream.throttle() now restores the current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.</action>
+      <action type="fix" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory">ThrottledInputStream.throttle() doesn't preserve the original InterruptedException as the cause of its InterruptedIOException.</action>
       <!-- ADD -->
       <action type="add" dev="ggregory" due-to="Gary Gregory, Piotr P. Karwasz">Add and use IOUtils.closeQuietlySuppress(Closeable, Throwable) #818.</action>
       <!-- UPDATE -->
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Input.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Input.java
index 70147681178..a1ac19b5b38 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Input.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/Input.java
@@ -18,11 +18,12 @@
 package org.apache.commons.io.input;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
+import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
 
 /**
  * Package-wide internals for input.
  */
-class Input {
+final class Input {
 
     /**
      * Throws an IOException on false input.
@@ -36,4 +37,21 @@ static void checkOpen(final boolean isOpen) throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Converts an InterruptedException to an InterruptedIOException.
+     * <p>
+     * The cause of the returned InterruptedIOException is set to the original.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @param e The InterruptedException to convert.
+     * @return The converted InterruptedIOException.
+     * @see InterruptedIOException
+     * @see Throwable#initCause(Throwable)
+     * @see Throwable#getCause()
+     */
+    static InterruptedIOException toInterruptedIOException(final InterruptedException e) {
+        final InterruptedIOException iio = new InterruptedIOException(e.getMessage());
+        iio.initCause(e);
+        return iio;
+    }
 }
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index 1d695d4d5aa..5b694e2503e 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -20,7 +20,6 @@
 import java.io.FilterInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
-import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
 import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
 import java.util.Objects;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
@@ -299,9 +298,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
                 executorService.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
             } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
                 Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-                final InterruptedIOException iio = new InterruptedIOException(e.getMessage());
-                iio.initCause(e);
-                throw iio;
+                throw Input.toInterruptedIOException(e);
             } finally {
                 if (isSafeToCloseUnderlyingInputStream) {
                     super.close();
@@ -559,9 +556,7 @@ private void waitForAsyncReadComplete() throws IOException {
             }
         } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
             Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-            final InterruptedIOException iio = new InterruptedIOException(e.getMessage());
-            iio.initCause(e);
-            throw iio;
+            throw Input.toInterruptedIOException(e);
         } finally {
             try {
                 isWaiting.set(false);
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
index 529d9256fc7..e07cdc3eadb 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStream.java
@@ -245,21 +245,38 @@ private long getBytesPerSecond() {
         return getByteCount() / elapsedSeconds;
     }
 
-    // package private for testing.
+    /**
+     * Gets the maximum bytes per second.
+     * <p>
+     * Package private for testing.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @return The maximum bytes per second.
+     */
     double getMaxBytesPerSecond() {
         return maxBytesPerSecond;
     }
 
-    private long getSleepMillis() {
+    /**
+     * Gets the number of milliseconds to sleep to match to the maximum bytes per second.
+     * <p>
+     * Package private for testing.
+     * </p>
+     *
+     * @return the number of milliseconds to sleep to match to the maximum bytes per second.
+     */
+    long getSleepMillis() {
         return toSleepMillis(getByteCount(), System.currentTimeMillis() - startTime, maxBytesPerSecond);
     }
 
     /**
      * Gets the total duration spent in sleep.
+     * <p>
+     * Package private for testing
+     * </p>
      *
      * @return Duration spent in sleep.
      */
-    // package private for testing
     Duration getTotalSleepDuration() {
         return totalSleepDuration;
     }
@@ -272,7 +289,7 @@ private void throttle() throws InterruptedIOException {
                 TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS.sleep(sleepMillis);
             } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
                 Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
-                throw new InterruptedIOException("Thread aborted");
+                throw Input.toInterruptedIOException(e);
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStreamTest.java
index d44f29746a5..4f66cb1254c 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ThrottledInputStreamTest.java
@@ -18,12 +18,16 @@
 package org.apache.commons.io.input;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrowsExactly;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
 import java.time.Duration;
 import java.time.temporal.ChronoUnit;
 import java.util.concurrent.atomic.AtomicBoolean;
@@ -188,4 +192,20 @@ void testGet() throws IOException {
         }
     }
 
