Yail (Yet another interpreted language)

Created out of pure fun. Not for real use.

Solving real coding problems

• Codewars

Conventions

<!> Package names must be equal to its file names!

Examples:

Variables

var x = 3;
var y = x + 3;
println(y);
// output: 6

Data types

• i32 -> Integer
• any -> dynamically sets the proper return type

To disable type checking use #use disable-type-checking on top of the file.

I/O

var x = "";

println("type something:");
x = input();

println(x);

Parsing

var x = "5";

x = parseInt(x);

println(x + 6);
// output: 11

Casting

funky test() double {
    return 1.45;
}

var x = test();
x += 1.0;

println(typeof((string)x));

Iterators

While loops

var x = 5;

while x >= 0 {
    println(x);
    x--;
}

while true {
    println("break example");
    break;
}

For loops

for var i = 0; i < 10; i++ {
    println(i);
}

Foreach

package main

var x = ["test", "ad"] string;

foreach (var a in x) {
    println(a);
}

If-statements

var x = 5;

if x > 10 {
  println(":D");
}
else if x < 10 {
  println(":(");
}
else {
  println("???");
}

Functions

More about functions here: Docs - functions

var x = 5;

funky addNumbers(a i32, b i32) i32 {

    println(x); // <- NOTE: value not accessable here

    return a + b;
}

x = addNumbers(3, 5);

println(x);

Access modifiers

package test

funky test() string {
  return "called from test()";
}

pub funky test2() string {
  println("called test2()");
  return test();
}

package main

// Exception: Cannot call private function 'test'.
println(test());
// output: 
// called test2()
// called from test()
println(test2());

Arrays

package main

var x = "hello";

for (var i = 0; i <= 4; i++) {
    println(x[i]);
}

var x = [1, 2] i32;

println(x[-1]); // 2

x[-1] = 0;

println(x[-1]); // 0

Dictionaries

package main

var dict = {"key1": 1, "key2": 2};
var x = dict["key1"];

println(x); // 1
dict["key1"] = 2;
print(dict["key1"]); // 2

Reference types

Reference works kinda like in C, declare it by '&'

<!> Reference works only on IAccessible types (Arrays, Dictionaries)

package main

var dict = {"key1": 1, "key2": 2};

var x = dict["key1"];

println(x); // 1

dict["key1"] = 2;

println(x); // 1

// to fix, you need to tell that is a reference

var x1 = &dict["key1"]; // <-

println(x1); // 2

dict["key1"] = 3;

println(x1); // 3

Libraries

<!> Package name must be equal to the file name: package main in main.yail

using math // library import

package main // necessary to define main package

println(abs(-5)); // function inside imported package

External libraries

<!> Package name must be equal to the file name: package main in main.yail

<!> Interpreter is getting path from the project root file.

├── main.yail
├── src
│   ├── test.yail

test.yail

package test

pub funky publicFn() void {
  println("calling publicFn");
}

main.yail

using "./src/test.yail" // only windows support

package main

test::publicFn();

Structs

package main

pub struct Point {
    var x i32;
    var y i32;
}

var p = new Point();
p.x = 2;
p.y = 2;

print(p.x); // 2

Supports

• Int, bool, char, string, double, null
• Single-line, multi-line comments
• Arrhythmic operators
• Console outputs print() / println()
• Console input input()
• Parsing ex.: parseInt()