tests: migrate TestCtlV3PutTimeout to common framework

[sanyamb07]

What this PR does

This PR migrates the legacy e2e test TestCtlV3PutTimeout to the common
test framework as TestKV_PutTimeout.

The new test validates that KV put operations respect the configured
command timeout and return an error when the deadline is exceeded.

As part of the migration, the original e2e test is removed.

Why this change is needed

The etcd project is moving away from the custom e2e test suite toward
the common framework for better maintainability and consistency across
integration and e2e environments.

This PR performs a focused migration of a single test to keep the change
small and easy to review.

Related issue

Part of #20550

[k8s-ci-robot]

[APPROVALNOTIFIER] This PR is NOT APPROVED

This pull-request has been approved by: sanyamb07
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[k8s-ci-robot]

Hi @sanyamb07. Thanks for your PR.

I'm waiting for a github.com member to verify that this patch is reasonable to test. If it is, they should reply with /ok-to-test on its own line. Until that is done, I will not automatically test new commits in this PR, but the usual testing commands by org members will still work. Regular contributors should join the org to skip this step.

Once the patch is verified, the new status will be reflected by the ok-to-test label.

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Details

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[serathius]

Please sign DCO.

If you are migrating a test case, please remove the old test.