+    @Test
+    synchronized void testReadInterrupt() throws IOException {
+        try (ThrottledInputStream inputStream = ThrottledInputStream.builder()
+                // @formatter:off
+                .setInputStream(createOriginInputStream())
+                .setMaxBytes(1, ChronoUnit.HOURS)
+                .get()) {
+                // @formatter:on
+            final ThrottledInputStream spy = spy(inputStream);
+            when(spy.getSleepMillis()).thenReturn(1L);
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            assertInstanceOf(InterruptedException.class, assertThrows(InterruptedIOException.class, spy::read).getCause());
+            assertTrue(Thread.interrupted());
+        }
+    }
+
 }

From b6629582f0d6f60285093dee4af8f48d3c9ab726 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 11:01:28 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 162/174] Test fix for ReadAheadInputStream now restores the
 current thread's interrupt flag when catching InterruptedException.

---
 .../io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java        |  8 +++++--
 .../io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java    | 24 +++++++++++++++++++
 2 files changed, 30 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
index 5b694e2503e..152cd42a586 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStream.java
@@ -294,8 +294,7 @@ public void close() throws IOException {
         }
         if (shutdownExecutorService) {
             try {
-                executorService.shutdownNow();
-                executorService.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+                shutdownAwait();
             } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
                 Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
                 throw Input.toInterruptedIOException(e);
@@ -464,6 +463,11 @@ private void readAsync() throws IOException {
         });
     }
 
+    boolean shutdownAwait() throws InterruptedException {
+        executorService.shutdownNow();
+        return executorService.awaitTermination(Long.MAX_VALUE, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
+    }
+
     private void signalAsyncReadComplete() {
         stateChangeLock.lock();
         try {
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
index 6ad34e9b2b4..c58324724de 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
@@ -18,17 +18,24 @@
 package org.apache.commons.io.input;
 
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertEquals;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertInstanceOf;
 import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertThrows;
+import static org.junit.jupiter.api.Assertions.assertTrue;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.spy;
+import static org.mockito.Mockito.when;
 
 import java.io.FileInputStream;
 import java.io.IOException;
 import java.io.InputStream;
+import java.io.InterruptedIOException;
 import java.nio.file.StandardOpenOption;
 import java.util.concurrent.ExecutorService;
 import java.util.concurrent.Executors;
+import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
 
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.BeforeEach;
 import org.junit.jupiter.api.Test;
+import org.junit.jupiter.api.Timeout;
 
 /**
  * Tests {@link ReadAheadInputStream}. This class was ported and adapted from Apache Spark commit 933dc6cb7b3de1d8ccaf73d124d6eb95b947ed19 where it was called
@@ -64,6 +71,22 @@ void setUpInputStreams() throws IOException {
                 ReadAheadInputStream.builder().setPath(InputPath).setOpenOptions(StandardOpenOption.READ).get() };
     }
 
+    @Test
+    @Timeout(value = 5, unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+    synchronized void testCloseInterrupt() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
+        try (ReadAheadInputStream inputStream = ReadAheadInputStream.builder()
+                // @formatter:off
+                .setPath(InputPath)
+                .get()) {
+                // @formatter:on
+            final ReadAheadInputStream spy = spy(inputStream);
+            when(spy.shutdownAwait()).thenThrow(InterruptedException.class);
+            Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
+            assertInstanceOf(InterruptedException.class, assertThrows(InterruptedIOException.class, spy::close).getCause());
+            assertTrue(Thread.interrupted());
+        }
+    }
+
     @Test
     void testClosePlusExecutorService() throws IOException {
         final ExecutorService externalExecutor = Executors.newSingleThreadExecutor();
@@ -82,4 +105,5 @@ void testClosePlusExecutorService() throws IOException {
             }
         }
     }
+
 }

From 9882f7d94ecfffa53403af7d3857762d5c0bf18b Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@users.noreply.github.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 11:45:08 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 163/174] Change timeout for testCloseInterrupt to 30 seconds

Increased timeout duration for testCloseInterrupt method.
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java   | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
index c58324724de..1a2520ba4bb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/ReadAheadInputStreamTest.java
@@ -72,7 +72,7 @@ void setUpInputStreams() throws IOException {
     }
 
     @Test
-    @Timeout(value = 5, unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
+    @Timeout(value = 30, unit = TimeUnit.SECONDS)
     synchronized void testCloseInterrupt() throws IOException, InterruptedException {
         try (ReadAheadInputStream inputStream = ReadAheadInputStream.builder()
                 // @formatter:off

From ef2c5e3c5aaa30b8d1ba209ba802c5d38a338e7c Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 15:44:58 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 164/174] Better internal name

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java     | 6 +++---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 4 insertions(+), 4 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index c453415cd34..e203079e502 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ public void run() {
             while (!exitWhenFinished || !trackers.isEmpty()) {
                 try {
                     // Wait for a tracker to remove.
-                    final Tracker tracker = (Tracker) q.remove(); // cannot return null
+                    final Tracker tracker = (Tracker) refQueue.remove(); // cannot return null
                     trackers.remove(tracker);
                     if (!tracker.delete()) {
                         deleteFailures.add(tracker.getPath());
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ public String getPath() {
     /**
      * Queue of {@link Tracker} instances being watched.
      */
-    ReferenceQueue<Object> q = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+    ReferenceQueue<Object> refQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
 
     /**
      * Collection of {@link Tracker} instances in existence.
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, fin
             reaper = new Reaper();
             reaper.start();
         }
-        trackers.add(new Tracker(path, deleteStrategy, marker, q));
+        trackers.add(new Tracker(path, deleteStrategy, marker, refQueue));
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
index 33771fe4554..95c3d4797ad 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
@@ -100,7 +100,7 @@ public void tearDown() {
          */
         {
             if (fileCleaningTracker != null) {
-                fileCleaningTracker.q = new ReferenceQueue<>();
+                fileCleaningTracker.refQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
                 fileCleaningTracker.trackers.clear();
                 fileCleaningTracker.deleteFailures.clear();
                 fileCleaningTracker.exitWhenFinished = false;

From e69cedbc38aa0a07afc5994a80131a7ee1e4f541 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 15:51:31 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 165/174] Push down null invariant check and Javadoc.

---
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java  | 9 ++++-----
 1 file changed, 4 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index e203079e502..f390814ed1f 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -106,10 +106,9 @@ private static final class Tracker extends PhantomReference<Object> {
          * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
          * @param queue  the queue on to which the tracker will be pushed, not null.
          */
-        Tracker(final String path, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy, final Object marker,
-                final ReferenceQueue<? super Object> queue) {
+        Tracker(final String path, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy, final Object marker, final ReferenceQueue<? super Object> queue) {
             super(marker, queue);
-            this.path = path;
+            this.path = Objects.requireNonNull(path, "path");
             this.deleteStrategy = deleteStrategy == null ? FileDeleteStrategy.NORMAL : deleteStrategy;
         }
 
@@ -171,6 +170,7 @@ public FileCleaningTracker() {
      * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
      * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
      * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
+     * @throws NullPointerException Thrown if the path is null.
      */
     private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
             deleteStrategy) {
@@ -316,10 +316,9 @@ public void track(final String path, final Object marker) {
      * @param path  the full path to the file to be tracked, not null.
      * @param marker  the marker object used to track the file, not null.
      * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
-     * @throws NullPointerException if the path is null.
+     * @throws NullPointerException Thrown if the path is null.
      */
     public void track(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
-        Objects.requireNonNull(path, "path");
         addTracker(path, marker, deleteStrategy);
     }
 

From 12d849263336a405c31593ce70764efeb4084e9f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 15:52:16 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 166/174] Javadoc

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java            | 2 +-
 .../java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerListenerAdapter.java | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
index fbb0bf51d7e..df9bc924f49 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaner.java
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ public class FileCleaner {
      * loader it was started from terminates. This can constitute a memory leak.
      * <p>
      * For example, suppose that you have developed a web application, which
-     * contains the commons-io jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
+     * contains the Commons IO jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
      * words, the FileCleaner class is loaded through the class loader of your
      * web application. If the web application is terminated, but the servlet
      * container is still running, then the file cleaner thread will still exist,
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerListenerAdapter.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerListenerAdapter.java
index ac9380f3e79..1a9dfd76c4a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerListenerAdapter.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerListenerAdapter.java
@@ -35,7 +35,7 @@ public TailerListenerAdapter() {
      *
      * <strong>Note:</strong> this is called from the tailer thread.
      *
-     * Note: a future version of commons-io will pull this method up to the TailerListener interface,
+     * Note: a future version of Commons IO will pull this method up to the TailerListener interface,
      * for now clients must subclass this class to use this feature.
      *
      * @since 2.5

From 9df1e7ffa5eca5d4b802d21b3f45481f4a79445f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 16:02:14 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 167/174] Better internal typing

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java | 4 ++--
 1 file changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index f390814ed1f..f0f383a5685 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -21,11 +21,11 @@
 import java.lang.ref.ReferenceQueue;
 import java.nio.file.Path;
 import java.util.ArrayList;
-import java.util.Collection;
 import java.util.Collections;
 import java.util.HashSet;
 import java.util.List;
 import java.util.Objects;
+import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
  * Keeps track of files awaiting deletion, and deletes them when an associated
@@ -140,7 +140,7 @@ public String getPath() {
     /**
      * Collection of {@link Tracker} instances in existence.
      */
-    final Collection<Tracker> trackers = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<>()); // synchronized
+    final Set<Tracker> trackers = Collections.synchronizedSet(new HashSet<>()); // synchronized
 
     /**
      * Collection of File paths that failed to delete.

From eabcbf5e9162aab4eefbc1bc1d699e3e93077948 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 16:10:57 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 168/174] Javadoc and comments

Javadoc and comments
---
 .../org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java  | 13 ++++++++-----
 1 file changed, 8 insertions(+), 5 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index f0f383a5685..c3913f4f7c5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@
 import java.util.Set;
 
 /**
- * Keeps track of files awaiting deletion, and deletes them when an associated
+ * Tracks files awaiting deletion, and deletes them when an associated
  * marker object is reclaimed by the garbage collector.
  * <p>
  * This utility creates a background thread to handle file deletion.
@@ -76,6 +76,7 @@ public void run() {
                     }
                     tracker.clear();
                 } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
+                    // interrupted removing from the queue.
                     interrupt();
                     continue;
                 }
@@ -172,9 +173,8 @@ public FileCleaningTracker() {
      * @param deleteStrategy  the strategy to delete the file, null means normal.
      * @throws NullPointerException Thrown if the path is null.
      */
-    private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy
-            deleteStrategy) {
-        // synchronized block protects reaper
+    private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, final FileDeleteStrategy deleteStrategy) {
+        // synchronized method guards reaper
         if (exitWhenFinished) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("No new trackers can be added once exitWhenFinished() is called");
         }
@@ -194,6 +194,7 @@ private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, fin
      * with multiple class loaders (such as an application server), you should be
      * aware that the file cleaner thread will continue running even if the class
      * loader it was started from terminates. This can constitute a memory leak.
+     * </p>
      * <p>
      * For example, suppose that you have developed a web application, which
      * contains the commons-io jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
@@ -201,14 +202,16 @@ private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, fin
      * web application. If the web application is terminated, but the servlet
      * container is still running, then the file cleaner thread will still exist,
      * posing a memory leak.
+     * </p>
      * <p>
      * This method allows the thread to be terminated. Simply call this method
      * in the resource cleanup code, such as
      * {@code javax.servlet.ServletContextListener.contextDestroyed(javax.servlet.ServletContextEvent)}.
      * Once called, no new objects can be tracked by the file cleaner.
+     * </p>
      */
     public synchronized void exitWhenFinished() {
-        // synchronized block protects reaper
+        // synchronized method guards reaper
         exitWhenFinished = true;
         if (reaper != null) {
             synchronized (reaper) {

From 70ad75d7128755f315062de95eb4318c4549d9ad Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 21:17:44 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 169/174] Make internal class final

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
index 9ce7ab2461a..a73ea719a75 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileDeleteStrategy.java
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ public class FileDeleteStrategy {
     /**
      * Force file deletion strategy.
      */
-    static class ForceFileDeleteStrategy extends FileDeleteStrategy {
+    static final class ForceFileDeleteStrategy extends FileDeleteStrategy {
 
         /** Default Constructor */
         ForceFileDeleteStrategy() {

From 58909e8e30168362b8cb54ef2d26253ab0d6eda2 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Fri, 30 Jan 2026 21:33:36 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 170/174] Better test name

Longer lines
---
 .../commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java   | 42 +++++++++----------
 1 file changed, 19 insertions(+), 23 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
index 95c3d4797ad..a4083a53cbb 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
@@ -90,16 +90,16 @@ private String showFailures() {
 
     @AfterEach
     public void tearDown() {
-
         // reset file cleaner class, so as not to break other tests
-
         /**
-         * The following block of code can possibly be removed when the deprecated {@link FileCleaner} is gone. The
-         * question is, whether we want to support reuse of {@link FileCleaningTracker} instances, which we should, IMO,
-         * not.
+         * The following block of code can possibly be removed when the deprecated {@link FileCleaner} is gone. The question is, whether we want to support
+         * reuse of {@link FileCleaningTracker} instances, which we should, IMO, not.
          */
         {
             if (fileCleaningTracker != null) {
+                if (fileCleaningTracker.reaper != null) {
+                    fileCleaningTracker.reaper.interrupt();
+                }
                 fileCleaningTracker.refQueue = new ReferenceQueue<>();
                 fileCleaningTracker.trackers.clear();
                 fileCleaningTracker.deleteFailures.clear();
@@ -107,15 +107,13 @@ public void tearDown() {
                 fileCleaningTracker.reaper = null;
             }
         }
-
         fileCleaningTracker = null;
     }
 
     @Test
     void testFileCleanerDirectory_ForceStrategy_FileSource() throws Exception {
         if (!testFile.getParentFile().exists()) {
-            throw new IOException("Cannot create file " + testFile
-                    + " as the parent directory does not exist");
+            throw new IOException("Cannot create file " + testFile + " as the parent directory does not exist");
         }
         try (BufferedOutputStream output =
                 new BufferedOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(testFile.toPath()))) {
@@ -131,7 +129,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectory_ForceStrategy_FileSource() throws Exception {
 
         obj = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(testFile.getParentFile());
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
@@ -142,8 +140,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectory_ForceStrategy_FileSource() throws Exception {
     @Test
     void testFileCleanerDirectory_ForceStrategy_PathSource() throws Exception {
         if (!Files.exists(testPath.getParent())) {
-            throw new IOException("Cannot create file " + testPath
-                    + " as the parent directory does not exist");
+            throw new IOException("Cannot create file " + testPath + " as the parent directory does not exist");
         }
         try (BufferedOutputStream output =
                 new BufferedOutputStream(Files.newOutputStream(testPath))) {
@@ -159,7 +156,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectory_ForceStrategy_PathSource() throws Exception {
 
         obj = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(testPath.getParent());
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
@@ -180,7 +177,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectory_NullStrategy() throws Exception {
 
         obj = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertTrue(testFile.exists());  // not deleted, as dir not empty
@@ -200,7 +197,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectoryFileSource() throws Exception {
 
         obj = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertTrue(testFile.exists());  // not deleted, as dir not empty
@@ -220,7 +217,7 @@ void testFileCleanerDirectoryPathSource() throws Exception {
 
         obj = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertTrue(Files.exists(testPath));  // not deleted, as dir not empty
@@ -267,7 +264,7 @@ void testFileCleanerExitWhenFinished1() throws Exception {
         testFile = null;
         raf = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(new File(path));
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount(), "10-Track Count");
@@ -294,7 +291,7 @@ void testFileCleanerExitWhenFinished2() throws Exception {
         testFile = null;
         r = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(new File(path));
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
@@ -318,7 +315,7 @@ void testFileCleanerExitWhenFinishedFirst() throws Exception {
         assertTrue(fileCleaningTracker.exitWhenFinished);
         assertNull(fileCleaningTracker.reaper);
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertTrue(fileCleaningTracker.exitWhenFinished);
@@ -341,7 +338,7 @@ void testFileCleanerFile() throws Exception {
         testFile = null;
         raf = null;
 
-        waitUntilTrackCount();
+        waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(new File(path));
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
@@ -355,7 +352,7 @@ void testFileCleanerNull() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> fileCleaningTracker.track((String) null, new Object(), FileDeleteStrategy.NORMAL));
     }
 
-    private void waitUntilTrackCount() throws Exception {
+    private void waitUntilTrackCount0() throws Exception {
         System.gc();
         TestUtils.sleep(500);
         int count = 0;
@@ -365,8 +362,8 @@ private void waitUntilTrackCount() throws Exception {
                 long i = 0;
                 while (fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount() != 0) {
                     list.add(
-                        "A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String "
-                            + i++);
+                            "A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String A Big String "
+                                    + i++);
                 }
             } catch (final Throwable ignored) {
             }
@@ -377,6 +374,5 @@ private void waitUntilTrackCount() throws Exception {
         if (fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount() != 0) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Your JVM is not releasing References, try running the test with less memory (-Xmx)");
         }
-
     }
 }

From 8bae73649f6b6edd1411a65d286edf82bdfc8e98 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 07:43:48 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 171/174] Better internal names

---
 .../io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java     |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java   | 20 +++++++++++++------
 2 files changed, 15 insertions(+), 7 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
index b14155fe943..630e8ed051d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public void run() {
             }
             try {
                 ThreadUtils.sleep(Duration.ofMillis(intervalMillis));
-            } catch (final InterruptedException ignored) {
+            } catch (final InterruptedException e) {
                 Thread.currentThread().interrupt();
             }
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
index a4083a53cbb..85bfea1aa00 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTrackerTest.java
@@ -54,6 +54,11 @@ RandomAccessFile createRandomAccessFile() throws FileNotFoundException {
         return RandomAccessFileMode.READ_WRITE.create(testFile);
     }
 
+    private void gcFinalize() {
+        System.gc();
+        System.runFinalization();
+    }
+
     protected FileCleaningTracker newInstance() {
         return new FileCleaningTracker();
     }
@@ -278,18 +283,18 @@ void testFileCleanerExitWhenFinished2() throws Exception {
         final String path = testFile.getPath();
 
         assertFalse(testFile.exists());
-        RandomAccessFile r = createRandomAccessFile();
+        RandomAccessFile raf = createRandomAccessFile();
         assertTrue(testFile.exists());
 
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
-        fileCleaningTracker.track(path, r);
+        fileCleaningTracker.track(path, raf);
         assertEquals(1, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertFalse(fileCleaningTracker.exitWhenFinished);
         assertTrue(fileCleaningTracker.reaper.isAlive());
 
-        r.close();
+        raf.close();
         testFile = null;
-        r = null;
+        raf = null;
 
         waitUntilTrackCount0();
         pauseForDeleteToComplete(new File(path));
@@ -306,6 +311,7 @@ void testFileCleanerExitWhenFinished2() throws Exception {
         }
         assertTrue(fileCleaningTracker.exitWhenFinished);
         assertFalse(fileCleaningTracker.reaper.isAlive());
+        assertFalse(Files.exists(Paths.get(path)));
     }
 
     @Test
@@ -344,6 +350,7 @@ void testFileCleanerFile() throws Exception {
         assertEquals(0, fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount());
         assertFalse(new File(path).exists(), showFailures());
     }
+
     @Test
     void testFileCleanerNull() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> fileCleaningTracker.track((File) null, new Object()));
@@ -352,6 +359,7 @@ void testFileCleanerNull() {
         assertThrows(NullPointerException.class, () -> fileCleaningTracker.track((String) null, new Object(), FileDeleteStrategy.NORMAL));
     }
 
+
     private void waitUntilTrackCount0() throws Exception {
         System.gc();
         TestUtils.sleep(500);
@@ -368,11 +376,11 @@ private void waitUntilTrackCount0() throws Exception {
             } catch (final Throwable ignored) {
             }
             list = null;
-            System.gc();
+            gcFinalize();
             TestUtils.sleep(1000);
         }
         if (fileCleaningTracker.getTrackCount() != 0) {
             throw new IllegalStateException("Your JVM is not releasing References, try running the test with less memory (-Xmx)");
         }
     }
-}
+    }

From b44a564196068839ac48d4465a2c9ac7e4731820 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 08:07:21 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 172/174] Javadoc

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java | 2 +-
 1 file changed, 1 insertion(+), 1 deletion(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index c3913f4f7c5..816bacb0f5d 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ private synchronized void addTracker(final String path, final Object marker, fin
      * </p>
      * <p>
      * For example, suppose that you have developed a web application, which
-     * contains the commons-io jar file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
+     * contains the Commons IO JAR file in your WEB-INF/lib directory. In other
      * words, the FileCleaner class is loaded through the class loader of your
      * web application. If the web application is terminated, but the servlet
      * container is still running, then the file cleaner thread will still exist,

From 6eb4fa0788649cc467d12d377f6a7e0b01431655 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 08:41:39 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 173/174] Give test threads better names for debugging

---
 .../commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java       |  2 +-
 .../commons/io/FileUtilsWaitForTest.java      |  2 +-
 .../io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java        |  2 +-
 .../apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java   | 34 +++++++++----------
 ...UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java |  2 +-
 5 files changed, 21 insertions(+), 21 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
index 816bacb0f5d..043a63c7a6a 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileCleaningTracker.java
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ private final class Reaper extends Thread {
 
         /** Constructs a new Reaper */
         Reaper() {
-            super("File Reaper");
+            super("commons-io-FileCleaningTracker-Reaper");
             setPriority(MAX_PRIORITY);
             setDaemon(true);
         }
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsWaitForTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsWaitForTest.java
index 97170323ecf..2eb2c89823b 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsWaitForTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/FileUtilsWaitForTest.java
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ void testIO_488() throws InterruptedException {
             // This will wait (assuming the file is not found)
             assertFalse(FileUtils.waitFor(NOSUCHFILE, seconds), "Should not find file");
             wasInterrupted.set(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
-        });
+        }, "commos-io-Test-IO-488-Thread");
         thread1.start();
         Thread.sleep(500); // This should be enough to ensure the waitFor loop has been entered
         thread1.interrupt(); // Try to interrupt waitFor
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
index 3ad593035b2..16639dfe245 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/QueueInputStreamTest.java
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ void testTimeoutInterrupted() throws Exception {
                 assertTrue(Thread.currentThread().isInterrupted());
                 result.set(true);
                 latch.countDown();
-            });
+            }, "commons-io-QueueInputStreamTest-testTimeoutInterrupted");
             thread.setDaemon(true);
             thread.start();
 
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
index 8455dc84deb..937f59755b0 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/TailerTest.java
@@ -239,7 +239,7 @@ void testBufferBreak() throws Exception {
         writeStrings(file, data);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delay, false, 1)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testBufferBreak");
             thread.start();
             List<String> lines = listener.getLines();
             assertEquals(data.length(), tailer.getTailable().size());
@@ -347,7 +347,7 @@ void testInterrupt() throws Exception {
         final int delay = 1000;
         final int idle = 50; // allow time for thread to work
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delay, false, IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testInterrupt");
             thread.setDaemon(true);
             thread.start();
             TestUtils.sleep(idle);
@@ -370,7 +370,7 @@ void testIO335() throws Exception { // test CR behavior
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delayMillis, false)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testIO335");
             thread.start();
 
             // Write some lines to the file
@@ -400,7 +400,7 @@ void testLongFile() throws Exception {
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delay, false)) {
             // final long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testLongFile");
             thread.start();
             List<String> lines = listener.getLines();
             while (lines.isEmpty() || !lines.get(lines.size() - 1).equals("SBTOURIST")) {
@@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ void testMultiByteBreak() throws Exception {
         // Need to use UTF-8 to read & write the file otherwise it can be corrupted (depending on the default charset)
         final Charset charsetUTF8 = StandardCharsets.UTF_8;
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, charsetUTF8, listener, delay, false, isWindows, IOUtils.DEFAULT_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testMultiByteBreak");
             thread.start();
             try (Writer out = new OutputStreamWriter(Files.newOutputStream(file.toPath()), charsetUTF8);
                     BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(Files.newInputStream(origin.toPath()), charsetUTF8))) {
@@ -458,7 +458,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructor() throws Exception {
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructor");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -470,7 +470,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelay() throws Exception {
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelay");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -482,7 +482,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStart() throws Exception {
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS, false)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStart");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -494,7 +494,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithBufferSize() throws Exception
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS, false, TEST_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithBufferSize");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -506,7 +506,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopen() throws Exception {
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS, false, false)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopen");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -518,7 +518,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopenAndBufferSize() throws
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS, false, true, TEST_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopenAndBufferSize");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -530,7 +530,7 @@ void testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopenAndBufferSizeAndCharset
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener(1);
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, StandardCharsets.UTF_8, listener, TEST_DELAY_MILLIS, false, true, TEST_BUFFER_SIZE)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testSimpleConstructorWithDelayAndFromStartWithReopenAndBufferSizeAndCharset");
             thread.start();
             validateTailer(listener, file);
         }
@@ -587,7 +587,7 @@ void testTailer() throws Exception {
         final String osname = SystemProperties.getOsName();
         final boolean isWindows = osname.startsWith("Windows");
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delayMillis, false, isWindows)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testTailer");
             thread.start();
             // Write some lines to the file
             writeLines(file, "Line one", "Line two");
@@ -649,7 +649,7 @@ void testTailerEndOfFileReached() throws Exception {
         final String osname = SystemProperties.getOsName();
         final boolean isWindows = osname.startsWith("Windows");
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delayMillis, false, isWindows)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testTailerEndOfFileReached");
             thread.start();
             // write a few lines
             writeLines(file, "line1", "line2", "line3");
@@ -673,7 +673,7 @@ void testTailerEof() throws Exception {
         createFile(file, 0);
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = new Tailer(file, listener, delayMillis, false)) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testTailerEof");
             thread.start();
             // Write some lines to the file
             writeStrings(file, "Line");
@@ -698,7 +698,7 @@ void testTailerIgnoreTouch() throws Exception {
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = Tailer.builder().setFile(file).setTailerListener(listener).setDelayDuration(Duration.ofMillis(delayMillis)).setStartThread(false)
                 .setIgnoreTouch(true).get()) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testTailerIgnoreTouch");
             thread.start();
             // Write some lines to the file
             writeLines(file, "Line one");
@@ -724,7 +724,7 @@ void testTailerReissueOnTouch() throws Exception {
         final TestTailerListener listener = new TestTailerListener();
         try (Tailer tailer = Tailer.builder().setFile(file).setTailerListener(listener).setDelayDuration(Duration.ofMillis(delayMillis)).setStartThread(false)
                 .setIgnoreTouch(false).get()) {
-            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer);
+            final Thread thread = new Thread(tailer, "commons-io-tailer-testTailerReissueOnTouch");
             thread.start();
             // Write some lines to the file
             writeLines(file, "Line one");
diff --git a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
index ee1e2e983fc..1566dbc06ef 100644
--- a/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
+++ b/src/test/java/org/apache/commons/io/input/UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStreamTest.java
@@ -148,7 +148,7 @@ public int read(final byte[] buf, final int offset, final int length) {
                 } catch (final Exception e) {
                     // Ignored
                 }
-            });
+            }, "commons-io-UnsynchronizedBufferedInputStream-close");
             thread.start();
             assertThrows(IOException.class, () -> bufin.read(new byte[100], 0, 99), "Should throw IOException");
         }

From 107ca91f7844097532473470d14a93c5c33c5d25 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001
From: Gary Gregory <garydgregory@gmail.com>
Date: Sat, 31 Jan 2026 08:41:47 -0500
Subject: [PATCH 174/174] Give threads better names for debugging

---
 src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java          | 2 +-
 .../org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java    | 2 +-
 2 files changed, 2 insertions(+), 2 deletions(-)

diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
index 24ebe705a1d..f9fe24957c5 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/ThreadMonitor.java
@@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ static Thread start(final Thread thread, final Duration timeout) {
         if (timeout.isZero() || timeout.isNegative()) {
             return null;
         }
-        final Thread monitor = new Thread(new ThreadMonitor(thread, timeout), ThreadMonitor.class.getSimpleName());
+        final Thread monitor = new Thread(new ThreadMonitor(thread, timeout), "commons-io-ThreadMonitor");
         monitor.setDaemon(true);
         monitor.start();
         return monitor;
diff --git a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
index 630e8ed051d..ab3a65b9416 100644
--- a/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
+++ b/src/main/java/org/apache/commons/io/monitor/FileAlterationMonitor.java
@@ -179,7 +179,7 @@ public synchronized void start() throws Exception {
         if (threadFactory != null) {
             thread = threadFactory.newThread(this);
         } else {
-            thread = new Thread(this);
+            thread = new Thread(this, "commons-io-FileAlterationMonitor");
         }
         thread.start();
     }